Museum of Art Oriental a Moscow. Jihar Museum of Art Oriental

Na Oriental Art Museum - daya daga cikin mafi arziki da kuma mafi ban sha'awa gidajen tarihi a Moscow. Yana yana samuwa tare da misalai da yawa na kerawa: iyali abubuwa, da makamai, addini halaye, sassaka da zane-zane na shahara shugabanninmu da ba a sani ba sana'a daga Eastern kasashen.

tarihi baya

Ya bayyanar Museum of Art Oriental a Moscow zamar masa dole ya san m, kuma ya zama majiɓinci Petru Schukinu. Ya bude "Shchukin Museum" a Little Georgia Street, inda ya nuna abubuwa daga Gabas tarin. The m tattara daban-daban "tsufa" Farisa, China, India, da sha'awar haihuwa kwafi. The gidan kayan gargajiya da aka ba a rufe ko da bayan mutuwarsa a 1912.

Bayan juyin juya halin na 1917 Shchukin tarin zama tushen ga halittar wani sabon gidan kayan gargajiya Ars Asiatica ( "Asian Art"). An kuma ru da guda daga sauran masu zaman kansu tarin, expropriated daga masu. Abin lura shi ne cewa akwai haihuwar da gidan kayan gargajiya Oktoba 30, 1918, da kuma riga na farko nuni da aka bude a cikin wadannan shekaru.

A nan gaba, da Gabas Museum a bayansa da kudi da kuma bayar da ta connoisseurs of art farfado, kuma a kudi na abubuwa samu a lokacin da archaeological da ethnographic expeditions. Sashe na daga cikin kayan da gidan kayan gargajiya shared sauran hukumomin gwamnati.

A postwar shekaru, babban tushen sabon farfado sun zama kasashen da suka zaba da gurguzu hanyar samun bunkasuwar ko 'yanci daga mulkin mallaka da dogaro. A godiya ga goyon bayan da shugabannin Tarayyar Soviet na matasa jihohin Zagayawar da kyautai shugabannin jam'iyyar da gwamnati, daga gare su Masterpieces. A labarin kasa na gidan kayan gargajiya, ya sauya sunansa sau da yawa, kuma a karshe, a shekarar 1992, aka sake masa suna cikin Jihar Museum of Oriental Art.

location gidan kayan gargajiya

A farko, da Gabas Museum a Moscow da wani m gabatarwa. Kafin 1930, ya gudanar a samu a, "Hirschman gida" a ƙofar, da kuma Rasha Historical Museum a kan Red Square, kuma a kan Rozhdestvenka VKhUTEMAS a cikin ginin da kuma a kan Kropotkinskaya embankment. A farko m wurin location da gidan kayan gargajiya ya coci na Annabi Iliya. Lokacin da ka matsar zuwa wani sabon wuri a cikin ginin da asusun ajiya bar. Kuma daga baya da Museum of Oriental sanya shi a cikin shi da sabuntawa nazarinsa. A kimiyya library na gidan kayan gargajiya da aka ma located a cikin wani tsohon gini.

A watan Yuli 1941, mafi muhimmanci da farfado da aka kwashe zuwa Novosibirsk, kashi - a Solikamsk. Gabas Arts gidan kayan gargajiya da kanta da aka rufe. Duk da haka, a watan Mayu 1942 akwai wani nuni da zane-zane ta hanyar artists na Kazakhstan da Uzbekistan. A shekarar 1944 farfado, ya komo daga fitarwa. Kuma a watan Mayu na shekarar 1945, mun riga ya fara da farko m lãbãri.

Oriental Museum a kan Nikitsky babban titi

A halin yanzu gini, wanda gidaje a gidan kayan gargajiya na kirki ban sha'awa a kanta. "House of Lunin" a kan Nikitsky babban titi da aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga gidan kayan gargajiya a shekarar 1960. A qasaita a cikin gargajiya style da aka gina domin iyali Laftanar Janar Lunin bayan da wuta na 1812. Cif m na gidan gona gidan ya Domenico Gilardi. A cikin aikin fara gina wani gini da manyan loggia da kuma ginshiƙai a cikin Corinthian style, ya kauri gaban ƙofar. Amma da ƙarshen yi Lunin mutu, da gwauruwa ta gaske ta gidan da aka sayo ta bankunan. Ya kasance a cikin ginin har 1917.

