MI-17: Bayani dalla-dalla da kuma hotuna

Lokacin da baya a XV karni, mai m kirkiro da artist Leonardo Vinci halitta ya zane na jirgin sama, ya da wani ra'ayin yadda wuce na zamaninsa. Kawai a cikin karni na ashirin. Yana bayyana da farko aiki inji, ta amfani da manufa mai girma Italian.

A Brief History na helikofta

A farko-gwajen a kan yi samfurin yanzu helikofta faru a farkon karni na ashirin, a lokacin da fetur engine da damar isa ga tabbatar da daga cikin manyan na'ura mai juyi. Rasha zanen kaya suna daga cikin majagaba na helikofta: Igor Sikorsky (halitta biyu aiki model) da kuma Boris Yuryev (ƙirƙira skew dunƙule inji). A farkon yakin duniya na II spurred bincike a cikin jirgin, da kuma a cikin 40s na farko samarwa model na jirage masu saukar ungulu aka halicce su. Kusan nan da nan, da sabon jirgin sama ne sha'awar yaki, amma Amurka yaki a Vietnam da cikakken saukar da fama yuwuwar na jirage masu saukar ungulu.

almara "takwas" Haihuwa

Tarayyar Soviet kokarin ci gaba har wani m abokin gaba, a cikin halittar jirage masu saukar ungulu, don haka da biyu zane ofisoshin aka kafa, Kamov da Mil, masu tasowa, rotorcraft. Aviation masoya san cewa wadannan jirgin sama designers amfani da daban-daban na makirci ga su motoci. Idan Kamova jirage masu saukar ungulu guda biyu coaxial sukurori juyawa a gaban shugabanci zumunta ga juna, Mil inji kafin a juya wutsiya na'ura mai juyi da ake amfani. Bisa ga fasaha da bukatun, da ci gaba da Mi-8 da aka shirya kamar yadda na zamanintar da babban Soviet Air Force helikofta MI-4, kuma ya fara a cikin shekara ta 1959. Amma da zanen ya iya, tare da goyon bayan N. S. Hruscheva, to nace a kan halittar kusan sabon na'ura. Kamar wancan ne aka haife almara "takwas" - mafi tartsatsi da mafi recognizable Soviet saukar ungulu. A ta da asali a can sun kasance yawa versions, wasu daga cikinsu suna da inji lantarki yaƙi, asiri har sai yanzu.

Gyara domin fitarwa

Saboda gaskiya cewa "takwas" sosai da sauri ya zama m ba kawai a cikin Tarayyar Soviet amma kuma sha'awar waje masõya, an yanke shawarar ya halicci na musamman canji na jirgi mai saukar ungulu domin ceto zuwa kasashen waje kasuwanni. Idan muka kwatanta da Mi-8 da kuma Mi-17, wato wani index samu fitarwa na'ura, shi nan da nan ya kama da ido na helikofta Babban bambancin: wutsiya na'ura mai juyi a kan wutsiya albarku ne located a kan hagu (a Mi-8 - a dama). An kuma envisaged gyara ga tsarin da goma sha bakwai, kamar yadda ake bukata wani musamman sadarwarka. Mi-17 da aka samar a Kazan kuma Ulan Ude.

zane

Fasali, da Mi-8 da kuma Mi-17 su ne ainihin wannan model. Babban bambancin shi ne, a cikin wutsiya na'ura mai juyi ta wuri, ta shugabanci na juyawa da kuma truncated gondolas powertrains. Ball dunƙule sanye take da vibration damper, da ruwan wukake an sanya na fiberglass. A Mi-17 da aka sanye take da biyu gas injin turbin ikon shuka damar 1,400 kW. A taron na gazawar da daya naúrar, yana yiwuwa a ci gaba da jirgin a kan sauran engine. A reducer VR-14 da aka yi amfani da matsayin watsa. A Mi-17 yayi amfani da kayan aiki da samar da piloting a m yanayin yanayi da kuma da dare, da kuma a kan soja gyare-gyare - naúrar ejection zafi flares da ƙaiƙayi. Kamar yadda makamai amfani GSH-gun 23 da kuma wani nauyi na'ura gun. Shi ne kuma zai yiwu su sanya wani iri-iri na yaki da kafuwa a kan wani waje majajjawa.

A Mi-17: Bayani dalla-dalla

Ikon engine helikofta 2h1400 kW na'ura mai juyi diamita na 21,29 m, gudun: max - 250 km / h, cruising - 240 km / h, range - 465 kilomita. Kamar yadda zamu iya gani, daga Mi-17 halaye ne a wani babban matakin da ba fada baya a kan sigogi na more zamani inji.

