Lermontov ta ayyukansu. Lermontov Mihail Yurevich: kerawa

M. Yu. Lermontov - sanannen Rasha classic cewa ya kasance daya daga cikin haske da kuma mafi talented kasida, litattafan marubuta, playwrights, romantic inda ake nufi. All art ayyuka na Lermontov unusually lyrical, daidai folded da kuma sauƙi gane da karatu. Ya wallafa wani littafi aikin da aka matukar tasirantuwa da irin wannan duniya girma kamar yadda D. G. Bayron kuma A. S. Pushkin.

sassalar

Sunan mahaifi Lermontov yana da nasa tushen daga asalinsa na Scotland, George Lermontov, waɗanda suka bauta wa Sarkin Poland, wanda a kewaye da fadar White Rasha kama. Ya shiga cikin dakarun na Moscow sojojin. Kuma tun 1613 ya aka rajista a cikin sabis na Sarkin sarakuna na Rasha, da kuma ga hidima ta aminci ya samu ƙasa a cikin yankunan Galichsky County (Kostroma).

Sunan mahaifi Learmonth da kuma sa sanannen Scottish mawãƙi na XIII karni - Thomas. Sunan mahaifi Lerma shi ma Spanish shugaba. Sabõda haka na nemi dangane da kakanninsa-Scots, amma mafi yawansu duk domin shi ya jan dangantaka da Spanish Duke - Ministan Sarki Philip III. Lermontov akwai ko da wani 'Spanish' zagayowar a cikin zane-zane, saboda yana ma kyau kwarai artist.

A lokacin haihuwar mawãƙi Lermontov haife yawa poorer. Uba Yuri Petrovich aka alama da kyau m da kuma mai kyau zuciya, amma sosai short-tempered da kuma wani lokacin sosai frivolous. Estate Kropotovka a Efremov County kẽwayesu da sunan S. A. Arsenevoy (nee Stolypin). 'Yarta - Maria M. romantic - ba zai iya taimaka amma fada cikin soyayya tare da wannan m maƙwabcinsa da kuma, duk da mahaifiyarsa ta zanga-zangar, ta aure shi. Amma m farin ciki ya short-rayu, tikis da tarin fuka da kuma juyayi breakdowns saboda m infidelities mijinta, ta mutu a cikin bazara na 1817.

Mihaila Lermontova yara

A Moscow, 3 ga watan Oktoba, 1814 da aka haife Mikhail Lermontov. Kamar yadda wani yaro, ya kasance sickly, duhun da kuma juyayi yaro. Ya sha wahala daga diathesis, scrofula, da kuma cutar kyanda. Na dogon lokaci ina aka tsare a gado saboda rickets, wanda ya haifar da curvature da kafafu. Bayan da farkon mutuwar uwar Lermontov bar kawai m, amma sosai masoyi zuwa ga zuciya images. Kaka Elizabeth Arsenyev ya kula da duk ayyukan gida a kan tarbiyyar da sauran rayuwarsa tenderly ya kula da shi. Amma dan-ta kamar ba zai iya tsaya a kan ruhu. Yuri Petrovich saboda ƙiyayya da mahaifiyar aka tilasta su bar Estate kuma bar danta. Duk da haka, har yanzu ya ragu a sau da yawa zuwa ga uwarsa da niyyar zuwa sama har zuwa kansa Michael, amma duk a banza. Yaron gan ƙiyayya, shi kuwa yana da wuya a kai shi duka. Ya kullum sha wahala kuma ya wavered tsakanin kakarsa da uba. A cikin wasan kwaikwayo Menschen und Leidenschaften Lermontov nuna duk irin abubuwan da a wannan batun. Sa'an nan suka koma zuwa ga kakarsa ta estate kira Tarkhany (Penza lardin). Akwai ne kusan tafi, kuma duk da mawãƙi ta yarantaka.

Matasa da samartaka

A 1828, Lermontov fara karatu a shiga makaranta a Moscow University. Daga baya a kan ya ci gaba da karatunsa a wallafe-wallafen sashen na wannan ma'aikata. Amma a ƙarshe da ya tilasta ba shi saboda wata jayayya da manyan reactionary furofesoshi. Ya aiki ya kasance a cikin shakka. Kuma kakata ta nace cewa ta jika shiga makaranta matsara tushe shugabanni da mahayan cadets. Sun Lermontov ba sosai wahayi zuwa soja aiki, amma a lokaci guda, ya mafarkin mai girma feats cewa sanya kakanninsa, ko da yake a cikin zuciyarsa ya san cewa a mafi kyau, shi ne jiran yaki a cikin Caucasus.

A 1834 ya sauke karatu daga makaranta da ke zuwa bauta a ƙaho a Nizhny Novgorod Hussars. Na farko da aikin, wanda ya bayyana a cikin bugu a 1835, ba tare da ya sani, shi ne waka "Haji Abrek".

