Marubuci Veresaev Vikentiy Vikentevich: biography, jerin littattafan, musamman art da kuma sake dubawa

Rasha marubuci Veresaev Vikentiy Vikentevich (Smidovich) shi ya mamaye musamman wuri a cikin galaxy na Rasha litattafan marubuta. Yau, ya aka rasa a cikin bango daga cikin fitattun Sahaban L. N. Tolstogo, Saltykov-Shchedrin, Chekhov, Gorky, Bunin, Sholokhov, amma ya na da nasa salon, ya mafi cancanta ga Rasha adabi da kuma mai yawan m ayyukansu.

Family da kuma ƙananan yara,

Haifi Veresaev Vikentiy Vikentevich, wanda biography aka hade da biyu munanan halaye: likita da kuma marubuci, Janairu 4, 1867 a Tula. The iyali na gaba marubuci ya mai yawa abubuwa ne gauraye kasashe. Iyaye uwaye sun Mirgorodsky Ukrainian da Girkanci, ta uba iyali sun Jamusawa da Dogayen sanda. A Generic sunan marubuci - Smidovich, mallakar zamanin d Yaren mutanen Poland daraja iyali. Mahaifinsa likita, ya kafa na farko asibiti a Tula birni, qaddamar da kafa da tsafta hukumar a birnin tsaya a asalin Tula jama'a na likitoci. Vincent mahaifiyar wani sosai ilimi noblewoman, ta kasance ta farko a cikin birnin bude a gidansa kindergarten sa'an nan yan makaranta. The iyali da 11 yara, uku mutu a cikin shimfiɗar jariri. Duk da yara aka ba su da wani inganci da ilimi a cikin gida ne kullum ziyarci da wakilan da na gida kawo dukkan, sun tattaunawa game da art na siyasa, da rabo daga cikin kasar. A wannan yanayi, da kuma yaron da aka girma, wanda a nan gaba zai zama wani fitaccen wakilin ilimi Rasha nobility. Tun suna yara, Vincent aka karanta littattafai, musamman ya fi so shi ne kasada Genre, musamman Mayne Reid da Gyustav Emar. A samartaka, nan gaba marubuci a kowace bazara rayayye taimaki iyali, sai ya yi aiki tare da manoma: mowing, plowing, hauled hay, don haka mai tsanani daga aikin san ganin an.

koyo

Vincent Veresaev girma a wani iyali inda ilimi ya wajibi ga duk. Yaron ta iyaye aka kansu ilimi mutane, muna da mai kyau library, kuma a soyayya na koyon 'ya'yansu riga. A Veresaeva su da kyau na halitta mutum son zuciyõyin: babban memory, sha'awa cikin harsuna da tarihi. A makarantar sakandare, ya yi karatu sosai sosai, da kuma kowane aji ƙare da lambar yabo na farko almajiran, ya cimma nasara sosai cikin ilmi daga zamanin d harsuna, da kuma riga da shekaru 13 ya fara karatun translation. Veresaev sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare tare da wata lambar azurfa. A 1884 da ya shiga tarihi-philological faculty of St. Petersburg University, wanda ya sauke karatu tare da wani mataki na dan takarar tarihi kimiyyar. Amma babbar sha'awa ga ideas na populism, rinjayar da ra'ayoyi da Dmitri Pisarev kuma N. Mikhailovsky ya ƙawãtar masa shiga da a 1888, a Jami'ar Dorpat (Tartu) a Faculty of Medicine. Sun mutane da gaskiya da imani da cewa likita sana'a zai ba da damar da shi zuwa "Ka je wa mutãnen" da kuma kawo shi wata ni'ima. Duk da yake har yanzu a dalibi, a 1892, ya tafi zuwa Ekaterinoslav lardin, inda ya yi aiki a lokacin da kwalara annoba, da shugaban da tsafta barikin.

