Mista PMZ-640: na'urar, sabuntawa

RMZ-640 "Buran" shi ne a tura-Pull sanyi. Ya ƙunshi crank-jam'iyya watsi sanye take da wani carburetor. Ya ƙunshi wani biyu-Silinda engine.

Nada wani crank inji, wanda shi ne tushen da engine, shine sauya rectilinear reciprocating motsi na pistons cikin juyawa daga cikin crankshaft.

A cikin wannan labarin, kowane kaya abu za a aikata da dabam- dabam.

Crankshaft na'ura

Tripodal crankshaft 46 ya hada da wani gefen dama trunnions da trunnion 23 a gefen hagu kumatunta 8 ga crank fil da sakandare shafts 49, dangane da wanda aka kulla ta tura gwada tufafi. A yi uku ball bearings, wanda aka saka a kan tsakiyar shaft da kuma trunnion mujallolin matsayin inji goyon baya. Zobba ne a GROOVES na labyrinth-type cages daga waje bearings da like da aka tsara don tsara a layi load hõre ta a cikin dirka bearings na crankshaft.

Motsi sassa axially riƙe abutment bearings da nufin rikewa zobba. Su ne musamman da gidaje GROOVES. Shãfe haske a duk cikakkun bayanai bayar da helical yatsa spring.

cranks

engine a haɗa sanda hidima ga gamuwa da fistan ga crankshaft. Babban bangaren sashi ba shi da wani shugaban, located sama, da kuma crank shugaban located a kasa. Su a haɗa sanda da na-sashe.

engine a haɗa sanda ya hada da manya da ƙananan mutu bayar da ramukan. Sun saka allura bearings. Nuna alama radial rata ne daga 0,012 zuwa 0,024 mm. A rata da aka bayar da kasawa da diamita (dogara ne a kan daban-daban masu girma dabam na qazanta rollers, da fistan da crank fil). Bai daya akan kungiyoyin ƙunshi a kan shaft rabo a kasa da kai. Ramukan karkashin sanda, ne lubricated bearings.

fistan zobba

A halin yanzu engine tsarin, pistons. Su ne ba m. Suna saka a kan wani biyu daga fistan zobba, wadda ake bisa lalacewa-resistant Cast baƙin ƙarfe. A kewaye za a iya amfani da kulle zobe sashe a cikin siffar wani trapezoid da wani murabba'i mai dari.

A raya ɓangare na zobe yana mai thermal rata. Lokacin aiki, shi ne batun fadada ta dumama. Bayan hawa, da yarda diamita ga zobba da giciye sashe a cikin wani nau'i na trapezoid ne daga 0.40 zuwa 0,55 mm. Domin wannan size iya jerawa karshen sassa na castle.

Da rata tsakanin iyakar da GROOVES da zobe a lokacin da matsa zuwa wani darajar 76 mm a diamita ya zama daidai to 0.06-0.15 mm a cikin bangaranci siffar wani trapezoid da 0,080-0,115 mm - ga giciye sashe a cikin siffar wani murabba'i mai dari.

wani kulle zobe da aka sarrafa a wani babban zazzabi. Man da shiga cikin rata tsakanin zafi da kuma fistan zobe tsagi ne hõre coking. A wasu kalmomin, da samuwar sludge kuma shaida na dakata abubuwa da cewa yana sa mai danko zobba. Wannan inganta tabarbarewar fara yi da kuma rage naúrar ikon matakin

Idan ajiya bai zai iya cire a dace hanya, da na'urar za a iya lalace. Mai alama propensity ga overcooking daga cikin manya zobe. Mai danko yawanci jawo da zafi fiye da kima daga cikin engine idan aka ba'a, kazalika saboda gazawar da cylinders da zobba.

Dalilin da fistan fil

A fistan fil da aka yi amfani da a haɗa shi da hinges na fistan kuma a haɗa sanda. Bisa ga index of matsanancin diamita na fistan dari subdivided a biyu masu girma dabam. The kungiyar da aka alama fari ko baki a karshen wani ɓangare. Lokacin tattaro, yatsun aka zaba tare da wannan lakabi.

A tsarin da Silinda

Cylinders ba m. Tushe shirt da aka sanya daga aluminum, wanda aka guga man a cikin hannun riga na Cast baƙin ƙarfe. Domin tabbatar da zabe taro hada guda biyu hannun riga da fistan cylinders suna kerarre a uku masu girma dabam. Manuniya alama da haruffa "M", "C", "B". Suna amfani da feat. Irfan a kan belts Silinda flange located a ƙasa. Lokacin maye gurbin Silinda aka sanya wani bangare na wannan size.

