Murmansk: yawan jama'a, ta size da kabilu

Daya daga cikin mafi girma a tashar jiragen ruwa birane a Rasha ne Murmansk. Its yawan ne 305 dubu mazaunan. Yadda za a canza yawan mazaunan Murmansk a tsawon shekaru? Abin da kabila rayuwa a nan? Amsoshin wadannan tambayoyi da sauran alƙaluma da za ka sami wannan labarin.

Murmansk - wani gari a cikin Arctic Circle

Da ban sha'awa sosai Asalin sunan birnin. A zamanin da, da Slavs a cikin wadannan sassa da ake kira "Murman" Norwegians (da Normans). Mafi m, daga baya ya zama sananne a matsayin gida ƙasar da - da tekun na Barents Sea kuma da Kola Larabawa. A lokacin da a farkon karni na ashirin akwai aka gina a tashar jiragen ruwa, shi samu da sunan - Romanov-on-Murman, wanda bayan zuwa na Soviet ikon canza kama zuwa da "Murmansk".

A jama'ar na gari shi ne tilasta wa rayuwa a wuya yanayin damina. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda Murmansk aka located a cikin Arctic Circle. A iyakacin duniya dare yana fiye da wata daya - daga 2 Disamba zuwa 11 ga watan Janairu.

A na zama yi Murmansk mamaye panel high gine-gine. Haka kuma, su ne sau da yawa da ganuwar suna yi wa ado da m mosaics. A wannan hanya, birnin hukumomi na kokarin magance tare da "color of yunwa" saboda hunturu a nan yana game 7-8 watanni.

Murmansk: yawan jama'a da kuma ta ƙarfafa muhimmancin da shekaru

By yawan mazaunan birnin bautar da 64th wuri a Rasha. 305 000 mutane - da cewa shi ne da yawan jama'a na birnin Murmansk da ake gyarawa a farkon shekarar 2015.

A shekara ta farko bayan da aka kafa kauyen (a 1917) akwai zauna kawai 1300 mutane. A jama'ar na birnin Murmansk farkon kara hanzari a cikin marigayi 20 ta, bayan da aka kafa ta, na Soviet Arewa jiragen ruwa. Kafin farkon yakin duniya na II, birnin na da yawan jama'a kusan 120 da mutane dubu.

Population girma ko da lokacin yaki, kamar yadda Murmansk ya dade wani al'amari na gaskiya da kawai tashar jiragen ruwa ta hanyar abin da Tarayyar Soviet don gudanar da harkokin ciniki. A cikin biyu post-yaki shekarun da suka gabata, birnin ta yawan ta ninki biyu. A m shekaru, Murmansk girma, yafi saboda da ambaliya na yawon ci-rani.

Alƙaluma da rikicin ya fara ne a birnin a farkon '90s, a lõkacin da ya koma daga cikin kimanin 30,000 matasa. A wannan halin da ake ciki deplorable wanzu sa'an nan kawai a Grozny, suka tsira na farko Chechnya yaki. Tsakanin 1989 da kuma 2002, birnin na "rasa" har zuwa 150 dubu na da mazaunanta.

A outflow daga matasa ya kai ga wani m alƙaluma da matsala: a yau, korau gyarawa a shekara a Murmansk halitta yawan girma (game da 0.5% a kowace shekara).

Murmansk: yawan jama'a da kuma ta kabilu

A ra'ayin gina wani tashar jiragen ruwa birnin a wannan wuri Dates baya ga 70-ies na XIX karni. Wadannan bukatun masu sarari: gaban nan na wata babbar tashar jiragen ruwa na Rasha Empire bude free damar yin amfani da Arctic Ocean.

A 1916, a kan wani tudu aka gina shi, birnin Murmansk. Ba zato ba tsammani, ya kasance na karshe shiri, kafa a Rasha Empire. A shekara daga baya, kamar yadda muka sani, da tsarist jihar daina wanzuwa.

Ƙabilun, jama'ar na birni ne fairly uniform. Bisa ga latest yawan ƙidaya, da aka gudanar a 2010, Rasha (game da 89%) rayuwa a Murmansk, Ukrainians (4.5%), Belarusians, Tatars, Finns, kazalika da wakilan sauran kasashe.

Addini tsarin da birane yawan ne mafi ban sha'awa. A Murmansk akwai 17 addinai, ciki har da manyan wuri nasa ne da Rasha Orthodox Church. A birnin da aka gina a kalla goma Orthodox majami'u, a nan ma shi ne kujera na Lardi Simon.

Gabatar a Murmansk da Katolika suka gudanar da wani sabis a cikin Church of St. Mika'ilu Shugaban Mala'iku. Rajistar a nan kamar yadda Protestant majami'u (musamman Baptists, Adventist, Pentecostals da Shaidun Jehobah). A kananan al'umma Musulmi Murmansk erects kanta masallaci. Bugu da kari, birnin rajista a Krishna addini kungiyar "Society for Krishna sani."

ƙarshe

Daga cikin garuruwa, wanda aka located a baya da Arctic Circle, da most ne Murmansk. Mutane suna tilasta su rayu a tsawo sosai matsananci hunturu da kuma shekara-shekara na iyakacin duniya dare a cikin watan dogon. A yau shi ne gida zuwa fiye da 300, da mutane dubu.