Rasha Maritime iyaka. Iyakoki na Rasha Federation

Rasha shi ne mafi girma kasa a fadin duniya. Its yankin isa 17,1 miliyan murabba'in mita. Jihar located a kan Eurasian nahiyar. Rasha tana da girma har daga yamma zuwa gabas, don haka da yankuna akwai wani gagarumin lokaci bambanci.

Iyakoki na Rasha Federation

Kwastan, tattalin arziki da kuma sauran Rasha kan iyaka sanya a waje da tsohon Tarayyar Soviet, wanda a kanta ne musamman sabon abu. Bayan rushewar tarayyar Soviet, duk da CIS kasashe fuskanci wata matsala bane. A hannu daya da savanin na doka da kuma kudi tsarin tilasta su su rufe tattalin arziki yankin, amma sabon iyakar jihohin Lines bai zo daidai da kabilanci da al'adu iyakoki, da kuma al'umma ba ya so ya yarda da kallafaffen iyakar hani, da kuma mafi muhimmanci - Rasha ba iya a cikin irin wannan gajeren lokaci zuwa ciyar gindaya da kuma ginawa injiniya Tsarin. Har ila yau, wani babban matsalar da aka kafa kwastan da maki.

Description na jihar kan iyakoki

A tsawon iyakar Rasha ya kai 60 kilomita dubu, daga abin da 40,000 km ne a kan teku iyaka. Tattalin arziki Maritime sarari na kasar ne located in 370 kilomita daga jihar bakin teku sashi. Akwai iya zama kotuna na sauran jihohi domin hakar albarkatun kasa. Western da kuma kudancin kan iyakar da Rasha Federation - yafi ƙasar, arewa da kuma gabas - yafi teku. Gaskiyar cewa iyakokin Rasha da irin wannan mai girma har, shi ne saboda da babbar size of karkararta da unevenness siffar seashores Lines da Pacific, Arctic da kuma Atlantic tekuna, wanda wanke shi a kan uku bangarorin.

Rasha kan iyaka,

A wajen yamma, da kuma gabashin kasar ta iyakokin ne mai yawan takamaiman bambance-bambance. A pre-neman sauyi Rasha da aka alama ta halitta iyakoki. Kamar yadda jihar kumbura, ya wajaba to ko ta yaya gyara da kan iyakoki na tekuna da kuma ƙasar. A lokaci guda a cikin sparsely lugar yankunan domin mafi girma fitarwa dole ne a fili gano - wannan zai iya zama wani dutse range, kogin da sauransu. Amma wannan ƙasa akwai mafi yawa a gabashin gefe na kudancin kan iyaka.

A yammacin kuma kudu maso yammacin iyakar jihar ƙasar

Modern Lines na yammacin kuma kudu maso yammacin iyakar Rasha fito daga sashe na mutum 'yan wasan kwaikwayo a kasar. A cewar wani mafi girma har ne administrative iyakokin da suke a baya gida. Sun kasance sũ ne kusan ba na halitta abubuwa. Kamar wancan ne aka kafa da Rasha kan iyaka da Poland da kuma Finland.

Rasha iyakokin ma da babban har. Bayan rushewar kungiyar da yawan makwabta zauna guda. A total na goma sha huɗu. Tare da Japan da kuma Amurka yana da kawai Rasha teku da kan iyakoki. Amma a lokacin Soviet lokaci na kasar kan iyaka da kawai takwas jihohi, da sauran Lines tsakanin jihohin da aka dauke ciki, kuma sun matukar. A arewa maso yammacin kasar Rasha kan iyaka a lamba tare da Finland da kuma Norway.

Status of jihar ya hukumance samu da Rasha kan iyaka da Estonia, Latvia da kuma Lithuania. Tare da yammacin kuma kudu maso yammacin iyakar Ukraine da Belarus ne. A kudancin kasar da iyaka tare da Georgia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, da Jamhuriyar Tuva, Altai, Buryatia. A cikin matsananci kudu-maso-gabas da Rasha Primorye Territory aka kẽwayesu da Korea ta Arewa. Iyakar layi - kawai 17 km.