Links to Caucasus

Lermontov ta ayyukansu sau da yawa annabci. A 1837 ya kishin A. S. Pushkinu ya banrazana waka "Mutuwa na wani mawãƙi", wanda dora alhakin ga mutuwar dukan high-matakin ikon a Rasha, jagorancin Tsar Nicholas I. Sai ya aka aiko gudun hijira zuwa Caucasus. A shekara daga baya ya koma zuwa St. Petersburg, amma saboda da duel tare da Bafaranshe Ernest de Barant sake aika zuwa Caucasus a wani dakaru rajimanti. A yaƙi, ya nuna unprecedented ƙarfin hali da kuma ƙarfin hali, amma sarki ne ba lada ya taba ce. Lermontov ko da katse wani hutu a St. Petersburg da kuma umurni da kwanaki biyu zuwa bar birnin.

Bayan ya sake ta rajimanti, Lermontov a Pyatigorsk tsaya a warkar a bit, amma akwai da yake da shi da m jayayya domin ya yi izgili, mai yiwuwa kan Natalia Solomonovna - 'yar'uwar Martynov, a classmate a soja makaranta, daga wanda ya ba da gaske yayi musu. Ta yi zaton cewa Lermontov ya cikin soyayya da ita, kuma ta halin Maryamu a cikin "Hero of Our Lokaci," ya bayyana shi da ita. Yuli 15, 1841 ya faru a duel. Ta M. Yu. Lermontov aka kashe nan take N. S. Martynovym. A harsashi tafi dama ta hanyar da shi ta hanyar da zuciyarsa.

Domin duk wannan wani gajeren lokaci da majalisa ta zauna ta Allah, halitta wannan sanannen ayyukan Lermontov, wanda ya zama da gaske Masterpieces na Rasha wallafe-wallafe. Wannan kuma "Song na Merchant Kalashnikov" da "novice" da "Demon", kazalika da babbar dama lyrical waqe, wasan kwaikwayo "dodo" da m labari "Hero of Our Lokaci".

"Ashik Kerib"

Lermontov ta aikin "Ashik Kerib" an halitta a matsayin wata romantic Gabas labari game da soyayya. Ya dogara ne a kan wallafe-wallafen sarrafa Azerbaijani jama'a labari, ji da mawãƙi gudun hijira a cikin Caucasus. Wannan shi ne mai kyau da kuma haske aiki na soyayya na biyu matasa heroes of matalauta Ashik Kerib da lover - 'yar wani arziki m Magul-Mageri. Ashik Kerib zai yi dukan abin da domin ya zama mai arziki da kuma aure da ƙaunataccen. Amma mai hikima da kuma m Magul-Mageri kuma ba zai tsaya waje ɗaya, ya taimake shi da mace kaidinsu. A sakamakon haka, za su duka su yi farin ciki tare. Wannan kyakkyawan labari da ya guda karatu ba bar untouched.

"Hero of Our Lokaci"

The labari "A Hero of Our Lokaci" Lermontov rubuta a shekaru 25, a shekara kafin ban tausayi mutuwa. Wannan labari da aka halitta a cikin irin mutum litattafan, short labaru, tafiya makala da diary shigarwar. Ga marubucin wata babbar wahayi ya siffar babban harafin. A labari, cike da koyaswa surori, tarihi gaskiya ne ba da muhimmancin gaske. A aikin da wahala da cewa a cikin shi da labaru bãyar da lãbãri uku riwayan: tafiya jami'in, Maksim Maksimych, kuma a karshe, babban harafin - Grigory Pechorin. Image Pechorin a ko'ina cikin samfurin bayyana a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban, tare da kalmomi na wani mai zuwa na baya, na sirri sani da kuma aboki na gwarzo kansa. Mai karatu zai hankali shiga cikin da tunani na Pechorin. Da farko za a waje, sa'an nan kuma kawai sai daki-daki mafi zurfi bincike da kuma introspection. "Hero of Our Lokaci" Lermontov aka farko da aka buga a 1840 a St. Petersburg bugu gidan karkashin shiriya Ili Glazunova.

"Sail"

Duk da wuya da kuma m hali, Lermontov - mai laushi romantic a zuciya da kuma mai girma mahalicci. Kafu daram ra'ayi kusan dukan ayyukan Lermontov. "Sail" - daya daga manyan Masterpieces, bar nan gaba al'adunmu. Ya rubuta da rawan jiki ya rai, wanda tsaye a tsaka-tsaki kafin nan a yanke shawara, da kuma a wannan lokacin da wani matashi mawãƙi, alama kasance a shirye don wani abu. Shi ne kawai 17 years old. Ya iya zama Decembrist ko neman sauyi, amma rabo ya shirya shi wani rawa.

Brief na shekara-shekara tebur Lermontov

Yara ayyukan Lermontov

Taken na yarantaka da aka nuna a cikin wani yawan ayyukan ƙwarai, kuma ko da yaushe ya kasance wani abokin aikinsa. Yara waqe daga cikin shahararrun mawãƙi unusually m da lyrical. Suna cike da wasu na musamman alheri da kuma zafi. Bani Lermontov ayyukan hada da irin gagarumin waka kamar "yaro", "Cossack Lullaby", "Baby cute da ranar haihuwa" da sauransu.

Wuya a samu rayuwa a Lermontov, amma duk da wannan duka, da yara, da dukan "zinariya springtime" ya ko da yaushe ya dauki mafi kyau lokaci na rayuwa.

Dukan ayyukan da Lermontov cikin sharuddan adabi ne na musamman da kuma na musamman. Saboda haka, su ne har yanzu ban sha'awa da duk wani ƙarni na karatu.