Mene ne wani tari na taurari?

Gaskiyar cewa akwai sauran taurari, Masana ilmin san a farkon na XX karni. Duk da cewa da farko na bude taurari da aka riga aka sani zuwa masana kimiyya, da farko suka kira nebulae, riqon da su ga galaxy - da Milky Way. Masana kimiyya zaci cewa wadannan nebulae iya zama mai raba star tsarin. Duk da haka, irin wannan jarrabawa ba tenable daga kimiyya duniya. Kuma haka dai aka halitta saboda da ajizanci na fasaha don kallo.

nazarin taurari

A 1922, falakin Ernst Estonia Epic iya lissafi da m nesa da ya raba da hasken rana tsarin daga Andromeda nebula. A data cewa an falakin, up 0.6 daga Figures samuwa ga masana kimiyya a yanzu - kuma wannan shi ne ma fi m lissafi fiye da na Hubble. Edvin Habbl kansa a 1924 ya dauki mafi babban yayin da kawo nesa kusa. Its diamita ya 254 cm. Hubble kuma sanya yin lissafi da nesa Andromeda. Yanzu masana kimiyya da karin m data, wanda shi ne sau uku kasa dauka ta Hubble - amma har yanzu, wannan nesa ne don haka mai girma cewa nebula ba zai iya zama wani ɓangare na mu galaxy. Saboda Andromeda ne na farko galaxy ware.

gungu na taurari

Hakazalika zuwa taurari, taurari samar da kungiyoyin na sãɓãwar launukansa ƙarfi. A wannan yanayin, a dukiya bayyana su da yawa mafi girma har fiye da taurari. Mafi yawa daga cikin taurari ma ba su da jari daga sassa, forming ɓangare na janar filin na mu galaxy. Group of yawan taurari, wanda ya hada da Milky Way (gida galaxy) yana 40 taurari. Irin wannan ra'ayoyi ne sosai na kowa a cikin sararin samaniya.

Group of taurari da suke da samuwa ga monitoring

A wasu bangare na wani tari na taurari da ake kira "Metagalaxy" - shi za a iya lura da astronomical hanyoyin. A Metagalaxy abun da ke ciki ya hada da game da biliyan daya yawan taurari, wanda kallo ne samuwa ta hanyar nesa. A Milky Way ne daya daga cikin gagarumi tsarin, wanda shi ne wani ɓangare na Metagalaxy. Our galaxy da kuma ma game 1.5 dozin taurari wani bangare ne galactic kungiyar da ake kira gida kungiyar na taurari.

Damar gano Metagalaxy bayyana, yafi a cikin marigayi karni na ashirin. Masana ilmin gano cewa, a cikin intergalactic sarari located m da electromagnetic radiation, mutum taurari da kuma intergalactic gas. Godiya ga kimiyya ci gaba sanya yiwu ga karatu daban-daban na taurari - quasars, rediyo taurari.

Properties Metagalaxy

Wani lokaci Masana ilmin so ka kira Metagalaxy "Great Universe". Tare da ci gaba na fasaha da kuma nesa duk mafi yawansu shi ne samuwa ga kallo. Masana ilmin yi imani da cewa Milky Way da kuma na gaba 10-15 taurari ne membobin wani galaxy tari. A Metagalaxy sosai na kowa galactic gungu, girman wanda yake daga 10 zuwa dama dozin members. Irin wadannan kungiyoyi suna da wuya a iya rarrabe Masana ilmin a manyan nisa. Dalilin shi ne cewa Dwarf taurari ba su da samuwa ga kallo, kuma gigantic a cikin wadannan kungiyoyin, kamar yadda mai mulkin, kawai 'yan.

A cewar Einstein ta ka'idar dangantakar, manyan talakawa iya tanƙwara da sarari a kusa da shi. Saboda haka, matsayin Euclidean lissafi a cikin wannan sarari ba hadu. Kawai a kan wata babbar sikelin Metagalaxy iya ganin bambanci tsakanin biyu kimiyya fuskanci - Newtonian makanikai da Einstein. A Metagalaxy kuma aiki wani da ake kira ja shift dokar. Wannan yana nufin cewa dukan waɗanda suke kewaye da mu taurari suna motsi a cikin daban-daban kwatance. Kuma da m suna cire, da girma shi ne su gudu.

Nau'in na taurari fom

Galactic gungu za a iya warwatse, ko da wani mai siffar zobe siffar. Abun da ke ciki na iya hada dama ko ma dubban taurari. A kusa da mu galaxy dake a cikin ƙungiyar taurari Virgo, da kuma cire wani nesa miliyan 10 parsecs. Gungu na taurari, da ake kira da hakkin ya sami wani mai siffar zobe siffar. Su bijiro da batun kafa taurari ayan da za a mayar da hankali a guda batu - tsakiyar galaxy tari. M tari riga da high yawa na taurari, amma a cikin cibiyar ya kai a kalla taro. Duk da haka, akwai a dama yawa da kuma bambance-bambance bayyana, yafi a su yawa da kuma lambar daban na memba taurari.

