"Moskvich-2150", da SUV daga baya: bayani dalla-dalla, photos

Sananne ne cewa Tarayyar Soviet shi ne mai suna fadin kewayon motoci. Wannan shi ne saboda ba su da wani rashin ideas, da kuma tattalin arziki da kuma tsarin siyasa na jihar. Saboda haka, shi da aka ɓullo da wani yawan sananne ayyukan da ci-gaba ko sabon abu fasaha mafita ko kawai zamani da inji, amma mafi yawansu ba su ba a shigar da serial samar. Next, la'akari da daya daga wadannan motoci - "Moskvich-2150".

Features

Wannan inji shi ne wani samfur da ba a kawo har zuwa jerin samar. Yana da wani m fasinja hanya abin hawa tsara MZMA dangane baya prototypes da kuma samar da model.

labarin

A halin yanzu da mota factory sau da yawa yunkurin haifar da kashe-hanya inji. Duk da haka, babu wani daga cikin ayyukan ba tsiwirwirinsu nasara. A wadannan ne mai tarihi na ci gaban wadannan motocin.

"Moskvitch 410", 411

A shekarar 1957, a kan tushen da m model 402 da kuma 407 da aka tsara MZMA-dabaran-drive motoci "Moskvich-410" da kuma 411 a sedan da wagon bi da bi. Daga asali inji suka samu goyon bayan tsarin da jiki, wanda aka karfafa. Abu mai muhimmanci canja da shasi da powertrain. Bridges maye gurbinsu da more stringent m gaban dakatar - dogara, telescopic buga absorbers - liba, kafa da canja wurin da al'amarin. A sakamakon haka ne wani fasinja mota tare da wata ƙasa yarda na 220 mm, iya fording zurfin har zuwa 0.3 m. Wadannan inji aka kafa a cikin tsarin na wanda samu a lokacin da ci gaban shirin analogues dadi SUV, ya gabatar duk-dabaran drive fasinja model.

"Muscovite-410" da kuma 411 gasa da iskar gas-M72, tsara tare da wannan Lines. A sakamakon haka, da gwajin gagarumin ƙarara aka gano. Saboda haka, jiki juya a kira su m isa, da kuma canja wurin hali - unreliable. Bugu da kari, da mota da aka sosai m saboda m dakatar da wani m watsa. A karshe, mun nuna da rashin zaman lafiya da kuma wuya management. Wannan shi ne saboda incompatibilities na used raka'a. Zamani ji m, da kuma dogara ne a kan wannan da masu zanen MZMA ƙarasa da cewa ba shi yiwuwa ya haifar da duk-dabaran drive fasinja mota a kan wani misali shasi, ko da yake gas za su ci gaba da ci gaban wannan makirci.

"Moskvich-415", 416

Saboda haka, aka yanke shawarar ci gaba MZMA mutum shasi ga kashe-hanya abin hawa. Kuma a cikin wannan shekara da muke halitta "Moskvich-415". Daga baya prototypes ya sãɓã, da farko ta gaban spar frame, samar da kasa nauyi, kuma mafi girman ƙarfin da karko. PPC a hade tare da canja wurin hali. Dakatar da amfani a kan aikin 410. A tasowa da zane mayar da hankali a kan Willys. inji ne ma sosai kama a general ra'ayi: duka biyu ne m frame SUVs ga kara da Sauki zane. A Soviet ce ta fi amfani sassa na serial MZMA inji.

A shekarar 1960 ya gabatar da "Moskvich-416", featuring shida-seater gida layout (415 model wani hudu-seater) da rufaffiyar jiki. A kadan daga baya, lokacin da na fara motor maye gurbinsu da M-408. Duk da haka, duk da sosai nasara zane, wadannan motoci ba su samu mai tartsatsi ne. Wannan shi ne saboda dalilai uku. Na farko, da inji ba a kimanta da ma'aikatar masana'antu. Abu na biyu, da damar da shuka kasance cikakken wa lodi. Na uku, ya yi aiki a matsayin dalilin da dauke model na motoci 410 da kuma 411 da lokaci dauka daga samarwa, don haka da yin amfani da su details rasa riba.

