Paul Ekman: biography, littattafai da kuma ka'idar

Paul Ekman - sanannen American psychologist da wanda yake mai ƙulla niyyar gwani a fagen mutum motsin zuciyarmu. Ya halitta nasa ka'idar, wanda damar, tushen kawai a kan fuska, gestures da sauran bayyane dalilai, gane gaskiya tunani na mutum.

manhaja vitae

Paul Ekman aka haife shi a 1934, a Birnin Washington, DC. Ya yi karatu a jami'o'i na Chicago, kuma New York. A shekarar 1958, Adelphi University samu wani Ph.D. a asibiti tunani. Bayan haka, ya fara aiki a Neuropsychiatric Cibiyar. Daga shekarar 1958 zuwa shekarar 1960, Ekman a cikin sahu na jami'in da ya yi aiki a cikin US Army. Bayan da ya biya bashin mahaifarsa, ya koma zuwa koleji da kuma aiki a can har 2004.

Jikin da harshen da fuska, sai ya fara karatu a 1954. A wannan topic da psychologist ya fara yi na kimiyya a shekarar 1955, kuma a shekarar 1957 ya zo da haske ta farko ɗaba'ar. Bayan haka, Ekman shekaru 10 karatu zamantakewa tunani da bambance-bambance na al'adu yadudduka na yawan jama'a. Har ila yau, a cikin layi daya, ya yi karatu a fuska da kuma m mutum motsin zuciyarmu. Wadannan nazarin sun ba da dalilin da ya biyo baya "yaudara ka'idar."

"The National Institute of m kiwon lafiya" goyan bayan duk safiyo na Paul Ekman ta shekara 40 da kuma kama hankali nasarori a fagen bincike da yawa sau girmama awards.

Aiki da Paul Ekman, kazalika da articles game da shi ya bayyana a cikin da dama American da kuma kasashen waje shahararrun mujallun. Har ila yau, PhD sau da yawa za a gani a telebijin fuska a da dama shirye-shirye da kuma nuna. Ba shige shi, da kuma cinema - siffarta yana bauta a matsayin samfur "Karyar zuwa gare Ni," babban harafin a cikin jerin.

Ekman a yau wani farfesa, a Jami'ar San Francisco, da kuma shi ne har yanzu shugaban kamfanin, wanda tasowa da hanyoyin da na'urorin don nazarin motsin zuciyarmu da kuma microexpressions mutane.

Paul Ekman tsarin

Musamman da hankali cancanci hanyoyi da dama theories, sanya shahara psychologist. Dalili na Paul Ekman ta tsarin hõrarru cikin akidarsu cewa a kan mutane ta fuskoki nuna duk ciki motsin zuciyarmu da kuma bayar da tutu mataki (dalili). Wannan shi ne, idan ka san yadda za ka gane wadannan motsin zuciyarmu, ba za ka iya kawai ayyana magudi faru a cikin halin da ake ciki, amma kuma ya hango ko hasashen abin da mataki da mutum yake iya dauka a nan gaba.

Psychologist kokarin fahimtar ko za ka iya karanta a kan fuskõkinsu, kuma ko akwai wasu sarari dokoki da mulkin mutum fuska. Don gano, Paul Ekman a cikin marigayi 60 ta tafiya jihohi da dama, inda mazauna yankin nuna wani sa na hotunan mutane fuskokinsu bayyana daban-daban motsin zuciyarmu. Kuma da mazauni na kasashe daban-daban a daidai wannan fassara abin da ya gani ba. A sakamakon wannan gwajin ya Tsayawa akan matsayin cewa kowane mutum kulawa da fuska bisa ga m damar iya yin komai, kuma su ne kusan guda a duk. Kuma a wata hanya dogara a kan wani zamantakewa yanayi, kamar yadda a baya tsammani.

Bayan da aka kafa wannan al'amari, tare da wani abokin aikinsa Ekman fara ƙirƙirar kasida fuska a gaban daban-daban bakan da motsin zuciyarmu.

Littatafan Paul Ekman

The musamman da suka bambanta da Farfesa Paul Ekman ta littattafai shi ne cewa su ne bisa kan shekaru masu yawa na gudanar da bincike da kuma a cikin zurfin m bincike na sabon abu ya ta'allaka. Ayyukansa - shi ne ba kawai wani m karanta, wannan shi ne mai shiryarwa zuwa ga mataki. Ya halitta mai yawa na ban sha'awa aiki, da Rasha-harshen edition na wanda sun dauki wadannan lokutta:

1) "Me ya sa yara karya" (1993).

2) "ta'allaka Psychology" (1999-2010).

