M nephrectomy: nuni, da aiki, fi

The kawai tasiri magani domin koda marurai - wani aiki, a lokacin da ta kawar pathologically ƙẽƙasasshen nama. A wannan zamani likitoci amfani da dabaru wajen adana gabobin, musamman, maimakon nephrectomy yi m nephrectomy, a cikin wasu kalmomi, kawai lalace rabo aka excised.

Menene wannan jiki?

Koda - wani irin tace da cewa taimaka wajen tsarkake cikin jini. Ta hanyar da shi a rana ya wuce da babban adadin jini. Yana da wannan karshen kara tsarkake ta daban-daban da-kayayyakin da metabolism.

Kowane lafiya mutum yana da ƙoda biyu, da su ne kusan symmetrically kasa da diaphragm. Wannan jiki bayan da jini tsarkakewa samar da fitsari, wanda shi ne na musamman ducts cikin mafitsara. Yana tattara da sharar gida samfurin domin yana yin fitsari. The jiki ne iya aiki kullum da daya kawai koda.

Alamomi zuwa Mataki

Irin wannan tsangwama da aka m nephrectomy, an wajabta, a cikin matsaloli da yawa da cewa bukatar magani da aikin tiyata. Amma resorting to kau na jiki kawai a kaye, bai cika ba, saboda kawai a cikin wannan harka, tabbas da wani cikakken maida daga mãsu haƙuri bayan wani rashin lafiya. Mafi sau da yawa koma ga resection, a lokacin da wani mafitsara a koda an samu ko marurai da cewa zai iya regenerate cikin m.

Bugu da kari, akwai da dama da alamomi da cewa da yawa likitoci suna shiryar da nada irin wannan aiki:

• M girma na kirki siffofin maruran.
• Filin lalace nama ba ya wuce 4 cm.
• Babban hadarin da m degeneration na kyallen takarda.
• Urolithiasis.
• Mafitsara a koda.
• Da tarin fuka Gabar lalacewa.
• Oncologic tsari a cikin kodan.
• Hadarin na koda gazawar.
• Lalacewar da kodan a sakamakon rauni.

Lokacin da malignancies Gabar resection za'ayi sosai sosai, saboda idan likita a lokacin tiyata iznin nama tare da shaidar degeneration, ƙari sake fara inganta. Yawanci, likitoci a irin haka ne ba a hadarin kuma cire gaba daya da koda, don kauce wa sake aukuwan samuwar kuma metastasis.

m nephrectomy: babban hanyoyi

A lura da jiki, likitoci sun koma ga bude ko laparoscopic tiyata. A cikin farko case, excision na ɓangare na koda faruwa ta hanyar incision a cikin lumbar yankin. Amma mafi sau da yawa yi laparoscopic m nephrectomy. Sharhi kan wannan hanya na lura shi ne yawanci positive. Wannan aiki ba ka damar kauce wa da babbar raunuka a jiki na haƙuri. A lokacin shi ne kananan incision, a cikin abin da ta yin amfani da wani musamman m tube (catheter) da aka gabatar microsurgical kayan aikin da a talabijin kamara.

Zabi nau'in tiyata dogara da kasancewa a asibiti na kayan aiki da kuma cancantar likitoci. Hakika, mafi likitoci fi son laparoscopic, saboda bayan da cewa haƙuri ne samun mafi alhẽri.

Contraindications ga kau na koda

Resection na koda ƙari ba yi, idan mutum ne a cikin wani tsanani yanayin, ko yana comorbidities cewa kara hadarin da rikitarwa a lokacin tiyata.

Na farko jarrabawa kafin resection

Kafin ka gudanar da wani excision na shafa wa rabo daga koda, da mãsu haƙuri dole ne da farko tabbata a gano da anesthesiologist. Shiri for resection ne janar binciken, karatu instrumental da dakin gwaje-gwaje Nazarin:

• Radiography jiki tare da wani bambanci wakili.
• Duban, MRI da CT.
• Koda perfusion da angiography.

Komai kafin tiyata da haƙuri za su ciyarwa, a cikin asibiti domin makonni da dama. Amma kafin su shiga cikin likita da makaman da haƙuri kamata yi kirji X-ray, kuma jini gwaje-gwaje domin wadannan cututtuka: hepatitis, syphilis kuma kwayar cutar HIV. The mutum na bincika asibiti anesthesiologist da internist, da kuma da yamma kafin resection aka yi samarwa enema.

The aiki

m nephrectomy aka yi a karkashin janar maganin sa barci. Abu na farko da likitocin gyara haƙuri madauri da aiki tebur, da kuma wani m gefen ƙulla da abin nadi. A al'ada excision na shafa Gabar wukar yin aikin tiyata likita aikin wani arcuate incision a cikin haƙuri ta jiki. A tsawon wannan GROOVES ne kamar 10-12 cm. Lokacin da excision na wani lalace rabo aka yi laparoscopically koda, da incision tsawon shi ne kasa da 3-4 cm.