M, kuma m Lines daga cikin ginin fascinates tare da kyau. Kato da dakuna da kuma dogon bene reminiscent na gargajiya kwallaye m XIX karni. Amma, kamar yadda da yawa ma'aikata na gidan kayan gargajiya, da dakin ba dace da na'urar da nune-nunen da kuma musamman domin ajiya. A mafi kyau zai zama idan arziki, don gudanar da sabon ban mamaki gidajen tarihi, a manyan kuma da-kiyaye ginin da aka gina.

m nune-nunen

A gidan kayan gargajiya yana da wani arziki tarin daga ayyukan art na daban-daban kwatance. Duk da kudi ne game da 150 dubu m farfado, mafi yawan abin da su musamman guda na art. na Oriental Art a shekarar 1991 aka karkashin umurnin shugaban kasar na Rasha ake magana a kai "musamman m abubuwa na al'adu na Rasha."

Aiki m nune-nunen, wanda nuna Masterpieces ta Sin art, Japan, kudu maso gabashin Asia, India da kuma Iran. Sun yi har wani babban ɓangare na ayyukan art daga kasashe na Asiya ta tsakiya da kuma Kazakhstan. Da yawa da hankali ne ya biya zuwa Buddhist art na Buryatia, Mongolia, Tibet.

A nuni kwazo da art na Transcaucasia da kuma Asiya ta tsakiya, musamman wuri ne da aka ba da zane-zane na shahara Masters Martirosa Saryana da Niko Pirosmani. Wadannan ayyuka, sabanin gargajiya na Gabas zanen artists, bayyana shi da cewa wannan Mahaliccinsa ya ba iyaka da kuma iyaka.

A raba dakin da aka kishin ma'adanin na Arewa, inda musamman hankali ne ya biya zuwa sassaƙa hauren giwa. Yana da wuya a yi imani da cewa ko da talakawa yau da kullum abubuwa na iya zama kyau sosai.

The m al'adunmu na Roerich

Bugu da kari ga gidan kayan gargajiya abubuwa na Oriental al'adu da fasaha, a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya na musamman wuri bautar da sashe duqufar da Legacy of Nicholas kuma Svyatoslava Rerihov. Waɗannan ƙungiyõyi biyu ne daga cikin zauren, wanda ya ƙunshi 282 zane-zane ta hanyar sanannen artists - mahaifi da dansa. The tarin ne daya daga cikin mafi girma a duniya. Matafiyi, Falsafa da artist Nikolay Rerih ciyar da ƙarnin ransa a wani karamin kauye a cikin Himalayas. Domin su m hotuna da suke nuna da ban mamaki views daga cikin m da kuma m jihar Tibet, ya ya aka kira "master daga duwãtsu." Mafi yawa daga cikin zane-zane ne a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya, su ne kawai a cikin wannan lokaci. Wasu daga cikin wadannan haske da ban sha'awa zane-zane tabbatar da ziyara zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya.

Nikolay Rerih shi ne ya kafa nasa koyarwar, wanda aka haɗa tare Eastern Sufi, pantheism kuma high al'adar Turai. Wannan Trend samu a cikin esoteric duniya na da yawa mabiyansa. Su ma janyo hankalin da Museum of Art Oriental (Moscow).

A Roerich tunawa nazari kuma buga rare littafin bugu. Wasu daga cikin su zama a duniya a cikin wani aure kwafin. Ya kuma tara na musamman da tarin Gabas antiquities.

kimiyya aiki

Jihar Museum of Oriental fara da farko kwanaki na bincike ayyuka. Duk da farfado da su gano hanyoyin da za a kafa lamba tare da Rasha, don bi hanyar tarihi, musamman art na mutanen gabacin Eurasia.

Fara archaeological hanya da aka dage farawa a 1926, a lokacin da biyu manyan expeditions zuwa Termez (Turkmenistan) da aka shirya a karkashin shiryarwar da darektan V. P. Denike. A sakamakon da aka fitowan da gidan kayan gargajiya abubuwa daga tono na fadar XII karni.

A shekara ta 1929, na farko balaguro domin sayan abubuwa na Oriental art da aka gudanar.

Kimiyya aikin bai daina ko a lokacin Great Patriotic War.

A halin yanzu, kusan kashi biyu daga uku na farfado gabatar a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya - da sakamakon archaeological expeditions. Su shekaru jeri daga cikin Neolithic ga XIV-XV ƙarni.

