Mujallar Muromun da aka Yi Magana: Hotuna, tarihin

Birnin Murom ya cancanta ya yi la'akari da zuciyar Orthodoxy na Rasha. Dubban 'yan yawon bude ido sun zo nan a kowace shekara ba kawai daga ƙasarsu ba, amma ma baƙi na kasashen waje suna jin daɗin yanayi na tsabta da natsuwa.

A yau za mu yi tafiya mai tafiya a cikin Alkawari wanda ake kira Annunciation Monastery, wanda yake kusa da Trinity Monastery. Idan aka kwatanta da na karshe Mai Tsarki Gaske Shelar sufi a Murom mafi tsananin da ascetic. Ƙasarta ƙananan ne, amma yana da kyau kuma an yi masa ado da furanni. A nan akwai yanayi mai ban mamaki na zaman lafiya da natsuwa.

Mujallar Annunciation a Murom: tarihin

The gidan sufi aka kafa da umurnin na Ivan da m. Wannan ya faru a tsakiyar karni na XVI. Tun da farko a kan wannan shafin shine Cathedral da aka bayyana, inda aka sanya ma'anar tsarkakan shugaban Murom - Constantine da 'ya'yansa Fedor da Michael. Prince Constantine ya sami Moore a matsayin gādon kuma sunansa yana da nasaba da tarihin baftisma na mazauna garin.

A cikin Tale of Establishing Christianity in Murom, wanda ya kasance a cikin karni na 16, an ce alummai, waɗanda suka ƙi yarda da Kiristanci, sun kashe ɗan ɗan dan sarki, Mikhail, kuma ya kusanci ɗakinsa a hankali. Yarinsu Constantine ya zo gare su, wanda ke riƙe da makamai a hannunsa, kamar yadda makiyan da ake tsammani, amma gunkin mahaifiyar Allah, wanda daga baya ya zama sanannun Muromskaya.

Hoton da aka yi a hannun dan sarki, ya yi mamakin wannan mu'ujjizan da ba a yarda ba. Wadanda suka gudanar da wajibi ne Murom Bishop Basil ya yi baftisma a Oka. Yarjejeniyar Constantine da 'ya'yansa maza sun kasance a cikin 1547 a majami'ar coci, amma kafin wannan an dauke su da tsarki a Murom.

Daga nan sai ya zama cikakke dalilin da yasa Ivan wanda yake da mummunar kisa, wanda kafin wannan yakin da aka yi a Kazan yayi sallah a Murom zuwa ga tsarkakan nan, nan da nan bayan nasarar da aka yi a cikin yakin da aka umurci kafa gidan sufi a wurin da aka binne su.

Daga farkon kwanakin wanzuwar, ba a hana masallacin tsar na kyauta ba: wasika daga 1558, ta karbi albashi, kazalika da hatsi daga kudaden kwastan na Murom, babban jigon kayan ado na musamman na Ikilisiya da aka aika daga Moscow zuwa masallaci, kuma an bayar da taimakon kudi mai yawa daga asusun, An gabatar da wasu ƙauyuka.

Ƙungiyar Cikin Gida

An gina babban coci a maimakon tsohuwar tsofaffin ɗakin haikalin. A lokacin nazarin tsarin katako, Sanarwar Mujallar Annunciation a Murom ta sake dawo da sassan tsarkakan sarki. A cikin asalinsa, har zuwa yau, wannan cocin ba a kiyaye shi ba, tun lokacin da aka sake gina shi sau da yawa a yau, da rashin alheri, a cikin bayyanar kusan kullun ba kamar kamfani da masanan Moscow suka gina ba, wanda Ivan da Mafi ya aiko.

Cikin Cathedral na Sanarwar ya tashi a kan babban jirgin sama, kuma yana da rectangle daga kudu zuwa arewa. Wannan layout yana da kyau sosai ga gine-ginen addini na karni na XVI. Bayanan gine-gine na katolika na kusa da gine-ginen Moscow. Gidan cocin yana da alamomi da ƙananan siffofin. Ginin yana rabawa a tsaye ta hanyar kwaskwarima cikin kashi uku. Dalili akan ƙuƙwan ƙuri ne mai girma tare da ƙwayoyi. Kokoshniki dogara ne a kan pilasters.

Ganuwar Cathedral Magana shine tsari mai banƙyama, wanda ya ƙunshi siffofin shinge daban-daban: kambi na katakon katotin katako ko wani kokoshnikom. Ƙungiyoyin launi ne aka wakilta daban-daban a cikin launi da launi. Bayanai na gine-gine na babban coci suna da yawa tare da wuraren tunawa na Murom, tare da misalai na gine-ginen Moscow na karni na 17. Duk da haka, Murom temples ta hanyar dabi'a sun zama raba, musamman a cikin tarihin gine-gine na Rasha.