Yawan taurari da most yawa

Alal misali, wani rukuni na taurari coma manyan yawan daban-daban aka gyara, da kuma taurari, wani ɓangare na Pegasus - yawa. Shi ne musamman high a tsakiyar yankin na Pegasus. Akwai yawa kai 2 da dubu. Taurari a 1 cubic Mpc. Nan Kusa taurari kusan shãfi jũna, kuma su yawa ne kusan dubu 40 sau fi da yawa a cikin Metagalaxy. Haka kuma an halin da high yawa daga kungiyoyin na taurari Arewa Crown.

Ina da taurari nunawa?

Duk da yake masana kimiyya ba zai iya bayar da wani daidai amsar wannan tambaya. Duk da haka, da Big Bang Theory, da farkon duniya da aka cika da hydrogen da helium. Daga wannan girgije ƙarƙashin rinjayar duhu al'amari (da kuma, baya, da gravitational dakarun) ya fara da nunawa na farko taurari da kuma star gungu.

Lokacin da sararin samaniya zo na farko taurari?

A cewar wasu Masana ilmin, da tauraron nan ya bayyana sosai a farkon - bayan miliyan 30 bayan shekara da Big Bang .. Sauran su ne hakikance cewa, wannan adadi ne da miliyan 100. Years. Nazarin yin amfani da fasahar zamani, na nuna cewa da haske kafa a lokaci guda da 'yan guda - sau da yawa wannan adadin ya kai har zuwa daruruwan. Wannan aka yuwuwa ta gravitational sojojin influencing da gas cika sararin samaniya. Gas girgije swirled cikin fayafai, kuma sũ, a hankali kafa hatimi, sa'an nan ya zama star. A cikin matasa duniya na farko taurari kasance, haƙĩƙa, gigantic rabbai - domin suna da wani yawa "gini tubalan".

The most tari na taurari, ya gano da ilmin Taurari, kira SPT-CL J0546-5345. Its taro ne kusan daidai da nauyi na 800 tiriliyan Suns. Gano giant galaxy, masana kimiyya sun iya amfani da astronomical Sunyaev-Zeldovich sakamako - shi ya ta'allaka ne da cewa obin na lantarki radiation zafin jiki saukad lokacin da shi interacts tare da giant abubuwa a duniya. Wannan tari ta'allaka ne game da 7 biliyan. Lightyears. A wasu kalmomin, Masana ilmin kiyaye shi da abin da ya kasance 7 biliyan years ago -. Kuma wannan shi ne ta hanyar da 6.7 biliyan shekaru bayan da Big Bang ..

A yanzu kai na duniya da aka gano duk da haka wani tari na taurari, forming wani zama ruwan dare sarari tsarin - ACT-CL J0102-4915. Wannan babbar kungiyar na taurari, Taurari sun lakabi El Gordo, wanda aka fassara daga Spanish nufin "mai." Its nesa daga Earth - 9.7 biliyan haske-shekara .. A taro na wannan band ya wuce da taro na Sun. yawan taurari a miliyan 3 biliyan.

coma

Coma Cluster - shi ne daya daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa kungiyoyin na galactic Metagalaxy. Ya kunshi da dubban taurari. Suna located 'yan xari miliyan haske-shekara daga Milky Way. Mafi yawan taurari ne elliptical. Coma Berenices ba daban-daban haske taurari - ko da alpha-kira tiaras kananan. A wannan ƙungiyar taurari za a iya gani faintly luminous tari "coma" taurari, wanda aka fassara daga Latin yana nufin "gashi." Ancient Greek masanin kimiyya Eratosthenes kira wannan tari na "Ariadne ta Hair". Talomi kuma ya shafi abun da ke ciki na ta star tari Leo.

Daya daga cikin mafi kyau masaukai na taurari - NGC 4565, ko da "Igla". A surface na duniya tamu ne a bayyane daga hakarkarinsa. An ayi a miliyan 30. Light-shekara daga rana. A galaxy diamita na fiye da dubu 100. Light shekaru. A coma akwai biyu hulda taurari - NGC 4676, ko, kamar yadda suka kira wannan kungiyar "Mice". Su suna cire daga ƙasa a nesa na miliyan 300. Lightyears. Nazarin ya nuna cewa wadannan taurari ya taba wuce ta juna. Masana kimiyya bayar da shawarar cewa "beraye" za a tsayar fiye da sau daya, idan dai ba juya zuwa wani galaxy.