A Silinda aka saka a kan ƙananan gidaje flange. A flange zubar daga sama da Silinda shugaban da aka shigar. Tsakanin Silinda kai da GASKET da aka aza asbestos. Lokacin da bulkhead taro da GASKET za a iya aiki a sake.

Jamsin na kasa flange na Silinda crankcase da reference jirgin sama ne compacted ta paronita. Kayyade kowane crankcase a kan Silinda da aka bayar tare da hudu fil.

The zane na Silinda shugabannin

Dalili na Silinda shugaban da aka sanya daga aluminum gami. A tushe na konewa jam'iyya shugaban sanye take da wani threaded rami don hawa da walƙiya toshe. Don kauce wa nakasawa daga cikin Silinda kai kuma, a cikin taron jama'a ingarma kwayoyi da za a tsaurara crosswise sau biyu. Da farko akwai wani pre-tightening, sa'an nan zuwa karshe 2.0-2.5 kgf-m.

An lura da cewa da farko dole ne a gyarawa goro shaye da yawa. Tightening da tightening kwayoyi da aka yi a kan wani sanyi na'ura.

crankcase

Carter taka rawar da manyan jiki na engine sassa. Yana kunshi sassa biyu, wanda aka sanya daga aluminum. Tsakanin wani rabin saka ta wajen studs ci da gumi da babba part. kwayoyi suna tsaurara da karfin juyi nuna alama a cikin 3.0-3.5 kg-m.

Dukansu sassa na casing da ake gittar da layi daya aiki kuma shi ne saboda haka ba m. Kowane Silinda kai ne lazimta da crankcase ta hanyar hudu dari, wanda ake ci da gumi a cikin thread na goyon bayan flange. Jirgin Saman connector kashi sealant rasa maki.

A iyakar da crankshaft, wanda mika daga crank jam'iyya, shãfe haske m cuffs. Kadaici crank bẽnãye yi tare labyrinth like saka a duka biyu na ƙyallen maƙalawa a tsakiyar hali.

Ta yaya ne sanyaya na engine?

A engine tsarin, a amfani, shugaban zazzabi nuna alama kamata ba zama ya fi 200 ° C.

Tun da kaho taro da aka rufe, da sanyaya iska gudana ta hanyar da raga kasa don kula da da ake so zazzabi matakin ne na al'ada. Don warware wannan matsala, da iska-sanyaya tsarin, kunsha na wani axial abun hura da kuma hurawa casing.

Dalili ne fan impeller, wanda aka Fitted a wani tsayayyen matsayi a kan platen. A yanayin da impeller aka saka a kan wani biyu daga ball bearings, wanda da biyu mai gefe hatimi. Su factory mai cike da aiki maiko.

A impeller aka sarrafa da taimako na V-bel daga tuki kura. Ya ne a haɗe zuwa uku studs. A ƙarshen nadi ne a kore kura, wadda ta ƙunshi wani biyu daga profiled woje polushkivnyh. Tightening kura kwayoyi cika karfin juyi 5-6 kgf-m.

Da gidaje da aka saka a kan hudu studs na flange da dama daga cikin crankcase. A mashiga ruwa na fan na'urar saka wa iska ci roba. A bel tashin hankali daukan wuri saboda transposition washers to daidaita, wanda suke tsakanin polushkivami.

A kokuwa kwana na rafi an gudun hijira daga cibiyar. Saboda haka, shi qara diamita na kore kura da bel tashin hankali. Lokacin amfani da engine dole ne kullum duba fan bel tashin hankali. A karkashin karfi tare da kudi na 4 ± 0,5 kgf nuna alama nadawa bel dole ne daidai 6-15 mm. Sosai rauni nuna alama tashin hankali Yanã bel slippage a high gudu. Rabuwarsa daga zafi da high tashin hankali Ganĩma impeller bearings. Akwai kamata ba za a yarda ingress na man shafawa a kan bel, kamar yadda wannan na taimaka wa ta hallaka da tsokana a matsalar aiki na samfur.

Ta yaya abinci tsarin?

Yana hada da wadannan abubuwa:

• man fetur tank.
• ci tace;
• tace sump.
• hannunka famfo don yin famfo.
• wani carburetor tare da wani famfon.
• iska purifier.

modernization

RMP-640 mota yana da babban ajiye ikon litrazhnoy. Idan muka yi da gina m crankcase yadda ya kamata saka gwiwa shaft support hali da kuma samar da gyara na engine tare da high quality kayan, ya kiyasta masana, wannan naúrar iya ba babu kasa da 62 lita. wani.