A lokacin al'ada tiyata likita yadudduka halarci shafa sashin jiki, sa'ilin da kafar clamps koda musamman na'urar kafa a matsayin na roba tsarin. Laparoscopic tiyata Likita na sa ido kan ci gaba da kida a duba allo.

Clip a lokacin tiyata da aka yi amfani da su rage jini kanti lokacin da cire jiki da wukar yin aikin tiyata - wani mataki likita ciyarwa a kan lalace rabo daga koda. Da abin ya shafa nama yana excised likitoci a matsayin sandan, game da shi, da samun biyu daidai m. Su sa'an nan canja su da crosslinked tare da juna.

Sa'an nan kuma sanya kau da kodan ciyar da magudanun ruwa don sarrafa kasaftawa bayan tiyata na jiki m. Bayan installing shi sutured incision a jiki.

rikitarwa

Ko da yake excision na shafa sashi na jiki ne mafi m aiki, maimakon da cikakken kau na koda, amma ko da bayan shi iya da mamaya, tasirin da suke da hali na wani tiyata. Alal misali, yana iya haifar da m cerebrovascular hatsari ko tsokar zuciya infarction.

Kamar yadda a mafi yawan lokuta na karshen-mataki koda dutse cuta faruwa mafi sau da yawa a cikin mazan mutane tare da kowane irin marurai ciwon daji wasu mataki, sa'an nan a lokacin da aiki, suka riga da yawa comorbidities, musamman zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.

Aiki likita na bukatar m kwarewa a cikin m dawo, kamar yadda ya zama dole ba ne kawai don samar da bayyanar da rikitarwa, amma kuma a lokaci zuwa ka yi musu gargaɗi.

Fi bayan m nephrectomy

Bayan tiyata, dogon dawo da lokaci ake bukata, wanda na iya wuce wa game da wani shekara. Popular sau da yawa, marasa lafiya koka zafi bayan m nephrectomy, wanda zai iya kawai za a shafe ta gabatar da maganin ciwo. Don hana ci gaban mummunan sakamakon bayan da aiki, ya bi wasu shawarwari:

• Sha yalwa na ruwa.
• Yayi nazari bayan resection kowane watanni uku.
• Kashe jiki aikinsa, kamar yadda a farkon kwanaki bayan sallama da haƙuri ji gajiya da tsanani gajiya. Kana bukatar ka samu yalwa da sauran.
• Guje wa danniya da kuma juyayi tashin hankali.
• Shawarci likita game da ikon fasali. Lalle ne, a cikin kowane hali ta shawarwari, da shi zai dogara ne a kan mai tsanani da cuta, shekaru da kuma wuya daga cikin aiki.
• Kamata a kauce masa bayan da kau da kodan don sadarwa tare da mutanen da suke da rashin lafiya da kuma hypothermia domin jiki a wannan lokaci da aka ba su kariya daga kamuwa da cuta.
• Bayan tiyata, mutum dole ne saka idanu da yanayin da gidajen abinci.

Dieting bayan tiyata

Yana da muhimmanci a lokacin fi bĩ dace abinci mai gina jiki. A farkon kwanaki bayan da excision jikin mutumin ikon da aka kawota intravenously. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, da mãsu haƙuri fara ci da kansa. Amfani bayan irin wannan aiki, yi amfani da freshly shirya abinci, ta haka ne ya kamata ya zama da sauƙi digestible, da alama abubuwa da kuma bitamin.

A dawo da lokacin da haƙuri shi ne mafi alhẽri a rage load a kan hanta da kuma kodan. An shawarar sha shayi maimakon saba koda, amma da aikace-aikace da shi wajibi ne don yarda da likita. Wani amfani sha 'ya'yan drinks sanya daga cranberries da kuma Cranberry da bearberry shayi ko Dandelion tushen.

Bayan m nephrectomy kamata a kara da rage cin abinci da qwai, kirim mai tsami, zuma da kuma da dama daga kayan lambu. Nama da kifi, yana da kyawawa don tafasa, amma ba a soya. Amma canza cin halaye kana bukatar sannu a hankali, ko da yake mafi yawan hani amfani nan da nan bayan tiyata.

Bugu da kari, da mãsu haƙuri zai yi watsi da kyafaffen, m, yaji kuma m abinci. An haramta amfani da kayayyakin dauke da magungunan adana, sweets, sodas da kuma giya. Daga mai arzikin broth da kuma marinades mafi alhẽri, kuma, ba a lokacin da fi.