"Moskvich-2148", 2150

Duk da haka, da "Moskvich-415" da kuma 416 a yi amfani da ci gaban mota "Moskvich-2150", da kuma 2148, sun sallamã, a 1973, inji halitta a cikin jihar aikin alatu m SUV ga mazauna kauyen, inda suka yi fafatawa a gasa iz-14 da kuma Vaz-2121. A sabon samfur motoci "Moskvich" (AZLK) kenan da samfurin a cikin 2140, wanda a lokacin da ake shirya domin samar. Total gina biyu motoci, daya tare da m rufin (2150), da sauran - tare da zane (2148). Daga prototypes 415 da kuma 416 "Moskvich-2150" da kuma 2148 samu spar firam, m aksali da kuma stiffer marẽmari, da sauransu. D. Saboda wannan, kawai AZLK gabatar SUV classic kayayyaki daga gasar. A engine dauki a kan "Moskvich-412", amma aka modified ta rage da matsawa rabo.

gwajin mota "Moskvich-2150" da aka gudanar. Test drive a cikin su ya nuna babban giciye. Duk da haka, shortcomings da aka gano da kuma yi.

A cikin wani hali, da taro samar na Vaz ya tafi tare da wani ya fi dadi, m kuma m zane. An yi imani da cewa AZLK aikin da aka ƙi ga dalilai na siyasa. Duk da haka, godiya ga gargajiya layout, wanda shi ne na samfur na mota "Moskvich", halayyar ta sojojin janyo hankali. Duk da haka AZLK ba su da albarkatun kasa tsayar da batun a 2150 da kuma 2148, saboda haka, ma'aikatar tsaron shirya zamanintar da reshe Kineshma ga shekara-shekara samar da 60 dubu. Irin wannan inji. Duk da haka, da aikin ba faru, kamar yadda aka ba a] en.

A shekara ta gaba bayan da farko na 2150 da kuma 2148 suka fara samar da wani SUV tare da m dakatar da sauran fasaha sababbin abubuwa. Duk da haka, da tsari da aka katse riga a shekarar 1975 dangane da mutuwar daya daga cikin designers, to kware a cikin SUV. A wannan aiki a kan wannan batu ( "Moskvich") AZLK juya.

Har na biyu da rabi na 80 ta. a cikin kamfanin sun kasance bada shawarwari ga Tarurrukan na aikin 2150 (2148), amma a lokacin da dukan albarkatun da shuka, kamar yadda ko da yaushe, sun kasance m.

A sakamakon haka, shi ya kasance 2 kofe na mota "Moskvich-2150". SUV na baya aka kiyaye su a duka biyu versions. Waɗancan sunã a cikin wata bege mota gidan kayan gargajiya. Kamar yadda na baya prototypes, daya da aka sani tsira "Moskvich-415S" da kuma wani jiki 415 na samfur mota "Moskvich". Photo 2150 gabatar sosai, alhãli kuwa sauran versions sun kasance mafi yawa Siyasa hotuna.

jiki

Abin hawa da aka wakilta, a uku-kofa jiki a cikin embodiments, da wuya da kuma taushi saman (rangadi da chaise bi da bi). Na biyu mota da aka sanye take da wani yi mashaya. Idan aka kwatanta da baya sake tsara prototypes. Dukansu motoci sun collapsible kofa iyawa da kuma footrests kasa kowane kofa. A wannan yanayin, da hinges sun waje. 2150 sanye take da zamiya windows (a 2148 akwai daya kawai yanki Gilashin motan). Kimiyyan gani da hasken wuta, fãce kewayon daga 412 model da lambar serial farantin haske daidaitacce, aro daga iskar gas-66. Wipers mayar da su cikin kasa na gilashi, sabanin baya prototypes motoci "Moskvich". Hotuna nuna bambance-bambance tsakanin versions. A dauke motoci biyu man fetur tankuna na 60 L a garesu na jiki da aka samu. Quite unusually sanya kayayyakin dabaran: raya ɓangare na gefen dama. Wannan ya yi ya rage wuya da yin amfani da mayar da kofa, kamar yadda shi na samar da damar ba kawai ga kaya daki, amma kuma a cikin tarayya, tare da shi ciki, kazalika don kauce wa ta sagging karkashin load daga ƙafafun.

Halittawa daga cikin envisaged aiki na abin hawa a wuya yankunan karkara yanayi inda N m sabis, don haka ta zane kokarin tabbatar da matuqar sauƙi da sauki. Saboda haka za mu yi kawai 6 lubrication maki.

