Kuryanovskoy magani wurare - hadaddun domin lura da birane sharar gida da ruwa a Moscow

Duk da cewa babban birnin kasar ta mazauna zuba a cikin sinks da toilets, ƙarshe ya jũya a cikin miliyoyin cubic mita ruwa mai guba. Sake saita su shekaru da yawa a cikin Moscow River. Domin tsaftacewa a biyu manyan ruwa mai guba da magani shuka gina: Lyubertsy a firintocinku yankin. Kamar wancan Kuryanovskoy magani shuke-shuke aiki a cikin SEAD (kudu maso m gundumar), shi ne mafi tsufa kuma mafi girma.

Janar description

A fannin bauta da tashar, gida zuwa wata babbar adadin mutane - fiye da miliyan 6 mutane. Har ila yau, a nan kusa ne da dama Manufacturing kamfanoni. Saboda haka tashar na'am da kullum da gaske imbin adadin najasa - tsari na miliyan 1.8 m ^3. Daga cikin wadannan, 20% sun kasance a cikin na zama kansu, da kuma 80% - a samar. Located Kuryanovskaya tashar SEAD (Moscow), a unguwar masana'antu masu bugun dutse a hagu-banki floodplain na Moscow River. Don kwanan wata, wannan muhimmanci da makaman ne daya daga cikin mafi girma a Turai.

A cikin duka, wannan tsarin ya hada da uku tubalan (NACA), kowanne daga abin da za a iya amfani da su aiwatar 1 Mio m ³ sharar gida da ruwa da rana. Saboda haka, a total na Kuryanovskaya magani wuraren an tsara don wani kaya na 3 mcm ³ ga 24 hours.

A kadan tarihi

A farko abubuwa a wannan tashar da aka gina a 1939. Duk da haka, saboda da barkewar yakin duniya na biyu da aikin da aka sanya a riƙe na dogon lokaci. Aka kaddamar Kuryanovo magani wurare kawai a 1950. Duk da yake cikin tashar, kazalika da wani sauran sa na kama da dalili, shi ne da nisa sosai daga birnin - a cikin matakan da gandun daji, kusa da dama karami shuke-shuke. A hankali, duk da haka, Moscow yankin da aka kara, kuma a karshen tashar kasance cikin sãsanninta. Kuma ta kewaye ba kawai ta hanyar masana'antu Enterprises har yanzu ke aiki a yankin, amma na zama bariki.

Hakika, da karuwa a load aikata asali zane damar da makaman kasa. Saboda haka, a cikin 70s na karshe karni "Waterworks" ruwa mai guba da magani shuke-shuke a yankin yanke shawarar fadada firintocinku. A cikin kusanci da tsohuwar hadaddun aka gina Novokuryanovskaya tashar kunsha na biyu ya fi tsayi, mafi zamani raka'a. Lokaci guda tare da su erection aka mika kuma wani sabon shaye tashar.

Hakika, a kan lokaci, m zane da kuma sabon tashar. Saboda haka, a shekarar 2011 suka fara manyan sikelin-zamani. Don kwanan wata, wannan aiki an riga an kammala.

Firintocinku gundumar (Moscow)

A fannin wannan ɓangare na babban birnin kasar domin a total na 17,89 km ^2. Firintocinku yankin kunshi 30 tituna. Don kwanan wata, a cikin kusanci da najasa magani shuke-shuke Kuryanovo gida game da 75 dubu. Man.

Firintocinku ga rai yankin a halin yanzu dauke dace sosai. A kayayyakin more rayuwa a nan ne sosai ɓullo da, misali, akwai biyu jirgin karkashin kasa tashoshin da hudu - Kursk shugabanci IWD. More kwanan nan, saya Apartments a yankin masu bugun dutse ba wanda musamman so. Shi ne duk a cikin wani wulãkanci mai wari shimfidawa daga magani shuka. Duk da haka, kwanan nan, wannan matsala da aka gaba daya warware. Game da yadda za ta kasance, bari mu magana kadan m.

tashar zane

Kuryanovskoy hadaddun, don haka - shi ne mafi girma da ruwa jiyya wurare a Moscow. Ruwa mai guba da magani aiwatar fara a wannan makaman daya daga cikin uku samun bẽnãye kai tsaye haɗa da haraji na birnin lambatu. Saboda haka karkashin kasa najasa bututun kwarara ne rarraba kan NACA tashar (ta hanyar grilles ginin). Yau effluent yafi zo a daya daga biyu tubalan da sabon tashar. Kowane najasa da sarewa, da ruwa mai guba feed a NACA, iya zoba nasu wuka ƙofar bawul. Kafin mu ci gaba zuwa wani tsarkakewa naúrar, gudana suna bauta a gina tashoshin wutar na farko machining. Suna nan pumped cikin yashi tarko. Bugu da ari effluent an ciyar da jẽre:

• a primary magance tankuna.