Dangantaka na gine-ginen, ana iya ganin kwarewar kudancin kyauta. Mun gode da tsayayyar matakan, an kiyaye su daga karni na XVII, an kirkiro kirkirar kirki ne a nan. Akwai podklet, a gaskiya maɗaukaki ne, ƙofar da aka tsara ta pilasters. Suna tallafawa ta hanyar shimfidawa mai gina jiki. A cikin ɓangarori na gefe akwai windows na siffar da aka ƙaddara a cikin ƙoshin.

A lokacin mamaye sojojin Lithuania na Pan Lisovsky (1616) masallaci ya sha wuya sosai. An kaddamar da babban katangar a cikin kullun. Bayan yakin da rikice-rikice, majami'a ya fara sake ginawa nan da nan, kuma bai sake yin ba tare da falalar sarki ba. A lokaci guda kuma, ma'anar ma'anar sake gina babban coci da kuma gidan su ne ƙirar TB Tzvetnov ta Trombet, wanda a ƙarshen rayuwarsa ya ɗauki alkawuran alloli a cikin gidan sufi, da sunan Tikhon. A nan an binne shi.

Kodayake babban coci yana da labarin daya, godiya ga layuka biyu na windows, yana haifar da wani abu mai ban mamaki cewa abu ne guda biyu. Wannan ƙirar da ake amfani da shi ta amfani da shi a yawancin gine-ginen da aka gina a cikin karni na 16 zuwa 17.

Farfadowa

A shekara ta 1664 an gina babban babban coci mai tsarki na Mujallar Mu'awar Muromal a Murom: daga tsohon gini, sai kawai wani kwari ne ya tsira. A yau shi ne gine-gine da aka yi wa ado a cikin salon rukuni na Rasha, wanda yana da surori biyar, layuka na kokoshniks, wanda ke kan tuddai, wani kyakkyawan ƙofar alfarwa da kuma hasumiya.

Tarasy Tsvetnova ta sanya ta agogo a kanta. Da farko, shugabannin haikalin suna da siffar kwalkwali, amma daga bisani an yi su bulbous. An yi ado da bango da manyan kullun - an zana su da masara, semicolumns, flatbands.

A iconostasis

A cikin Mujallar Muromallar Mujallar Mujallar, wadda ta fi daidai, a cikin babban coci na wannan sunan, akwai kyawawan abubuwan da ake kira iconostasis shida, waɗanda aka kashe a cikin style Baroque. An shigar da shi a cikin babban coci a shekara ta 1797 kuma, mai yiwuwa, an kiyaye shi kawai saboda gaskiyar cewa a lokacin zamanin Soviet ba a rufe cocin ba. A ciki, an kiyaye gumakan musamman na karni na 16 zuwa 18th.

Hakan daidai ya dace da launi da ciki na babban coci: wani shinge mai rufi wanda ke ƙawata ƙofar da shirayi, yana banƙyama da kayan ado daban-daban. Bayan lalacewar Lithuania na Mujallar Annunciation a Murom, wannan katangar ta zama dutse kawai. A shekara ta 1652 a cikin tarihin akwai tarihin cocin dutse na John theologian, wanda bai wanzu ba sai kwanakinmu. Sauran sassan sun kasance katako.

Stephanie Church

An kuma gina wani dutsen dutse mai tsarki na Mujallar Cikin Muromal a Murom a 1716. Suka zama Stefanievskaya ƙofar coci. Kwanan lokacin da wasu masanan suka gina ta, ana tambayar su, tun a cikin kaya akan 1678 an riga an ambaci coci dutse, mai yiwuwa Stefanievskaya.

An bambanta ta hanyar tawali'u, kuma a lokaci guda gine-gine masu kyau: an yi amfani da ma'aunin kwalliya ta jere guda daya na kokoshniks, kuma an yi wa drum a ƙarƙashin gwangwani guda ɗaya da kyakkyawan zane mai kyau. Duk abin da ke cikin wannan haikalin yana tunawa da al'adun gine-ginen Ikklisiyoyin Murom da suka koma karni na 17. Duk da wasu canje-canje da aka yi a cikin karni na XIX, haikalin bai rasa ainihin asalinsa ba.

A 1811, a cikin Mujallar Annunciation a Murom an gina shi da shinge na dutse da hasumiyoyin. Kusan a lokaci guda, ƙofar coci da aka sabunta.

