Maganar Nasopharyngeal: bayyanar cututtuka, haddasawa, rigakafin, ganewar asali da kuma fasalin lafiyar jiki

Ciwon daji na Nasopharyngeal, wanda alamunta sun bambanta da sauran ciwon daji, an gano su a mafi yawan lokuta bayan shekaru 45. Amma kowane mutum zai iya shiga cikin hadari. A bayyanar cututtuka da ciwon daji na maƙogwaro, oropharynx, nasopharynx, hanci kama. Abin rashin jin daɗin da ke haifar da wannan cuta ya sa likita ya shawarci likita wanda ya tsara cikakken jarrabawa. Jiyya zai dogara ne akan tsananin da sakaci kan ciwon daji.

Features na cutar

Kwayar da aka kafa a nasopharynx na iya zama nau'i biyu:

• Benign;
• M.

Zuwa gada mai ɗauka:

• Angiofibroma;
• Hemangioma.

Ilimin birane yana da wuya, mafi yawan lokuta ana bincikar shi a cikin yara (yana iya kasancewa marar ciki). Amma mummunan ciwon nasopharynx shine matsala ga mutanen da suka tsufa, a mafi yawan lokuta - maza.

Dalilin

Babban mawuyacin cutar:

1. Shan taba. A cikin wannan rukuni na mutane ne wadanda suke kusa da mutumin da yake shan taba (m shan taba). Sel na mucosa na hanci yana fushi daga hayaki, idan kawai ka sha shi, amma kada ka shan taba kanka. Amma shan taba mutane suna da damar da za su bunkasa ciwon daji.
2. Amfani da samfurori da ake amfani da su tare da magungunan kashe qwari, wasu kayan yaji. Carcinogens suna da cutarwa.
3. Dentures. Gaskiyar gaskiyar sanyewar cututtuka baya nufin cewa yana da tabbacin ciwon daji na nasopharyngeal. Idan mutum yana da prosthesis da aka dauka ba daidai ba, yana da kyau a gare shi, wato, hadarin bunkasa ƙari. Lokacin da irin wannan mutumin ya shayar da ita, kayan da ake yi wa prosthesis ya shawo hayaki na taba. Wannan ya zama wani ƙarin hadarin factor.
4. Yin amfani da giya. Barasa zai iya fusatar da mucosa na pharyngeal, wanda zai haifar da ci gaban cutar. Sau nawa ne wannan ya haifar da ciwon nasopharyngeal? Cutar cututtuka na cutar a 75% na lokuta na yawan adadin marasa lafiya faruwa a cikin waɗanda suke son barasa.
5. Papillomavirus. Idan akwai wannan cutar a jikin mutum, haɗarin samun ciwon nasopharyngeal yana da girma.
6. Leukoplakia. Wannan cuta ce da aka dauka a matsayin yanayin da ya dace. Yana nuna kanta a matsayin fari aibobi a kan mucous membrane na nasopharynx.

Bayanan haɗari

Akwai rukuni na mutane waɗanda suke da damar da za su iya bunkasa ciwon daji:

• 40-50 shekara maza;
• A cikin hulɗa da cutar Epstein-Barr;
• Marasa lafiya tare da HIV da mononucleosis;
• Raɗaɗɗen da aka samo asibiti;
• Tare da yanayin yanayin kai tsaye.

Cutar cututtuka

Yaya cutar ciwon nasopharyngeal ta bayyana kanta? Kwayoyin cututtukan wannan ƙwayar suna bayyana a farkon matakan. Dalilin shi ne cewa nasopharynx yana da iyakancewa da kasusuwa, kuma wannan yana haifar da skeezing na tumo, wanda kawai fara farawa.

Cutar cututtuka na ciwon daji na hanci da nasopharynx sun kama da:

• Cizon nasal na yau da kullum (sanadiyar rashin lafiyar rhinitis ko sanyi mai sanyi, amma ba sauran alamu ba).
• Daga hanci yana nuna fitarwa, wani lokaci tare da marasa tsarki.

Nasopharyngeal da ciwon pharyngeal sune bayyanar cututtuka wanda zai iya nuna duka daya da sauran cututtuka:

• Sanin jin dadi a lokacin cin abinci, har ma a lokacin da yake haɗiye ruwan;
• Paroxysmal tari;
• Harshen murya;
• M rashin jin daɗi a bakin;
• canza a cikin murya sautin.

Sauran alamu:

• Raunin ji;
• Matsaloli da magana;
• Bifurcation lokaci a idanu;
• Ciwon kai.

A cikin matakai na baya, jiki zai fara ragu, kuma ƙwayar lymph na ƙwayar ƙaruwa ya karu.

Dukkan alamun da ke sama za su iya magana game da wani cuta. Sabili da haka, likitaccen likita ne kawai zai iya yin shi bayan likita mai cikakke bayan cikakken bincike.

Muhimmin!

Mutum na iya tsammanin kansa kansa ciwon nasopharyngeal. Kwayar cututtuka suna haɗuwa a wata hanya mai ban mamaki: fitarwa ta jiki yana faruwa tare da lokaci ɗaya, tare da lalacewar maganganu.

Diagnostics

Gwajin ya fara lokacin da mai haƙuri ya bi da alamun alamu. Daya daga cikin bayyanar cututtuka shine karuwa a cikin ƙwayar lymph na mahaifa. Wani lokaci wannan alama ce ta musamman a ciwon daji na nasopharyngeal.