vicissitudes na rayuwa

A 1894, bayan kammala karatu daga jami'a, Veresaev koma zuwa Tula, inda ya fara aiki a matsayin likita. Vincent Veresaev, wanda biography yanzu dangantaka da magani, a lokacin da yake likita yi aka kallon rayuwar mutane da kuma dauki bayanin kula, wanda sa'an nan ya zama da wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu. Saboda haka a cikin rayuwarsa lauye biyu mafi muhimmanci abubuwa na rayuwa. Bayan shekaru biyu Veresaev koma St. Petersburg, ya aka gayyace a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi kyau digiri na likita baiwa aiki a St. Petersburg Barikin (nan gaba Botkin) asibiti domin sosai m marasa lafiya. Domin shekaru biyar ya yi aiki a can a matsayin ɗalibin kwalejin likita da kuma shugaban na library. A 1901, sai ya tafi wani yawa na tafiya a Rasha da Turai, ya yayi Magana da yawa da manyan wallafe-wallafen Figures na lokacin, kallon rayuwar mutane. A 1903 ya koma Moscow, inda ya yi niyyar ya kebe kansa da wallafe-wallafe. Tun farkon da Rasha-Japanese yaki Vikentiya Vikentevicha yaqi a matsayin likita, kuma ya zama ƙarami mazauna a hannu filin asibiti a Manchuria. Kwaikwayo na lokaci zai daga baya zama batun da dama daga cikin ayyukansa. A lokacin yakin duniya na farko da kuma wani soja likita a Kolomna, Moscow aka tsunduma a cikin kungiyar na soja likita naúrar.

Progressive shiryayye Veresaev dauki duka biyu Rasha da juyin juya halin, a cikin abin da ya ga amfani ga kasar. Bayan da Oktoba juyin juya halin zama shugaban na Art da kuma ilimi kwamitin da majalisar Ma'aikata 'wakilai, a Moscow. Daga 1918 zuwa 1921 ya rayu a cikin Crimea kuma sun yi shaidar gwabza kazamin fada tsakanin farin da kuma ja, wannan lokaci na wahala da kuma nauyi kuma za ta zama tushen labaru ga wallafe-wallafen ayyukansu. Tun 1921, wani marubuci da suke zaune a birnin Moscow, ya rubuta cewa da aka tsunduma cikin ilimi da kuma kungiya ayyukan.

A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, wani tsofaffi marubuci riga kwashe to Tbilisi. Ya iya ganin nasarar da Tarayyar Soviet a yakin da kuma ya mutu a kan Yuni 3, 1945 a Moscow.

A farko da wallafe-wallafen gwaje-gwajen

Veresaev Vincent fara rubuta more a sakandare shekaru matasa asali gan kansa a matsayin wani mawãƙi ba ne. Da farko littafin - da waka "da Zuzzurfan Tunani", da aka buga a karkashin pseudonym V. Vikent'ev a cikin mujallar "Fashion haske da kuma gaye shagon" a 1885. Bayan shekaru biyu a cikin "World hoto" mujallar a karkashin pseudonym Veresaev ya buga na gajeren labarin "The tatsuniya", wanda ya ba ta amsa da babbar tambayoyi na rayuwa: abin da ke farin ciki da kuma ma'anar rayuwa. Tun wannan lokacin, adabi ya zama m zama Vikentiya Vikentevicha.

zama a master

Vincent Veresaev daga farkon hanya a cikin adabi ya gano ta shugabanci a matsayin hanyar bincike, ya a cikin ayyukansu nuna mai raɗaɗi amai da Rasha kawo dukkan, wanda ya samu kansa, ya tashi daga ayukan hutu populism da Markisanci zuwa matsakaici kishin kasa. Ya kusan nan da nan ya gane cewa shayari - shi ba ya hanya, kuma ya jũya zuwa ga litattafan. Ya farko kokarin hannunsa a cikin kananan siffofin: rubuta labaru, short labaru. A 1892 ya wallafa wani jerin makala "Underworld" game da rayuwa da kuma aiki na hakar gwal daga Donetsk. Sa'an nan a karo na farko ya yi amfani da laƙabi Veresaev, wanda ya zama da ya wallafa da sunan. A 1894 ya buga labari "Babu hanyar," wanda a alamance gaya labarin da search for hanyoyi na ma'anar a cikin rayuwar Rasha jama'a da masana. A 1897, labari "desease" ya ci gaba da wannan batu, kayyade gano matasa tsara shugabanci na Social Democratic ideas.

