Oak itace: bayanin irin shuka

Ginin bishiya ya sami diamita na mita daya da rabi kuma tsawo na mita 40, kuma tsawon rayuwarsa tsawon shekaru 300-400 ne. Tsohon wakilin shine itacen oak, wanda, bisa ga masana, an ba shi shekaru goma sha biyar.

Ita itace itace tare da akwati cylindrical an rufe shi da gashin launin fata da launin fure da furen fadi mai fadi. Ganye yana da m yankakken haske launin ruwan kasa ko m-launin toka launi, tare da kananan little lenticles, wanda tare da shekaru saya launin toka launin toka launin toka. A ƙarshen harbe shi ne ingancin apical, yana kai 5 mm a cikin kauri da 6 mm a tsawon, a ginin wanda akwai wasu ƙananan maƙwabta.

Duk buds, wanda yana da petiolate, launin ruwan launi mai haske tare da mahimman bayani ko kuma alamun. Ganye na shuka suna elongated, obovate, tare da lobes na gefuna 6-8 da ke kai 7 cm tsawo kuma 4-6 cm fadi, tare da tsarin fata. Launi na foliage a saman yana da duhu duhu, haske, ƙasa - kore ko yellowish. Wannan ba cikakke bayanin ba ne na itacen oak.

Har ila yau, itacen yana da furen dioecious. Maza suna da matuka 6 da membranous perianth, an tattara su a cikin ɗakun kunnen 'yan kunne iri guda goma, waɗanda suke cikin ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ko kuma a ƙarshen harbe-harbe a bara. Furen furanni suna zama tare a kan tsayi mai tsayi kuma suna dauke da raguwa mai tsabta wanda ke gefe tare da Sikakken ƙananan, da kuma ovary tare da lakabi mai tsabta.

Tsarya - 'ya'yan itacen da itacen oak ya yi kama da shi, yayi girma zuwa 4 cm a tsawon da 1.2 cm a diamita, suna da siffar cylindrical ko elongated-ovate, an rufe shi da launin fata, fata mai launin launin ruwan kasa-launin rawaya ko launin launi mai haske. A tushe na acorns suna da saucer-dimbin yawa tare da.

Harshen da ke da nau'i, kamar itacen oak, ya yada cikin Turai. Yankin arewa na girma ya wuce sama da St. Petersburg da kudancin Perm da Vologda. Kwayar yana faruwa a cikin ƙwayoyi ko masu tsabta a cikin siffofi guda biyu (marigayi da bishiyoyi masu tasowa na farko), ya bambanta a lokacin farkon abubuwan da suka faru. Tsarin farko na itace yana farawa flowering a ƙarshen Afrilu-farkon watan Mayu. Maturation na acorns ya faru a watan Oktoba.

Amma, kowa oak tsiro a gauraye gandun daji kusa da ash, hornbeam, Maple, wani lokacin ba za ka iya saduwa da m saukowa (floodplain oak gandun daji).

Ranoraspuskayuschayasya form oak baza a kan rigar arziki kasa, pozdnoraspuskayuschayasya fi son masujadai da kasa tati. Gidan yana da ƙananan raƙuman haske, wanda ya fi dacewa da farfaɗo tare da cikakken haske. Kwan zuma mai daraja yana nufin xeromesophytes kuma za'a iya ƙoshi tare da adadin ruwa. Mafi shuka tasowa a kan loamy da yashi loamy kasa.

Oak yayi girma tare da karfi, itace mai dadi, wanda yana da kyakkyawan tsarin, wanda ya samo aikace-aikace a sassaƙaƙƙun kayan aiki, samar da kayan aiki, da kuma gina gine-gine da kuma gini na mota. Babban darajar itace, wanda ya dade a cikin ƙasa ko karkashin ruwa (itacen oak). Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna cinye kofi, haushi ya ƙunshi kashi 18 cikin dari na tankuna, yana samun aikace-aikace a masana'antar likita. Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da suturar itacen oak a cikin gandun daji kamar kariya ta filin, a cikin gine-gine, don dasa shuki bishiyoyi da dasa shuki.

Kusan dukkan sassa na shuka suna dauke da tannins, daga abin da aka samo asali na tannic. Acorns dauke da kimanin kashi 40 sitaci. Haushi da kuma itacen oak ganye, wanda aka girbe a cikin bazara da kuma bazara tare da matasa shuke-shuke da aka yi amfani da matsayin magani shuka domin samar da anti-mai kumburi, antiseptic, kuma hemostatic jamiái.