• aeration.

• secondary magance tankuna.

• a cikin kanti jam'iyya.

The iska a cikin aeration tankuna ake kawota daga babban inji dakin sanye take da wani babban iko turboduvkami. Sludge daga kwamin na tara najasa gudana a cikin na musamman narkewa tankuna, inda shi ne fermented. A rabu cikin tsari gas da ake amfani da su gina kusa da wani kananan TPP. Irin wannan ban sha'awa fasaha bayani a yarda don samar da magani da wuraren Kuryanovskoy nasu wutar lantarki ta 60%. A karshe mataki ne gaba daya tsarkake ruwa gudana ta hanyar reshe ducts ga Moskva kogin. A karkarar da shuka ruwa mai guba gudana da nauyi. Don wannan karshen, kowane biye a kafa na tsaftacewa kayan aiki located a kasa baya.

Ta yaya inji tsaftacewa

A gaskiya ta ruwa mai guba da magani fasahar da injiniyoyi na "Vodokanal" (Moscow) An tunanin fitar da karami daki-daki. A Building gratings ruwa mai guba sha na farko da aiki. A nan ne babbar inji impurities an cire. Don yin wannan, suka wuce ta hanyar musamman Grid. A karshen ne a irin babban akwati, gyarawa kai tsaye a cikin ruwa rafi. Zabi manyan tarkace - crumpled roba stoppers daga kwalabe, polyethylene guda, ganye, ciyawa, da dai sauransu - .. A cikin conveyer bel aiko domin sake amfani. Oddly isa, mafi yawan matsalolin da ma'aikatan isar da nazarinsa na al'ada auduga swabs. Girma da a mai gangara shugabanci ne sosai kananan, don haka suka iya ratsa ta cikin akwati Grid.

Gina farko inji magani ne zuwa kashi biyu sassa. Kowace daga cikinsu hidima wani gungu na sabon tashar. Bayan Gine-gine tashoshin wutar ruwa mai guba da ke shiga na musamman yashi tarko domin kau da kananan barbashi na tarkace. Rabu da sharar gida da ruwa-insoluble ma'adinai slurry ne m wanke da kuma isa zuwa ga masana'antu tsunduma a cikin yi na ginin Mixes, bayar da damar gudanar da sauransu. D.

nazarin halittu tsaftacewa

Hakika, domin high quality-ruwa tsarkakewa cire shi daga al'ada shara da kuma dukan inji impurities bai isa ba. Kuryanovskoy aeration tashar - wani zamani hadaddun effluents wanda ake gittar da more kuma nazarin halittu magani. Sand tarkuna bayan da suka shigar da primary clarifiers. A nan, da sauran ruwa a cikin dakatar da barbashi karkashin nauyi shirya zuwa kasa. Kowane naúra tana sanye take da 8 NACA irin waha.

Bayan ya magance cikin ruwa ake kawota ga aeration tankuna. Don haka ya kira musamman kwantena dauke da ilimin aiki sludge. Rayuwa kwayoyin cuta a cikin shi an fara aiwatar da wani sauran datti a cikin ruwa. A gaskiya, wannan tsari ya auku a cikin halitta ruwaye. Duk da haka, da tsabtace hanya tashoshin da yawa sauri. A fasahar domin nazarin halittu jiyya na CBS hada da samar da wani karfi aeration airflow. Shi ne mai halitta stimulant na kwayan aiki. A hadaddun ruwa mai guba da magani tashar hada da, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, da kuma gina wannan manufa da kwamfuta dakin. A nan a cikin aeration tankuna da zama dole kwayoyin da iska rafi gudana.

Babban wahala daga wannan tsarkakewa mataki ne bukatar tabbatar da santsi aiki truboduvok. Gaskiyar cewa babu iska live a sludge aeration kwayoyin iya mutu a cikin wani al'amari na sa'o'i. Mayar da su yawan ne sosai dogon - watanni da dama.

Bayan aeration ne kusan da ruwa mai tsarkakẽwa ake kawota zuwa secondary clarifiers. A wannan mataki, da kau daga gare ta sharan riga kunna sludge. A kasa na kowane daga cikin sakandare clarifier aiki na musamman inji - ilosgrebatel. Wannan kayan aiki tattara da laka a babban tire. Bugu da ari, yl hawa zuwa musamman landfills da nisan kilomita 60 daga babban birnin kasar.

A amfani da methane

Located in aeration tankuna yl ci gaba da mayar da. A sakamakon ragi partially conserved. Sa'an nan, suka za a iya amfani da a sake. Babban ɓangare na "karin" sludge aika for fermentation a musamman tankuna semisubterranean - narkewa tankuna. Akwai yl mai tsanani zuwa 54 ^{° C,} inda shi reacts tare da ci gaba na iskar gas farawa faruwa. A sakamakon methane shiga TPP don samar da wutar lantarki.