A kimiyya library na gidan kayan gargajiya na da fiye da 80 dubu littattafai a kan art na Gabas. Mutane da yawa daga cikin wadannan littattafai sosai rare, kuma akwai cikakken m rarities.

Tun shekarar 1987, akwai wani Research Institute a gidan kayan gargajiya. Yana da ma'aikata fiye da 300 da kwararru, da yawa daga wanda su ne likitoci da 'yan takara na sciences. Bugu da kari ga zalla kimiyya aiki, sau da yawa suka gudanar da yawon shakatawa na mutum dakunan da lacca kishin gabashin al'adu da fasaha.

ilimi aiki

Museum of Art Oriental a Moscow - daya daga cikin mafi m ilimi cibiyoyin kasar. An kullum aiki laccoci, laccoci a wadda karanta kyau kwarai kwararru, m game da aikinsu. Za ka iya ziyarci mutum laccoci ko saya biyan kan su sake zagayowar a kan wani keɓaɓɓen batu. Sau da yawa shirya nune-nunen na zamani art, musamman zane-zane na mu Sahaban, wahayi zuwa gare ta Gabas motifs. Jigo movie screenings sadaukar da kasashe na Gabas, da da kuma yanzu. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci suna nuna tarin na sauran gidajen tarihi a duniya. Alal misali, babban martani samu nuni kishin samurai, wanda ya iso kai tsaye daga Japan.

Wadanda sha'awar a cikin al'adun gabashin kasashen, janyo hankalin zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya na mutanen Gabas da kuma da dama daga abubuwan da suka faru. Alal misali, kowane mako akwai ne da za'ayi da shayi bikin, wanda ayan don samun magoya na Japan al'adu. Museum of Gabas shirya aikin art Studios ga yara da kuma manya. Har ila yau, gidan kayan gargajiya yana da wani m abokin zama wasan kwaikwayo na India dance "Tarang".

Idan so, za ka iya samun asali basira na wasan a Eastern kida, Oriental dance, art bouquets - Ikebana.

By kafin tsari, za ka iya aiki a cikin karatu dakin na gidan kayan gargajiya library, yin amfani da wani arziki kimiyya wallafe-wallafe a kan Eastern al'adu da zane-zane.

Aiki tare da yara

Domin ƙaramin tsara na Jihar Museum of Oriental ma yayi wani kewayon ayyuka. Wannan thematic yawon shakatawa ta hanyar da dakunan na gidan kayan gargajiya da aka gudanar a babban connoisseur na Oriental art da kuma laccoci ga gaba da makaranta manhaja a tarihi, labarin kasa, duniya al'ada. Popular lacca-kide da suke a kan daidai da na fi'ili bayanai game da ayyukan Oriental fayyace a fili shi kuma da wani ban sha'awa bangaren.

Domin shekaru fiye da 20 a cikin Museum na Gabas akwai wani yara art studio "Kunkuru". A da shi dalibai koyi zanen, zane, graphics, na ado da kuma aiyuka arts. Kuma matasa, 'yan studio da ciwon fun aikatãwa wanda ya canja daga lãkã, kuma lãka, Origami da applique.

Yara gidan kayan gargajiya tikitoci suna da yawa mai rahusa fiye da manya, da kuma m ne free ga preschoolers. Ga sauran iri sabis - laccoci, balaguro din, ayyuka daban-daban - kuma bayar da rangwamen.

Ga masoya na haihuwa

A gidan kayan gargajiya ne tsoho gallery "Sean". Ta - kadai daya daga irinsa, kamar yadda sauran galleries tafiyad da wato Gabas kayayyakin gargajiya, a kasar mu akwai. M shi ya ƙunshi daban-daban ayyukan art daga Japan da kuma kasar Sin. Products sanya daga daban-daban na gargajiya Gabas kayan - tagulla, ain, itace, kashi - ne a babban bukatar tsakanin haraji. Gabatar da kayan ado, kõre da mai walƙiya, kyãwãwa, kasa kayayyaki, ba kawai daga Far East, amma kuma daga sauran kasashen Asiya da kuma kasashen Afrika.

Mafi shahara tarin Japan dada figurines - netsuke da okimono.

Duk da haka, da gallery yayi baƙi a gidan kayan gargajiya da kuma gwada da m kayayyakin da cewa za ka iya saya a matsayin kyauta, kyauta ga wata da ranar haihuwa ko ranar tunawa da ga gida ado. Oriental fan, bathrobes, mundaye kuma zobba na gargajiya coinage - a nan shi ne wani karamin sashi na abin da za ka iya saya a nan.