Mene ne ayyukan ƙara da ikon da na'urar?

Don ƙara ikon matakin da na'urar kamar wani kaya RMZ-640, shi ne shawarar da wani sashe daga cikin wadannan jan:

• Don gudanar da wani canji gwiwa shaft like zuwa wasu canji (riƙi daga omentum "Muscovite-412").
• Don samar da sabon shaƙewa akwatin tare da yin amfani da kayan D16T ko analogue daga gare ta.
• Rawar soja ƙarin tashoshi ga samun iska.
• An karin biyu daga matsakaici size bearings maimakon daya a kan gwiwarsa shaft tsakanin tsakiyar flywheels.
• Sa deflectors tsakanin cylinders da iska ya kwarara kanti.
• Daidaita fistan ga bambanci a nauyi ba fiye da 1,5 g
• Samar da thermal rufi ga shaye da yawa ta hanyar wani asbestos igiyar.
• Shigar cylinders a tsawo haka cewa gefen kanti da mashiga ruwa da tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Silinda zo daidai da gefuna da skirt da fistan kasa. Tun da iska sallama lokaci a kan duka cylinders daidaita.
• Dutsen da rawa tube tare da wani amo shãmaki.

Yadda za a inganta da ayyuka na crankcase?

A dalilin ne wani rauni daga cikin gidaje nakasawa rigidity da kuma manyan cantilever gwiwa shaft tsakanin uku da ginshiƙai. Wannan sa wani ƙara load a kan bearings, wanda ba tare da ta dace lubrication taimakawa wajen kara juriya, da kuma mirgina gogayya.

Wannan sakamako ne ya sa ta circlips qazanta gwiwa shaft kawar da a ce gidaje. A wannan yanayin, da bearings ba su da wata rata. Gwiwa shaft yana faɗaɗa lokacin da mai tsanani, da kuma yarda ba a so, duk da haka da hali wedges. Gwiwa shaft farawa zuwa overheat, kuma ba su iya ci gaba da ake bukata lokacinta. biyu daga bearings dole ne a shigar ga mafi kyau duka aiki na da cikakken bayani, da kuma shigar da mai hatimi tsakanin su.

Vibration shaft Consoles ba tare da bukatar lubrication na gwiwa sa wani blurring na shaft like. Zafi fiye da kima yana sa su a rufe. A sakamakon haka ne nasara da iska ta cikin gland shine yake da depletion na man fetur da kuma iska cakuda a cikin engine crankcase. A sakamakon zai zama dire - da fistan ƙone ko narke da kasa. Inji RMZ-640 jam.

Abin da za a iya yi don inganta hurawa?

Located raya don inganta hurawa Silinda, shigar ƙarin deflectors wanda ya samar da ta Silinda kowane hurawa sanyi iska kwarara. Silinda, located a gaban gefe, dimi raya. Ƙarin Tuddan igiyar daga shaye da yawa zuwa ga silicate asbestos m kuma samar da kasa da dumama da iska, kore ta a fan a kan cylinders.

Yadda za a magance matsalar rashin daidaituwa a cikin aikin da pistons?

Bambanci a cikin nauyi talakawan pistons 20 g sa ta kasa forethought taro sassa. Wannan rashin daidaituwa zama m cuta santsi da kuma barga aiki na engine, wanda ya haddasa high vibration matakan. Don shige da fistan nauyi ya kamata a cire daga ciki na skirt haddi karfe Layer, to daidaita girman da taga a kewaye Silinda skirt da windows (da za a kai su daidaituwa). Ya kamata yi Ƙididdigar radii a iyakar da windows, kazalika da disassembly chamfer 0.5 mm radius.

A muhimmanci irin rawa da gaskiya cewa santsi aiki na cylinders da engine vibration rage rinjayar da daidai tattaro da ci kuma shaye bulan na cakuda iska. Wannan ne yake aikata quite sauƙi. Wajibi ne a sa wani ƙarin GASKET karkashin Silinda wanda shi ne a kan kasa. Ba zai zama da kyau idan kasa na fistan aligns da ƙananan gefen Silinda a kanti taga. An shawarar ka shigar da rawa tube da kuma zanen wuya.

Bayan yin carburetor sabawa da kuma aiwatar da wasu inganta a Electronics da ƙonewa, za ka sami naúrar, wanda aikin zai zama barga, uniform da kuma tattali da man amfani. Nuni da yawan zafin jiki a iyakar rpm karkashin kyandir Silinda shirya bayan fluctuates repartitions 190 ° C. Yawa gwiwa shaft taro a lokacin takeoff bangaren ne daga 4700 Rev / min zuwa 5200 Rev / min.