Dikita na farko ya ba da hankali ga:

• Alamun da mai haƙuri ke magana akan;
• Lambar fata;
• Yanayin lymph nodes.

Dangane da wuri mai zurfi na nasopharynx, ba za a iya bincika ido ba tare da kayan kara. Akwai lokuta a lokacin da ƙwayar yana tsaye a ƙarƙashin membran mucous, wanda ke buƙatar kwayar halitta.

Hanyar ganowa wanda dole ne a yi amfani dasu don kafa ganewar asali:

1. X-ray daga cikin huhu. Wannan jarrabawa yana da muhimmanci domin ya ware matakan da ke cikin huhu.
2. CT da MRI. Dikita na iya nazarin tumo daki-daki.
3. Biopsy. Tare da taimakon kutsawa, ana daukar kyallen takalma don jarrabawa.
4. Gwajin jini. Yana taimaka wajen sanin idan akwai alamu na jiki a cikin jiki.

Ciwon daji na nasopharynx yana da basira. Kwayar cututtuka, ganewar asali da magani sun dogara ne akan mataki na cutar. Dikita, kafin fara fara, ya ƙayyade wannan mataki. Muna la'akari da girman ilimin da yaduwa a cikin jiki.

Jiyya

Far an zabi akayi daban-daban, dangane da mataki na cutar. Yawan shekarun mai haƙuri, ana kulawa da lafiyarsa na gari. Hanyoyi masu mahimmanci:

• Radiation far;
• Chemotherapy;
• Ayyuka.

Radiation far

Wannan hanyar magani yana dauke da babban abu. A farkon matakai, ana amfani da maganin radiation ne kawai, kuma a wasu lokuta an haɗa shi tare da sauran hanyoyi na magani, a cikin mita tare da chemotherapy. Ka'idar aikin shine sakawa a iska mai guba da kyamarar da ke kusa.

Radiation far rinjayar da ciwon daji Kwayoyin kuma slows su girma. A lokacin da aka fitar da yaduwar cutar, ana nuna wa masu haƙuri karin hanyoyin yin rigakafi. Hakika, wasu lokuta a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph sun kasance sunadarai na metastases. Ba za a iya la'akari da su ba saboda suna da yawa.

Rashin haɓaka wannan hanyar magani shine cewa yana shafar baicin kwayoyin mummunan ba, amma har ma da lafiyar lafiyar mutum. Ana amfani da farfadowar radiation kafin da kuma bayan tiyata.

Chemotherapy

Tare da wannan hanyar magani, ana kawar da kwayoyin tumo da kuma hallaka su. Dikita ya tsara kwayoyin cytotoxic da ke yin aikin su daga ciki.

An hade chemotherapy tare da wasu jiyya. Amma, a matsayin mai mulkin, an umarce shi kafin radiation far kuma bayan aiki. Makasudin shine kawar da kwayoyin tumatir gaba ɗaya cikin dukan kyallen takarda.

Ayyuka

Ana amfani da sa hannu don cirewa:

• Ma'aikatan ƙwayar cuta;
• Ƙididdigar lymph.

Idan ƙwayar ba ta yada zuwa wasu kwayoyin halitta, tiyata ba zai haifar da wani matsala a lokacin aiki ba. Idan aka gano metastases a cikin sauran kwayoyin, likitan likita zai haɗaka wani ɓangare na kwayar da aka ji rauni.

Survival

Kamar yadda rahoton ya nuna, ciwon daji na nasopharyngeal, da alamar cutar wanda magani ya dogara ne akan aikin, a mafi yawan lokuta sukan kashe mutum. Idan an gano cututtuka a farkon mataki, to, damar samun tsira shine kashi 70 cikin 100 a lokuta da shekarun ba su wuce shekaru 45 ba. A cikin tsofaffi, shekarun 60-70 sun kasa samun tsira tare da irin wannan ganewar asali - 35%. Wani ƙwayar da ke cikin nasopharynx an fi sau da yawa akan kafa a cikin oropharynx.

Mutum ba zai iya rasa gaskiyar cewa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ba, an gane wannan ganewar ta ƙasa da kasa. Mutane da yawa suna ƙin shan taba, wanda shine daya daga cikin maɗaukar cutar ciwon daji.

Rigakafin

Lafiya salon - shi ne babban ma'aunin rigakafin ciwon daji na nasopharynx. Ya kamata mutum ya daina shan taba, ya daina shan barasa. Idan kana da aiki a wani ma'aikata inda ake amfani da abubuwa masu haɗari, to dole ne a sawa mai daukar motsi don hana sinadarin sinadarai don shiga cikin respiratory tract.

Kowane mutum ya kamata ya ɗauki rajistan ayyukan yau da kullum. Idan kun bi wannan doka, za ku iya gane cutar a matakin farko, wanda za'a iya samuwa.

Babban hadarin gaske shine ciwon nasopharyngeal. Kwayar cututtuka, magani da rigakafi shine bayanin da kowa ya sani don hana ci gaban cutar, kuma idan alamu na farko sun bayyana, kira likita a lokaci. Idan ciwon daji ya kasance a mataki na farko, to, tare da cikakke cikakken jarrabawa da cikakken magani a cibiyar likita mai kyau, akwai damar da za a kawar da ciwon daji har abada.