Overall girma ne 3,615 m dogon, 1,626 m da fadi da kuma 1,85 m high. Wheelbase ne 2,27 m, waƙa da duka biyu da gatura -. 1,27 m karshe biyu sigogi aka ƙara idan aka kwatanta da lokacin da na fara shasi. Tsare nauyi - 1.05 ton.

Kamar yadda wani babban amfani kan fafatawa a gasa halittawa lura firmer kuma m mai firam tsarin da abin hawa "Muscovite-2150". Avtolegendy Tarayyar Soviet tsakanin SUVs, kamar Gaz-69, UAZ-469, kazalika da duniya takwarorinsu na lokacin, yana da irin wannan makirci. Vaz-2121 daga wannan ra'ayi shi ne mafi kyau mota.

Bugu da kari, designers sun mayar da hankali a kan yadda ya dace game da kayan domin samar da inji bukata 1/3 na yawan UAZ-469 karfe.

engine

Ya bambanta da model 415 da kuma 416, a kan "Moskvich-2150" a shigar engine M-412. Ya dan kadan modified, ragewan da matsawa rabo zuwa 7,25 don ba da damar yin amfani da 76 fetur a saura. Wannan 4-Silinda carburetor powerplant 1.5 lita da 2 bawuloli da Silinda tasowa a 75 l. wani. ikon a 5800 vol. / min da 111,8 nm na karfin juyi a 3800 Rev. / min.

Shaye tsarin da za'ayi tare da gefen dama na jirgin ruwa gefe. sanyaya tsarin maganin daskarewa ne m. A engine sanye take da fara preheater.

watsa

Vehicle sanye take da wani 4-gudun manual watsa.

Kamar yadda da baya ayyukan, da layout zauna da classic duk-dabaran drive, "Moskvich-2150" da aka alaka da gaban aksali. Don wannan karshen, a daya faru tare da watsa sanye take da wani 2-gudun canja hali. Domin ƙarin kayan aiki (winches, farashinsa, da sauransu. D.) Don bada izinin PTO gare ta. Bridges - uncut tare da cikakken iyo aksali shafts. Rear-zamewa bambanci yana da kyau kulle.

Fafatawa da wani cikakken drive makirci.

shasi

Undercarriage zane kusan canzawa aro daga samfur 415 da 416. Kawai ƙara waƙa kuma dabaran tushe don ya karu da kwanciyar hankali. Dukansu dakatar - on biyu a tsaye kusa da na elliptic leaf marẽmari. Sanye take da stabilizer sanduna.

Clearance ne 220 mm.

A tuƙi inji yana da wani matasan tsarin da tsutsa nadi tare da wata biyu tsefe.

Birki - drum a kan dukkan hudu ƙafafun.

15-inch ƙafafun aka ƙirƙira ƙafafun kuma kashe-hanya tayoyin. Saka a kan ball bearings, don haka da cewa juya a daban-daban kusurwa velocities.

Daidai da tsanani gargajiya kashe-gina hanya dakatar saboda gaskiyar cewa mota da aka halitta don amfani a wuya yanayi. Wannan shi ne babban bambancin daga fafatawa a gasa, da cewa suna da wani zaman kanta gaban dakatar.

ciki

The inji riqe 6 mutane. Haka kuma, hanya zuwa ga raya wuraren zama ta hanyar raya guda-leaf ƙõfõfi, kuma ta tailgate da footrest. A gaban kujeru da daya kawai a tsaye gyara. Rear gabatar biyu bencina located tare da allon. Wato, da layout aro daga "Moskvich-416", kuma an yi amfani da bude version na 2148. A gaban panel da wani m aminci abubuwa. Bugu da kari, da tuƙi shafi ya collapsible. Dama fadin daga cikin mota-saka rike.

The raya wuraren zama da biyu nadawa matashi fadada kaya sarari.

tuki yi

Iyakar gudu "Muscovite-2150", da kuma 2148 ne 105 km / hour (120 km / h a kan sauran data). Gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa suna tabbatar da don matsawa da daban-daban coatings (yashi, lãka, plowing) da kuma iya shawo kan hyundai zurfin 0.6 m. The man fetur hannun jari a 120 l rasa fiye da 500 km. The inji sun iya ja da wani trailer yin la'akari har zuwa 0,35 m.