Major gyare-gyare

Tun shekarar 1981, a lokacin da Mi-17 helikofta samu ya tashi a cikin rayuwa, shi ya fito da wani babban yawan gyare-gyare, duka a yakin da kuma soja bambance-bambancen karatu. Ka yi la'akari da wasu daga cikinsu. Mi-17P da aka tsara don sufuri na fasinjoji, akwai wani version of ta "Salon" wanda ake amfani da VIP-rãyukansu ba. A ceto mai saukar ungulu Mi-17, wanda aka nuna a cikin photo takarda yana da wani index of M sanye take da wani albarku da kuma wani winch jirgin searchlight samun abubuwa a cikin dare. Mi-17-1B - kai na'ura tare da high engine ikon da kuma dauke da iya aiki. Daga cikin abubuwan, shi ne ma aka yi nufi ga landings. A wannan yanayin, da waje kaya da aka saita daidaitattun makamai.

zamani versions

zamanintar da Mi-17 da aka samar a cikin marigayi 80-ies na XX karni, wanda aka bayar a karkashin alama ce Mi-171. A karkashi da aka ɓullo da tashi asibiti Mi-171VA sanye take aiki dakin. Yana da aka yi nufi ga samar da gaggawa likita taimako da kuma fitarwa na da suka ji rauni daga m yankunan. Ni-172 - jirgi mai saukar ungulu domin kai fasinjoji da sabon karin damar powerplant. A kan tushen da Mi-17 kuma Ya halitta a tashi "muhalli dakin gwaje-gwaje", wanda aka tsara domin saka idanu da yanayi. Helikofta sanye take da na'ura na ji da ƙasa ta surface da kuma yanayi, radiological monitoring da kuma bincike na muhalli matsayi yankin. Wuta version aka tsara don localize da kuma kawar da hearth wuta a m, kuma m yankunan, da kuma a cikin dazuzzuka. Na'ura sanye take da lambatu total girma na 2 cubic mita. Wadannan gyare-gyare da helikofta - da Mi-17PL - a jammer da phased tsararru antennas. An tsara don kashe radars kuma anti-jirgin sama da makami mai linzami tsarin, rushewa daga maƙiyi iska tsaro tsarin. A tsarin ba ka damar zabi mafi m irin tsangwama ga takamaiman kafofin rediyo watsi. A Mi-17MD - kyautata Mi-17 helikofta (Photo inganta contours na gaba fuselage aka wakilta a cikin labarin). Ga azumi loading da Ana saukewa na paratroopers an karu zuwa 1.25 mita zamiya kofa taron a kan tashar jiragen ruwa gefe. Bayar, a harka na gaggawa saukowa a kan ruwa, rike da buoyancy tsarin kunshi hudu ballonets wanda suna cike da gas ga rabin minti daya da kuma kiyaye saukar ungulu da ninkaya zuwa talatin seconds. The saukar ungulu za a iya sanye take da ƙarin kayan aiki da kuma tankuna.

babban aiki

Daga farkon ta samar, da Mi-17 jirage masu saukar ungulu yi tsiwirwirinsu m shahararsa a sassa daban daban na duniya. Kuma ko da a yanzu, mafificin ta talatin da ranar tunawa, wadannan inji an mamaya sama kusan ɗari. Kasashe da bauta wa United Nations. Su za a iya samu a kowace nahiyar, daga sanyi na Antarctica da zafi na Afirka. Jirage masu saukar ungulu zõ da wani iri-iri na isar da kayayyaki, da fasinjoji, bice gobara da kuma fitad da rauni, yãƙi. A mafi yawa rundunar Mi-17 nasa ne Rasha da kuma tsohon Tarayyar Soviet kasashen. za a iya gano India, Iraq, Afghanistan, Venezuela, da Cuba, Nicaragua, Sudan da kuma Turkey daga} asashen waje da yin amfani da wadannan inji a biyu da farar hula da kuma a cikin soja Sphere. Ina musamman son amince da jirgin sama a Iraki da kuma Afghanistan. Don cika ta Pentagon kammala tare da "Rosoboronexport" kwangila samar daruruwan jirage masu saukar ungulu Mi-17 domin. United States, wanda da sosai m jirgin sama masana'antu, gane cewa a Rasha saukar ungulu mafi cikakken saba da aiki a high tsawo da kuma hamada, abin dogara da kuma undemanding tabbatarwa. Bisa ga wadannan kayayyaki ko da wani rikici tsakanin US Army da kuma US 'yan majalisar dokokin: The Pentagon ya bukaci cewa takunkumi kallafaffen da Rasha ba shafi kwangila ga jirage masu saukar ungulu Mi-17. Har ila yau ban sha'awa shi ne gaskiya cewa don amfani a cikin rundunar 'yan sandan Mi-17 zaba kasashe irin su Romania, Sudan, Turkiyya da kuma Koriya ta Kudu. Bisa ta gabatar ba, za mu iya cewa a kan wannan nasara da motoci a matsayin Mi-8 - 17, da wani ƙarfi a lokacin da kanta, da kuma ko da ya kasance fiye da shekaru 50 tun da farko jirage masu saukar ungulu da wannan model dauki kashe, wannan mota ne har yanzu bukatar da yake mai kyau hanya domin kara zamani.