Rashin aikin yi ne m - shi sauti pessimistic. Amma da yake da gaske duk da cewa ban tsoro?

Kalmar "congestive rashin aikin yi" sauti a ko'ina a cikin wahala sau na tattalin arziki da kudi crises. Wannan ra'ayi ne ba kwarin gwiwa, sai dai akasin - m exacerbates halin da ake ciki. Amma ilmi daga fassarar da sharuddan, da Sanadin wannan sabon abu, halaye na yanzu da kuma m sakamakon rage tsoro da kuma ya sa ya yiwu ma'ana tantance halin da ake ciki.

ma'anar

Kalmar "rashin aikin yi" yana nufin zamantakewa da tattalin arziki da sabon abu a cikin wanda ɓangare na aiki-shekaru yawan ba da ƙasar aikin yi a masana'antu tsari. A halin da ake ciki a wadda cikakken duk kasar da aiki, ba shi yiwuwa ko da lokacin da ya tilasta aiki, don haka akwai manufar al'ada (na halitta) matakin. Bugu da kari, a cikin bayyanuwar rarrabe tsakanin daban-daban siffofin marasa aikin yi: bude, boye, sunã gudãna, m. Kowace daga cikinsu yana da halaye, haddasawa da kuma sakamakon. Saboda haka, rashin aikin yi ne m - dai kawai daya daga cikin manifestations na tattalin arziki da wani sabon abu. Duk da nuances da tausasãwa za a tattauna a kasa.

Wane ne "m"?

Domin daidai fahimci ainihin abin mamaki, shi wajibi ne su fahimci cewa, game da wanda bãbu wani jawabin. The m ne mutanen da suka isa aiki shekaru wanda ba su da wata tawaya ko wasu dalilai ba za a tsunduma. Domin wannan category mutane ma ba sun hada da waɗanda suka zauna a kan tsohon-shekaru fensho, a kan izni sabõda yaro kula, ne waliyyan naƙasasshe mutane bukata m kula, da sauransu.

Dogon lokacin da rashin aikin yi da characterizes cewa wani ɓangare na yawan cewa shi ne m na dogon lokaci a kan nasu. Wannan category hada da:

• Mutanen da suka yi aiki ba tare da m aikin yi (ba bisa ƙa'ida ba).
• Yawan jama'a aiki a cikin gida ba tare da hukuma rajista (sana'a, freelancers, da dai sauransu).
• Mutanen da suka gurin neman aiki da kuma rasa bege, daina dukkan search.
• Jama'a, wanda ilimi, sana'a da kuma basira ne ba a bukatar a aiki kasuwa.
• "M abubuwa" - barayi, vagabonds, tramps, bara, mutane tare da barasa ko miyagun ƙwayoyi dogara.

Sanadin

Bugu da kari ga gargajiya tattalin arzikin, dakushe samar da wani janar dakushe rayuwar, haddasawa dogon lokacin da rashin aikin yi da kuma za a iya ƙaddara a kan tushen da jerin mutane, wanda yalwaci wannan sabon abu. Ga misali:

• A ci gaba da haraji da kuma kudade sakamakon shi a yawan kula "a inuwa" Enterprises, watau, mutanen da suka yi aiki a can, ana motsi daga cikin category na hukuma da aiki a kullum m.
• Ba zato canji na tsarin tattalin arziki ko fuskantarwa na samar da ayyukan. A daukan hankali misali na wannan na iya zama shekaru 90: aikin da kuma basira mutanen da suka dade aiki a kamfanonin da Tarayyar Soviet, a cikin sabuwar halitta m jihohin ba a bukatar.
• Low Hakkin (aiki halin kaka) an tilasta mutane su suyi watsi da cikakken aiki a cikin ni'imar crafts kuma freelancing.
• M afuwa gubar zuwa wani karuwa a da jama'a na iya-bodied mutane wanda na dogon lokaci da wuya a sami mai kyau jobs.

korau al'amurran

Idan ba ka dauki matakai matakin da matsala, matakin girma zai ci gaba, da kuma tsawon lokaci da rashin aikin yi zai kai ga wani yawan mummunan sakamakon. Wadannan sun hada da:

• A ci gaba da zaman tashin hankali da kuma ƙarin tsanani da laifi halin da ake ciki.
• A karu a kudaden shiga.
• A karuwa a cikin kudin da amfãni ga m.
• Underproduction na GDP, NVP.
• A ci gaba da rata tsakanin zamantakewa strata na yawan jama'a.

Wane ne alhakin?

Rashin aikin yi ne m - shi ne mai matsala a fadin kasar, bi da bi, da kuma warware shi ya kamata jama'a da hukuma. Don kwanan wata, ban da na gargajiya biya da kuma daya-lokaci da kudi taimako wajen samar da kuma aiwatar da mafi tasiri hanyoyin magance wannan sabon abu:

• Jama'a aikin cibiyoyin bayar da 'yan asalin wanda aikin da, ilmi da basira ba a bukatar a aiki kasuwa, sha refresher darussa da su iya samun aikin a wani sana'a.
• Special fi cibiyoyin taimakawa mutane shawo kan barasa da miyagun ƙwayoyi buri, kazalika don samun ilmi da kuma fara aiki.
• A correctional wuraren samar da horo ga laifin aiki fannoni don sauƙaƙe karbuwa al'ada aiki rayuwa bayan saki.
• A yawan daban-daban matakan formalize da kuma jihar rajista na harkokin kasuwanci da aiki na mutanen da suka yi aiki a gida.

Wadannan shirye-shirye da bukatar babba albarkatun daga cikin kasafin kudin, amma a kan lokaci zai ba da kyawawan mai kyau sakamakon.

m al'amurran

Congestive rashin aikin yi - shi ne ba kawai mummunan sakamakon. Kazalika duk wani tattalin arziki sabon abu, shi yana da abũbuwan amfãni:

• Halittar aiki pool.
• Arfafa jama'a hukumomi don ci gaba da aiwatar da wani iri-iri da matakan da shirye-shirye da za su iya bayar da wani bayani ga dama shirye-shirye.
• Inganta da zamantakewa darajar da muhimmancin aiki tsakanin yawan jama'a.

Saboda haka, zamantakewa da tattalin arziki sabon abu da ake kira "dadewa rashin aikin yi" ba catastrophic ko mara kyau ga kasar nan, amma shi bukatar gwamnatin sa baki da kuma iko.