daukaka shekaru

A 1901, daga veresaevskie "Notes na likita," wanda ya yi shi ya shahara a duk fadin kasar. A cikinsu, marubucin yayi Magana game da hanyar da matasa likita, game da hakikar da na sana'a, wanda yawanci mur, da gwaje-gwajen a kan majiyyaci, da halin kirki nauyi na wannan aiki. A samfurin nuna wani mai basira da matsayin marubuci Veresaeva, dabara tunani da marubucin kallo. Tun wannan lokacin ya shiga cikin ƙungiyar taurari daga cikin manyan marubuta na kasar, tare da Garshin da Gorky. Progressive ra'ayoyi na marubuci bai je kada a gane, da kuma hukumomin aiko shi a karkashin kula ga Tula, rage aiki.

A cikin shekaru 1904-1906 fitar da rubutu game da Japan yaki, a cikin abin da shi ne kusan kai tsaye magana game da bukatar yi adawa da ikon da autocracy. Veresaev Vincent ne ma tsunduma a littafin bugu, shi ne wani daban-daban wallafe-wallafen da ƙungiyoyi. Bayan da juyin juya halin, rayayye da hannu a yi aikin koyarwa, shi ne shiga a cikin littafin na sabon mujallu. Bayan da juyin juya halin ya jũya zuwa ga manyan siffofin da kuma wallafe-wallafen zargi Veresaev Vikentiy Vikentevich. Works a cikin wani nau'i na "m jarrabawa" na Pushkin, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Nietzsche ya zama wani sabon kalma a cikin wallafe-wallafen da m litattafan. Marubucin ya kullum nemi su "ilmantar da matasa," watsa shirye-shirye high akida da kuma ilimi ideas. Daga alkalami daga babban m da kuma sada da almara na Annensky I., A. Chekhov, Leonid Andreyev, Korolenko.

A yawa na lokaci ya bada marubuci na fassara, aka buga da yawa ayyuka na zamanin d Girkanci shayari in ya account. Veresaev domin su aka ma bayar da Pushkin Prize. Ko a ranar ƙarshe Vikentiy tsunduma tace translation "Iliad" na Homer.

marubuci ta hanyar

Veresaev Vikenty da ya wallafa rabo yana da nasaba da "sabuwar rayuwa", a cikin wanda ya Makamantan bayanai Gorky. Ya wallafa wani littafi style ba kawai karin hakikanci, amma kuma mafi m m lura da nasu abubuwan. Autobiographical zama hallmark aikinsa. Ya kwaikwayo game da rayuwa ya bayyana a muqala jerin rubutu. Ilimin falsafa nema samu magana a cikin labarai, wanda ya zama shahararren Vincent Veresaev. "Competition," "Eytimiya" da kuma wasu sauran labarun ya fara labari game da sirri rai da kuma tunani game da mace manufa.

Wannan shi ne mafi fili jigon da m Veresaeva bayyana a ayyukansa, kamar litattafan, "A matattu karshen" da kuma " 'yan'uwa mãtã."

Criticism da kuma sake dubawa

Veresaev Vincent lokacin da rai da aka quite kyau samu ta zargi, shi alama biyu na yanzu da kuma mafi kyau daga cikin marubucin. Modern wallafe-wallafen da wuya koma zuwa marubuci ta aiki, wanda, duk da haka, ba ya nufin babu ya m binciken da talented ayyukansu. Reviews zamani masu karatu, kuma rare, amma sosai taimaka. Modern masoya Veresaeva bikin da m style da jituwa na falsafa Gyaran baya na yau matasa.

sirrinka

Veresaev Vikentiy Vikentevich aka kullum tunawa a cikin aikinsa. A rayuwa ya kasance mai sauki da kuma sosai m, kuma affable mutum. Ya aka yi aure don ɗansa na biyu dan uwan Maria Germogenovne. Yara da biyu da ba. A general, ya rayu mai arziki rayuwa cike da aikin da kuma sa hannu a cikin kungiyar ilimi da m tsari a cikin kasa.