Yadda za a yi inganta a filin na lantarki da kuma ƙonewa?

• Sukurori fastening faranti na baƙin ƙarfe magdino maganadiso ya kamata a yi da tagulla. Kayyade su yana da daban-daban AMINCI. A cikin hali na weakening akalla daya kananan propeller naúrar za ma kasa.
• Daidaita magdino dole ne na high quality. An samar da bayan da ma'aikata saitin, kamar yadda ya inganta mafi kyau duka vibration. Good daidaita bukatar da fan hurawa.
• A nada kamata a hõre soldering. Sukurori su da za a yi na bakin karfe, ko rufi da wani oxide. Kafin su ta dõmin karkatarwa da famfo shi ne shawarar inganta jihar na thread a ajali kashi magdino. A taps ne sosai ƙura. Wannan ne hanyar matalauta grounding. Kaddamarda lamba dari coils fastening sukurori ma bukatar soldering.
• Bayan screwing da coils da tushe magdino duk filin da lambobi da abincin sojoji dole ne a rufe sealant.
• Shawarar samu ƙarin waya ga grounding da ƙonewa nada a karkashin kyandirori.
• High-ƙarfin lantarki wayoyi ba riƙi daga tsohon mota. Alal misali, a dace walƙiya NGK jerin.
• A ƙonewa kamata a aiwatar a kan factory lakabin. Fastening kusoshi dole ne da aka ninka aminci ƙonewa kwana.
• Idan "Buran" ƙara engine zane da kaya reducer watsa rabo daga 2.2-2.6 m da kuma gaba da naúrar biyu-bladed propeller 1.65-1.8 m ko 1.45-1.6 m trilobate model, yana yiwuwa ya samun ingancin gogayya ne barga.

Gyara na asali na'urar

Original raka'a RMZ-640 cushe da pistons da fistan zobba, kerarre a Jamhuriyar Czech. Allura bearings suna samuwa a Japan. The karya ne naúrar RMZ-640 sassa aka sanya a kasar Sin. Irin wannan naúrar ba wani babban mataki na aiki.

Hakika, da samun da engine "Buran", yana da wuya a ga yadda za ta dabarar da aka taru, shi ne shawarar ka kula da wadannan:

• A engine, kerarre a factory, sufuri zuwa dillalai da kuma shagunan a cikin na asali kwali akwatin tare da "RM" logo.
• A marufi dole ne alama da kamfanin logo, dauke da lambar serial na naúra.
• Don da na'urar datasheet dole ne a haɗe. Number wajabta a cikinsa, dole ne daidaita da lambar na'urar da kanta.
• "Buran 640" ya ƙunshi tambura convex jiki "RM". Brand sunayen za a iya gani a kan recoil Starter gidaje ko fan gidaje.
• Kula da tushe, located a karkashin mota. Raka'a RMZ-640, wanda aka sanya bayan watan Fabrairu 2013, wannan abu da aka janye.

Matsalolin a lokacin engine aiki

Naúrar an tsara musamman domin snowmobile, ya mallaki fiye da mataki na aiki. Wannan labarin ya tattauna da babban halaye na engine RMZ-640.

A halin yanzu, aiki matsayi na aggregates, abin da suke a aiki, bayar da sayan sassa da kuma gyara hannuwansu. A babban drawback, complicating da yin amfani da wannan na'urar za a iya daukarsa a matsayin kasawa da kayayyakin gyara. Sun ƙara da yafi a Rybinsk, a matsayin gearbox ake amfani da su a snowmobile "Buran". Har ila yau, wani babban tsallake ne da cewa shi aka ba da aka buga musamman adabi a kan amfani, gyara da kiyaye kayayyakin.

Amfani da naúrar a kananan jiragen sama

A modified zane na na'ura "Buran RMZ-640" da aka yi amfani da ko'ina a cikin kananan jiragen sama. Mutane da yawa magoya zama "akwatin" RMZ a kan kayayyakin gyara. Kudinsa sau bakwai maras tsada fiye da mai kwazo reducer "Buran-iska." A low cost ne babban dalilin da yin amfani da tsarin 640-RMZ.

Hakika, da matakin da taro da haɓaka ya dogara da mutum damar iya yin komai, amma da yin amfani da na'ura a cikin iska ne ba tabbatacce Trend. Yana take kaiwa zuwa komawa da baya daga cikin batun kafa musamman kayan aiki ga jirgin tare da wani m farashin.

Poor kuma kada ku bi wasu sharudda sufurin jiragen sama buffs ba zai yi amfani da musamman engine muddin akwai damar da za su tattara analogue a wata low price.