TPP

TPP Kuryanovskoy magani shuka (kusa da masu bugun dutse, Moscow) ne a Ginin musamman. Analogues na irin wannan wurare a ko'ina a cikin duniya. Don gina wannan makaman yanke shawarar, a 2005, bayan wata babbar hadarin da ya sa a cikin de-da kuzari da aka rabin na Moscow, ciki har da engine dakin na CBS. A wannan rana, kwayoyin cuta a cikin aeration tankuna ba su sami da ake bukata iska su kimanin sa'o'i uku. Gina TPP gaba daya cire da yiwuwar komawa irin wannan m halin da ake ciki.

Ta yaya ne sharar gida da ruwa analysis

Hakika, da ingancin sallami a Moskva kogin ruwa a tashar ana lokaci zuwa lokaci bari. Inji nazarin da za'ayi a cikin hãlãye, bisa ga wadannan sigogi:

• launi;

• da yawan zafin jiki.

• sansana.

• nuna gaskiya.

A farko siga da aka auna da darajõji daga cikin sikelin Pt. Zazzabi, wari, da kuma tsabta - ga font. Chemical bincike na ruwa mai guba da aka yi a dauki PH da rabo daga cikin daban-daban gurɓatawa. Kamar yadda na karshe vestiges na ruwa mai guba za a iya raba hudu Categories:

• birni effluents (bushe saura - a kalla 500 MG / l).

• na biyu category (m effluents zuwa 5000 MG / l).

• uku category (fiye da 5000 MG / l).

• hudu category (fiye da dubu 30. MG / l).

A sunadarai da kuma microbiological abun da ke ciki na effluent sallami Kuryanovskoy tashar kusa SEAD (Moscow), cikakken yayi dace SanPiN2.1.5.980-00 nagartacce.

Menene ya faru da sharar gida

Tsarkake ruwa ne gaba daya ciyar a cikin sallama jam'iyya daga sakandare clarifier. Bugu da ari, shi ne ciyar da su a sallama bututu da alaka da Moskva kogin, a total tsawon na 700 m. More kwanan nan, wannan ruwa mai guba da magani aka kammala. Amma a 'yan shekaru da suka wuce a kan wani sabon tashar disinfection gini da aka gina. Akwai kara tsarkake sharar gida da ruwa da aka disinfected da UV. Bayan wannan magani a ruwa suna kashe pathogens na daban-daban iri iri. Wannan shi ne, a cikin Moscow River ruwa magani wurare ne yanzu Kuryanovskoy zubar ba kawai da kyau-tsabtace, amma kuma gaba daya decontaminated. Wannan na taimaka wa wani gagarumin ci gaba a cikin muhalli halin da ake ciki a babban birnin kasar.

Kifi a tashar

A ingancin ruwa mai guba a Kuryanovskoy tashar, wadda iko da ayyukan LLC "Vodokanal" (Moscow), da gaske ne a matakin qarshe. Wannan ne evidenced akalla da cewa a cikin offtake tashar hadaddun zaune kawai wata babbar adadin kifi. Da zarar shi tsunduma a kama kifi da yawa daga cikin mazauna yankin. Duk da haka, ba haka ba da dadewa, ƙofar tashar da aka rufe don bare. The domin a nan yanzu ana kallonsa da masu tsaro, ba bar ƙasar ba kawai magoya na kama kifi, amma kuma da na gida boys.

wari

Don kwanan wata, wani matsaloli dangantawa da magani wurare, Muscovites suka zabi su zauna masu bugun dutse yanki, kada gwada. Amma har kwanan nan da yankin da cewa abu cikin County yada musamman m pungent wari. A shekarar 2012, bayan da yawa gunaguni na mazauna a gundumar gwamnati da kuma Moscow, a yanke shawara da aka sanya a kan maimaitawa na tashar. A sakamakon haka, mai karɓa jam'iyya located a ƙofar, kusan dukan surface aka rufe da wani kwayoyin gilashi.

Prevent yaduwar wari daga primary clarifiers ne ma warware ta wajen wani murfin. Amma a cikin wannan hali, da karfe zanen gado da aka yi amfani da. Don kwanan wata, wadannan kwantena an rufe tare da biyu lids - Shawagi pontoon da babba cantilever. Kuryanovskoy ruwa mai guba jiyya Shuka - da daya kawai a duniya hadaddun, wanda amfani da irin wannan tasiri da kuma m zane. Wasu riga partially halaka su da natsuwa a cikin shakka daga zamani da aka shafe ta.