Masallatai na Moscow

A lokacin yakin da sojojin Napoleon suka yi, an kawo wuraren gine-ginen daga Moscow zuwa gidan yakin Mujallar Muromal. Waɗannan sune gumakan Iberian da Uwargida na Vladimirian. An tsare su a cikin babban coci, sannan kuma aka kai su zuwa Vladimir. Babu gidajen dutse a Fadar Mujallar Mu'awar Muhawara. Sai kawai a 1828 an gina gine-gine, kuma a 1900 - an gina gidan don hegumen.

Masifi a zamanin Soviet

A lokuta na Soviet, da gidan kafi, kamar yawancin gine-ginen addini, aka rufe, 'yan'uwan sun koma gidansu, amma, baza'a iya ba, Cathedral na Annunciation ya kasance mai aiki: ana gudanar da hidima a can.

A 1923, an gano ciwon daji tare da sassan mutanen Murom. Bayan haka, an tura su zuwa gidan kayan gargajiya, kamar yadda aka nuna. An rufe majami'ar a 1940, amma ba tsawon lokaci ba - har 1942.

Komawar ROC

A shekara ta 1989, an sake komawa coci a cikin majami'a, kuma a shekarar 1991, masallacin Blagoveshchensky a Murom ya sake fara rayuwa. Adireshin shi ne st. Krasnoarmeyskaya, 16. Yau da yawa masu yawon bude ido da mahajjata sun ziyarci wuraren ibadar da aka ajiye a nan.

Sun hada da:

• Ciwon daji tare da relics na shugabanni Constantine, Fedor da Michael na Murom.
• Icon na tsarkakan shugaban Murom.
• Icon na Iliya na Murom.
• Icon of Saints Bitrus da Fevronia.
• Iveron icon na Virgin.
• Icon na Alamar Uwar Allah.
• Icon na Nicholas da Wonderworker.

Icon na Iberian Mother of God

Wannan alamar ana daukar banmamaki. Ana nan a Cathedral na Mujallar Annunciation a Murom. Alamun yana samuwa a gefen dama na haikalin, kusa da taga, kusa da bagaden ƙonawa. Hoton wannan kyauta ne na Athos icon na Uwar Allah, wanda aka sani a duniya a tsakanin Krista a duniya, har ila yau da jerin daga Iberian icon wanda aka bai wa gidan sufi a 1812. Mahajjata ce cewa wannan icon na m ikon da kyakkyawa.

A ƙarƙashin gilashin akwai ƙawanin zinariya da azurfa, waɗanda mutane suka gode wa Uwar Allah don cikakkiyar buƙatun da aka yi a cikin salloli. Kusa da wannan icon akwai wani shrine - hoton Ilya na Murom kuma wani ɓangare na relics. An ba wannan alamar zuwa gidan yarin da ake kira Annunciation Monastery a Murom by masanan na Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. A cikin raminsa akwai jarumi na Rasha.

Gidan da ake binne su

A cikin yankin Mujallar Annunciation a Murom, har yanzu, an binne tsohuwar kaburbura: kabari na ɗaya daga cikin abbots na farko na gidan su, Archimandrite Alexis, a duniya na Andrei Polisadov, babban kakan mawaki mai suna Andrei Voznesensky, wanda ya ba da waka "Andrey Polisadov".

A ƙasan Majalisa mai Tsarki na Bayyanawa akwai wani shrine, wanda mahajjata sukan ziyarci shi - kabarin dattawa Apollonius. A yau, a kan jana'izarsa, an gina ɗakin sujada, inda mahajjata ke yin addu'a domin jin dadin tsohuwar dattawa. Sun tabbata cewa Apollonius yana sauraron su sosai, sabili da haka saboda haka ya cika hanzarin da aka ba shi.

Mujallar Annunciation a Murom: jadawalin sabis

Daily

• Farawar Midnight Camp shine 5.30.
• Adireshin sallar - 6.00.
• Maraice yana da 20.00.
• Addu'a don mafarki da zai zo - 20.40.

Talata

• Moleben tare da akathist zuwa Monk Lazar na Murom Miracle ma'aikacin - 12.40.

Jumma'a

• Moleben a gaban icon "Vsezaritsa" (game da wahalar) - 12.30.

Asabar

• Ranar tunawa (tunawa da matattu) - 10.00.
• Sabis na yamma shine a 16.00.

Lahadi

• Littafin littafi mai tsarki shine 9.30.
• Moleben ruwa - 12.30.

Dole ne a bayyana fasalin ayyukan Allah a lokacin bukukuwa a cikin Mujallan Mujallar Muromal. Wayar wayoyin sadarwa suna kan shafin yanar gizon. Muna fatan cewa idan ka gudanar da ziyarci wannan gidan muroman Murom, za ka samu gagarumin farin cikin tafiye-tafiye.