Yana da daraja gani

Hakika, da gidan kayan gargajiya na mutanen Gabas a Moscow ne mai babbar tarin daban-daban ayyukan art. Amma wasu farfado jawo hankalin fiye da wasu.

Irin wannan abubuwa sun hada da duniya most mikiya adadi na hauren giwa. Yana da aka kawo a matsayin kyauta ga sa kambi na Nicholas II da Japan Sarkin sarakuna. Mene ne abin mamaki shi ne cewa wannan aiki ne da za'ayi a cikin wani hadadden hade dabara. Masters samar da jiki da kuma fikafikan gaggafa aka yi da itace. Kuma a kan wutsiya tafi da goma sha biyar da ɗari faranti na sosai goge hauren giwa. A wani mikiya a kan bango na allo, wanda ya siffanta da m teku - a fi so motif na Japan artists.

A cikin babban alama a kan maziyarta samar da wani tarin Buryat masks amfani a lokacin bikin. Ban tsoro fuskoki a kan su an tsara don tsorata kashe mugayen ruhohi da kuma zai zo harba tsoro fina-finai.

Fasaha chasers kuma sassake wakilci a cikin tarin kayan ado na azurfa daga Turkmenistan da Dagestan (sanannen Kubachi kayayyakin). Janyo hankalin da idanu daga cikin mafi kyau sassaƙa da hauren giwa, sanya Chukchi sana'a. A dab da dakuna za ka iya ganin hauren giwa a kan wasu ƙarshen duniya.

Da yawa images na Buddha, ya kawo daga kasashe daban-daban, duka kama da daban-daban. Wasu daga cikin su tare da tsananin magana a kan fuskarsa, da sauran murmushi, da sauransu cire daga duniya da kuma directed kansa. Hit Buddha figurines daga Indochina - kõma sama da kafadu earlobes.

Sin Masters shahara sassaƙa na hauren giwa nested duniyoyin, kuma suka yi daga wata guda yanki daga kashi, wani lokacin ga ƙarni da dama. Ko kauye, sassaka hauren giwa a kan, inda za ka iya bambanta kowanne mazauni na gyara man fuska fasali da kuma su ne kowane mutum! Ta yaya za a iya ku yi tunãni ba "lãka sojojin" Sarkin sarakuna Qin Shi Huang, kowane soja wanda aka kera da wani mutum!

Ban sha'awa tarin kyãwãwa. Akwai tsoho articles na halitta aikin hannu siliki. A daidai wannan lokaci da akwai da dama na zamani guntayen} yallen darduma na ulu da sauran kayan. Akwai articles kishin gagarumin events a cikin rãyuwar kasar.

A Soviet sau, wani babban wuri a cikin expositions na gidan kayan gargajiya daukan hoto V. I. Lenina da sauran shugabannin duniya proletariat, kashe a sosai daban-daban dabaru: zane-zane, sculptures, kyãwãwa, woodcarving da ƙasũsuwa shin ... Yanzu da mafi yawan su suna located a cikin Museum Storage Facility .

Jihar Museum of Art Oriental alfahari ban mamaki misalai na Oriental zanen. Yana ta daban-daban shimfidar a kan takarda ko Siliki na asali daga kasar Japan da kuma kasar Sin. Sanya da tawada a kan siliki image gigice tare da launuka da kuma lafiya da ma aikacin sana'a.

Ain wakilci da farko ta Japan netsuke adadi. Suka yi amfani da matsayin counterweight da dukiya a kan bel, kamar yadda Japan kimonos ba Aljihuna. Su kama da sauran Figures da aka sanya a cikin wani alkuki na gidan, inda shi ya zama al'ada a rataya wani hoto ko wata hikima maganarsu. Wadannan dada sculptures kira okimono.

A cikin gidan kayan gargajiya akwai mai yawa ga kuma wani masanin kimiyyar da wani dalibi, da kuma wani lover na m duniya na Gabas. Musamman tun da tikitin farashin su ne quite demokra] iyya, da kuma ga wasu nau'i-nau'i daga baƙi akwai wani tsarin da rangwamen.

Idan kana so ka manta game da rayuwar yau da kullum yanayi, da launin toka rayuwar yau da kullum, a ziyarci mutanen Orient Museum a Moscow!