3) "Psychology ta'allaka. Karya to Ni idan za ka iya "(2010).

4) "Explore da maƙaryaci ta magana" (2010).

5) "Psychology na motsin zuciyarmu. Na san yadda ka ji "(2010).

6) "The hikima na gabas da yamma. balance Psychology "(2010).

7) "Explore da maƙaryaci ta magana" (2013).

Dukan littattafan Paul Ekman ne ba tare da wani tushe - ka'idarsa. Ka yi la'akari da mafi m mãsu girmansu.

"Psychology qarya"

Wannan shi ne mafi m dukan 14 littattafai da cewa sanya Paul Ekman. "Psychology qarya" ne mai real amfani ga mutane da suke so su koya su gane, kuma kauce wa karya m magudi da su mutane. A littafin ya bada maanar ƙarya, ta bayyana ta dalilai suna classified bisa ga samar da jagoranci babban hanyoyin da wanda shi za a iya gano.

A littafin ma'anar manufar da ƙarya da kanta, ta haddasawa, musamman siffofin, halin kirki da kuma zamantakewa al'amurran kazalika da samar da daban-daban ganewa hanyoyin. Yana koyar da takamaiman sanarwa microexpressions (na fuska siffofin) da micro-gestures, wanda suke iya fitowa maƙaryaci.

A 2010 ta zo da haske da 2 nd edition - "Ka kwana da Ni." Paul Ekman littafin ne aka yi nufi ga mai fadi masu sauraro, jere daga matan aure da kuma kawo karshen tare da 'yan siyasa da kuma kasuwa. Yana zai taimaka duk wanda ba ya so ya zama wanda aka azabtar da zamba.

"Psychology na motsin zuciyarmu. Na san yadda ka ji"

Wannan littafi na bincika duk asali mutum motsin zuciyarmu - biyu bayyane da kuma a fakaice. An rubuta a cikin wani sauki, m hanya, cike da ban sha'awa facts da suka faru daga rayuwa, amma kuma ya ƙunshi mutane da yawa m shawarwari. Wannan aiki zai ba da damar mafi fahimtar da kansa, abin da motsa ka, abin da motsin zuciyarmu mamaye your rayuwa da kuma yadda shi rinjayar da ita. Haka kuma yana taimaka sani sauransu. Yana sanar da ku ba zuwa ga yin kuskure, da kuma matsawa gaba zuwa sabon nasarori da kuma nasarori, a gida da kuma a aiki.

A littafin, wanda aka rubuta ta hanyar Paul Ekman, "Psychology motsin zuciyarmu" - wani tunani da cewa taimaka wajen gane, kimanta da kuma daidaita da motsin zuciyarmu a kansu da sauran mutane a farkon matakai.

Tantance maƙaryaci ta magana

Wannan sabon littafi da farfesa, wanda za a iya kira a ci gaba da "Psychology qarya". Yana da wani irin na "kwaikwayo" fitarwa na mutum motsin zuciyarmu. Zai taimake ka fahimtar gaskiya ji na kusan kowace mutum tsoro, bakin ciki, da mamaki, da fushi, da farin ciki, kangẽwa. Amfani da wannan littafin, za ka iya ko da yaushe gano yadda sahihan mutane a} asashe masu tasowa ji muku. Yana zai taimaka wajen inganta your skills a cikin kariya da zamba.

Littafin ya ƙunshi babban adadin hotuna a gani misali. Har ila yau, akwai na musamman bada taimakawa wajen gano ƙarya.

The na'urar kwaikwayo Paul Ekman

A musamman shirin na'urar kwaikwayo microexpressions fitarwa da aka halitta. Shi ne da yardar kaina samuwa, shi ne mai sauqi qwarai, za ka iya saya ko sauke zuwa kwamfutarka. Wannan ne mai matukar kyau bitar bayan nazarin janar ka'idar. Yana zai ba ka damar zama gaskiya master a ganowa na ƙarya.

A nan, ka da hankali za a gabatar da mutum fuskoki bayyana daban-daban motsin zuciyarmu, da kuma za ka yi tsammani abin da ji da suka nuna - tsoro, bakin ciki, da mamaki, da fushi, da farin ciki, kangẽwa.

Paul Ekman - a gaskiya baiwa, wanda wajaba ganin darajarsa ba kawai masu karatu amma kuma masana kimiyya. Ya tsarin - wannan shi ne ainihin nasara a fagen tunani. Ya zuwa dogon shekaru na bincike da zai iya haifar da wani Hanyar cewa taimaka a search for gaskiya ga miliyoyin mutane a duniya.