A arewacin kan iyakar kasar

Rasha Maritime iyaka a arewa da kuma gabashin kasar ne 12 mil daga bakinta. Bisa ga Rasha teku iyaka da kasashe 12. Northern iyakokin ratsa ruwan Arctic Ocean - teku na Kara, Laptev Sea, da Barents Sea, da Gabas Siberian kuma Chukchi. A cikin Arctic Ocean, daga Rasha Coast da kuma har zuwa Arewa iyakacin duniya, shi ne bangaren da Arctic. An iyakance da matukar Lines daga yamma Rybachy Larabawa da kuma gabashin tsibirin Ratmanova da Arewa iyakacin duniya. Iyakacin duniya mallaka - dangi lokaci, da kuma yankin ruwan Rasha kansu da ba su kasance, za ka iya kawai magana game da na'urorin haɗi ruwan Arctic ruwa.

Eastern Rasha kan iyaka

A teku iyaka tsakanin Rasha da ta gabashin wuce ta wurin ruwan da Pacific tekuna. A wannan gefe na kasar nan da nan makwabta ne da Amurka da kuma Japan. Tare da Japan Rasha kan iyakoki a La Perouse mashigar, kuma a cikin Bering mashigar - tare da United States (tsakanin tsibirin Ratmanova, wanda shi ne mai Rasha, da kuma Kruzenshtern, jihar-mallakar). A Chukotka Larabawa, Alaska, Kamchatka da Aleutian Islands Bering Sea aka located. Tsakanin Kamchatka Larabawa, tsibirin Hokkaido, da Kuril da Sakhalin ne Tekun Okhotsk.

A kudancin bakin tekun na Sakhalin da Primorye Territory an wanke ta bakin Tekun Japan. All tekuna na Far East, da wanda Rasha yana da wani Maritime iyaka, partially daskare. Kuma Okhotsk, ko shan la'akari da cewa wani bangare na shi ya ta'allaka ne a kudancin layi daya, shi ne mafi tsanani a wannan batun. A arewa maso yammacin ɓangare na tsawon lokaci da kankara lokaci ne 280 days a shekara. Saboda babban har tekuna a gabashin Rasha line daga arewa zuwa kudu da yanayin damina a kasar bambanta da yawa.

A lokacin rani, a cikin Tekun Japan zo typhoons, waxanda suke da fraught tare da babbar halaka. A cikin Pacific Coast a seismically aiki zones faruwa catastrophic tsunami da ke faruwa a sakamakon bakin teku da kuma karkashin ruwa girgizar kasa.

Matsaloli gabas na Rasha

Maritime kan iyakoki na Rasha da kuma Amurka suna a yanzu da alama, amma a baya akwai iyaka matsaloli. Rasha Empire a 1867, sayar Alaska for bakwai da miliyan daloli. Akwai wasu matsaloli a cikin definition of kan iyakoki, a cikin Bering mashigar. Akwai matsaloli a Rasha da kuma Japan, kalubalantar tsibiran Karami Kuril Ridge, a total yanki na 8548,96 murabba'in mita. km. The muhawara tashi game da jama'a ruwa yanki da kuma ƙasa daga Rasha Federation yanki na ɗari uku da dubu murabba'in kilomita, ciki har da tattalin arziki da sashi daga cikin teku, da kuma tsibiran cewa shi ne mai arziki a cikin cin abincin teku da kifi, da kuma shiryayye zone da ciwon arzikin man fetur.

A 1855, da kwangila da aka sanya hannu, bisa ga abin da Ƙananan Kuril Islands kiyaye su domin Japan. A 1875, Japan ne motsi duk Kurile Islands. A 1905, kan na Rasha-Japanese yaki da aka sanya hannu Portsmusky yarjejeniya da Rasha hakura da wani Japan kudancin Sakhalin. A shekarar 1945, lokacin da kasar Japan ya sa hannu kan yi na mika wuyansu da sallama, da tsibirin Sakhalin da Kuril Islands ya zama wani ɓangare na Tarayyar Soviet, amma su kasa da aka ba a tsare a cikin yarjejeniyar da 1951 (San Francisco). A Japan gefen da'awar cewa ta Kudu Kuril Islands - shi ne bangare na Japan, kuma bã su da wani dangane da kwangila na 1875 tun suna ba da wani ɓangare na Kuril sarkar, da kuma dangantaka da Japan tsibirin, kuma domin da yarjejeniya hannu a San Francisco kuma, ba su rufe.

