Minsk castle tarihi

Ming kulle - a USAID, alama farkon zamani, babban birnin kasar Belarus. Abin baƙin ciki, ya ba su tsira, amma a tarihi takardun za a iya samu kafa na records da bayanin. Su ba da wani ra'ayin na bayyanar da kuma abubuwan da suka faru cikin ganuwar, kazalika da waje su.

tushe

Minsk castle aka gina a cikin biyu da rabi na 11th karni a mahaɗar tsakãninsu kõguna Svisloch da Nemiga. Manufar ƙarfafa harsashin ya kasance cikin kariya daga kudancin kan iyakar da sarauta daga Polotsk. Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa umurnin da kulle shafin, m zo daga Vseslava Bryachislavicha, da ake kira mai sihiri. Wannan sananne zuriyar Rurik, wanda ya yi mulki da sarauta daga Polotsk ne a kan 57 years old, da ake bukata a sansanin soja da ya kare dukiyarsa da cinikayya hanyoyi zuwa yankin kudu da yamma.

Battle a kan Nemiga

A farko ambaci sansanin soja Minsk, wajen Menesk yana kunshe ne a cikin shahararrun "Tale of bygone Years". Akwai rikodin cewa a 1067 'ya'yan Yaroslava Mudrogo, wanda ya yi mulki a Kiev, ya zo da soja a ganuwar ta. Municipal bẽne, ki bude kofa, amma da jama'a na Minsk juriya ya zarar karye. Brothers Yaroslaviches kama da halaka birnin, sa'an nan ya zo da ceto sojojin ci Vseslava Bryachislavicha a yaƙi a kan Nemiga kogin.

A 12th karni

A 1101, bayan da tsohon yarima ta mutuwa, gãje raba da dũkiyarku da mahaifinsa. A sakamakon haka, Menesk zo a karkashin management Gleba Vseslavicha wanda ya ayyana birnin da babban birnin kasar na su raba sarauta. Tare da sabon matsayi da kuma wani m ɓangaren da garin suka fara samar hanzari.

Riga ta 1104 da Minsk castle ya sake zama iko isa ya karfafa da kuma msa a kewaye da sojojin karkashin umurnin da Kiev Putyata mahukunta, wanda aka tare da Prince Yaroslav Vladimirovich da Oleg Svyatoslavich. Bayan shekaru 12, game da 2 watanni na kokarin kama da castle da Vladimir Monomakh, wanda, duk da haka, yana da koma baya, yin aikin banza ne da hari.

The biyu da rabi na 12th karni a ƙasar da a yau suke cikin ƙasa na zamani Belarus da aka alama ta jini internecine yaƙe-yaƙe. Su Kingibe a Polotsk prince Rogvolod Borisovich. Kiyaye rubuta shaida cewa dakarun unsuccessfully kewaye da castle Minsk a 1159, 1160 da kuma 1161, bi da bi.

A 13-16 ƙarni

Oddly isa, kusan babu rikodin na abin da ya faru a cikin Minsk castle da kewaye tun farkon 1200s kuma har tsakiyar 1320 ta. Daya iya kawai zaton cewa saboda da Mongol mamayewa, da hare-hare na Golden taro da kuma rushewar Tsohon Rasha jihar sarauta da aka ƙwarai raunana da kuma fara neman goyon baya daga Lithuania da aka samun tasiri. Wannan ne evidenced da wani shigarwa a cikin wani daftarin aiki kwanan rana 1324 shekara. Bayan 120 shekaru na Grand Duke na Lithuania Casimir hudu Minsk shatan bã galihu birane. Daga baya, a lokacin da dansa, da ya samu da Magdeburg Law. Saboda haka, da zamani , babban birnin kasar Belarus samu wani par da yawa da suka shahara biranen na da Turai. A wannan lokacin, da tabbatarwa daga cikin castle fara da za a caje musamman kudade da kuma haraji, da kuma an dauke shi a siyasa, soji da kuma cibiyar al'adu na yankin, kazalika da da mazaunin sarakuna da mahukunta. Bugu da kari, har ƙarshen 15th karni sansanin soja da soja muhimmanci.

16th karni

A 1505 a taro na Crimean Khan Giray Makhmet zo da ganuwar da castle na Minsk. An sani cewa kare birnin kafin yakin kare da salla sabis a cikin coci na castle, amma shi ya ƙare tare da shan kashi na kare. Tatars lalatar Minsk da sata kama dubban mata da maza da yara. A daidai wannan lokaci da castle ya impregnable.

A 1547 mai girma masĩfa a cikin wani nau'i na tsanani wuta kusan halaka Minsk. Castle (photo da zane sanya a kan sakamakon archaeological tono cm. Sama) da aka partially ƙone. a kan ta maido aikin da aka za'ayi sosai a hankali da kuma arancinsu. Ya zarar rasa da muhimmancin, aka yi watsi da fara deteriorate.

m tarihi

Abin baƙin ciki, a yau da castle Minsk a Minsk, don su bincika zai yiwu. Idan da karshen 18 - farkon 19th ƙarni kasance har yanzu a bayyane maginin kusurwoyi, da ta riga shi fiye da shekaru 100 da haihuwa ba za a iya samu ko da su. An sani cewa a 'yan shekarun da hukumomi na Minsk sun tsare-tsaren da maimaitawa na wannan zamanin da sansanin soja. An zaci cewa a kan tushen tsira kwatancin na castle coci za a mayar da, da kuma a kan bankunan na Svisloch, tsakanin tashar jirgin karkashin kasa da kuma wani marmaro a gaban Palace of Sports, sabon hadaddun za a gina. An shirya cewa za a hada da ƙananan kasuwa, cikin karkashin kasa gidan kayan gargajiya, da kuma manyan kasa-tushen layout, wanda shi ne wani ɓaɓɓake daga wani tsoho 12th karni Minsk. Kamar haka wajibi ne a rushe dakin motsa jiki "Aldaba reserves", located a Prospect Nasara, 2.

Description na castle

Mai shaida game da bayyanar da zane fasali na sansanin soja zauna a cikin takardun da 18th karni. A musamman, an san cewa a arewa, yamma da kuma kudu-maso-yammacin gefen sansani yankin da aka swampy, wanda tabbatar da gina kyau defenses. A wannan manufa da aka ciyar da kuma wucin gadi cika katako shaft. Ya yarda bude wuta daga loopholes a cikin birni da ganuwa kewaye. Da farko shaft a dakali yana da nisa daga 14 m a tushe, amma daga baya da shi da aka fadada 22-25 m da aka dogara kare Minsk. Castle (Address: Area Square a kan Maris 8), ko fiye da daidai, da ganuwar da wani tsawo na 5 mita da kuma tare da shaft - 13 m tsaron gida duniya embankment da biyu hutu - a arewa da kuma kudu .. Ta hanyar su shige cikin Great Street. Shigarwa cikin ƙasa na sansanin soja da aka a hannu daya da kariyar tsinkaya daga cikin shaft, wanda a yarda fire a kan abokan gaba daga sãshinansu da bãyayyakinsu, idan yana so ya karya ta ƙofofin.

A tono shi aka ƙaddara cewa kulle yanki da aka sharewa katako dabe da aka raba tsakanin mutum kadarori, wanda aka rufe da makarai, daban-daban gina-up Tsarin.

Yanzu ka san yadda za a Minsk da aka kafa. Castle (inda, sama.) A cikin hali na sake raya iya zama daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan jan hankali na birnin na Belarus, saboda haka bari mu fatan cewa nan da sannu wannan tarihi ginin za a iya gani a duk da daukaka.