Nau'in na gaskiya a cikin falsafa da ilmi

Ne gaskiya a ruwan inabi ko "kome gaskiya ne, duk abin da aka jiyar da" da yake bõye? Wadannan da wasu tambayoyi na kokarin amsa masana falsafa for millennia. Tare da kowane sabon yunkurin samun ilimi na gaskiya zuwa ƙasar alkawari bayyana fi baro a wannan musamman lokacin da tambayoyi da kuma paradoxes. A wannan labarin, za mu taƙaice bayyana daban-daban iri iri na gaskiya a cikin al'adu da kuma falsafa.

Kafin a ci gaba kai tsaye da rarrabuwa, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin zamani al'adu emit sosai gaskiya, da yadda da yawa fasahohin da kuma iri na aiki wanzu da kuma wanzu a cikin al'ummu mabambanta. Saboda haka, domin addini mutumin masĩfa maƙwabcinsa - wata azãba na zunubansa ko allahntaka Shu'umcinku, ga wani lauya da zai iya zama wani laifi ko take hakkin doka, kuma mawãƙi kuma marubuci - wani m, kuma m labarin mutum gwagwarmaya tare da baƙin ciki. Duk wadannan irin gaskiya da hakkin ya wanzu, saboda ƙarya a bangarori daban-daban na ilimi.

Bisa ga mafi m rarrabuwa, gaskiya ne zuwa kashi cikakkar da kuma zumunta. Farko - wannan shi ne cikakken da kuma na game ilmi game da wani abu ko sabon abu. A daya hannun, da dangi gaskiya ce cewa cikakkar ne unattainable. Ba shi yiwuwa a fahimci kawai ilimi, amma ba za ka iya zo kusa da wannan. Wadannan iri gaskiya a falsafa ba Yunƙurin zuwa biyu theories: metaphysics, wadda tayi da'awar cewa cikakkar ilimi na gaskiya, da kuma relativism, setuyuschemu na dangantakar duk ilmi.

Tun zamanin da, mutane sun tambaye gaskiya. Sophists a zamanin tsohuwar Girka relativistic ra'ayoyi bayyana, a dangane da wannan, domin abin da suka kasance soki Socrates. Hobbes, Diderot, Descartes da Leibniz bayan Kirista scholasticism a XVI karni, kuma ya tabbatar da cewa da ra'ayin halittar duniya Allah a matsayin cikakken gaskiya yana da yawa gibba da gaske ƙarancin cancantar.

Bauta wa zumunta gaskiya nacewa soki Fridrih Nitsshe a cikin aikinsa "Kamar wancan ne Ya yi magana Zarathustra". Yana bayyana kanta a cikin dangantakar akidar mutane ko daya daga cikin shugabanni. Inda kodayaushe domin a gaskiya ilmi da ƙarya ka'idar, wajen, misali, a tsakiyar karni na ashirin da ya eugenics, mutane yi amfani da wasu domin su riba. Wannan guda falsafa, bisa ga German immoralist dole ba, netranstsendentnoy gaskiya.

Ta yaya ka san abin da gaskiya ne? Its sharudda da kuma iri daban-daban suna bayyana a cikin da dama sauran falsafa da kuma kimiyya ayyukansu. A takaice, da gaskiya, dole ne madawwama dokokin dabaru, ba su jitu da aka sani facts na kimiyya dace da muhimman hakkokin ilimi, zama da sauki da kuma bayyana, amfani a yi, kuma ya kamata ba dogara a kan bil'adama.

Siffofin gaskiya, game da abin da aka ambata a sama, suna taimaka ma na haƙiƙa na ta irin. Wannan gaskiya ne ilimi wanda ba ya dogara ne a kan ayyukan da mutum da kuma na bil'adama a matsayin dukan. Ko da abin da gaskiya iri dabam-iya zama, da masana falsafa da imani da cewa za su iya koya kawai ta hanyar kwarewa, ji, hankali. Ko, a cikin kalmomi na Ivan Karamazov a cikin labari F. M. Dostoevskogo: "Idan babu Allah, duk abin da aka jiyar da."