A yammacin iyakar kasar da ke jihar

A yammacin teku iyaka da Rasha ta haɗu da kasar tare da kasashe da dama a Turai. Yana wuce a kan ruwan Baltic Sea, wanda ke da mulkin zuwa cikin tekun Atlantic da kuma siffofin da tekun na Rasha bays. Sai suka sanya wa Rasha mashigai. A Gulf of Finland ne a arewacin babban birnin kasar na Rasha - St. Petersburg - da kuma Vyborg. A wani tributary da River Vistula Kota Prelog ne Kaliningrad. Close Novoluzhsky tashar jiragen ruwa da aka gina a bakin Luga River. A Baltic Sea ba daskare kawai kashe bakin tekun na Kaliningrad yankin. Wannan teku Rasha kan iyaka a kan taswira ta haɗu da kasa (Isrã'ila tẽku) da irin kasashe kamar Poland, Jamus da kuma Sweden.

kudu maso yammacin iyakar

Kudu maso yammacin ɓangare na Rasha an wanke ta Azov, Black kuma Caspian Tekuna. Maritime kan iyakoki na Black Sea ba Rasha damar yin amfani da Rum. A Tsemesskaya bay tsaye da tashar jiragen ruwa na Novorossiysk. A Taganrog Bay - Taganrog tashar jiragen ruwa. A birnin Sevastopol ne daya daga cikin mafi kyau bays. Azov da Black Sea ne na bayar da muhimmanci ga kai links tare da kasashen na Rasha waje a Turai da kuma Rum. Har ila yau, Maritime kan iyakoki na Rasha Federation a lamba tare da Jojiya da kuma Ukraine. A kudu na Caspian Sea ruwa, da kan iyaka da Kazakhstan da kuma Azerbaijan.

Saboda haka, da Rasha kan iyaka a ƙara wuce a kan halitta iyakoki: duwãtsu, tekuna da koguna. Saboda wasu daga cikin wadannan wuya na kasa da kasa da lambobi (high duwãtsu, glaciers, teku, da kuma sauransu). Others, a akasin haka, m ga hadin gwiwa tare da kasashe makwabtanta da kuma ba da damar sa da kogin da kuma ƙasar kasa da kasa hanyoyi, don ƙirƙirar tattalin arziki sarari.

Extreme maki na Rasha

A arewacin matsananci batu ne Cheliuskin kabido, wanda aka located a kan Tajmyr sashin. A insular batu ne Fligely kabido, wanda shi ne daya daga cikin tsibiran na Franz Josef tarin tsiburai - Rudolph. A kudancin batu ne dagi na Caucasus dutsen iyaka, da yammaci - reshe Sandy tofa Baltic Sea, gabas - Cape Dezhnev a kan Chukchi Larabawa.

Features na Gwargwadon wuri na Rasha

Mafi yawa daga cikin ƙasar da yake a cikin temperate latitudes, amma arewacin aka located a cikin matsananci yanayi na Arctic. A ƙasar Rasha shi ne mai arziki a cikin daban-daban albarkatun da suke da samuwa a cikin manyan yawa. A kasar bautar wani abu wuri a duniya a size da kuma yanki na ƙasar. Rasha gandun daji area kai ɗari bakwai kadada miliyan.

A aras size na kasar na da matukar muhimmanci duka daga wani tattalin arziki da ra'ayi da kuma tare da tsaron gida. A ƙasa na Rasha Federation na da most har na filayen a duniya. Wannan West Siberian da Rasha (Eastern Turai) Bayyana. A arewacin yankin na kasar ta shafa iska talakawa na Arctic Ocean. A ƙasar Rasha shi ne mai arziki a cikin daban-daban iri iri na ma'adanai da kuma ma'adanai. An mayar da hankali game da 40% na duniya Tama. Babban yankin na filayen da kuma arziki adibas na jan karfe tama aka dauke Ural da Ural yankin. A nan, a tsakiya Urals, akwai adibas na duwatsu masu daraja kamar Emerald, Ruby, amethyst. Kuma wani ban sha'awa alama na kasar shi ne cewa an located in duk na labarin kasa zones na arewacin yammancin duniya, tare da togiya na yammacin sahara.