Jihar alamomin na Rasha: tarihi da ma'anar

A Rasha, kamar yadda a kowace kasa, akwai uku hukuma alamomin: tutar, alama da take. Dukan su aka kafa a sakamakon da yawa na tarihi somersaults. Juyin Halitta na Rasha jihar alamomin rigima da kuma m. Sau da yawa, sabon mafita halin adawa da haihuwa daya. A general, ci gaban kasa heraldry za a iya raba uku, saukarwa: da 'ya'yan sarakuna ba (sarauta), Soviet da kuma na zamani.

flag of Rasha

Modern Rasha jihar alamomin fara da tutar. Rectangular fari-blue-ja flag ne saba wa kowane mazauni a kasar. Yana da aka amince mun gwada kwanan nan: a 1993. Muhimmanci taron ya faru a kan Hauwa'u na tallafi na tsarin mulkin sabuwar kasar. A lokaci guda a lokacin ta zama ba, a mulkin demokra] Rasha da biyu flags. Na farko zaži aka yi amfani a 1991-1993. Akwai biyu main bambance-bambance tsakanin iri biyu daga cikin saba song. Flag of 1991-1993. yana da wani rabo daga 2: 1 (tsawon da nisa) da aka halin a matsayin fari-ja-Azure, kuma da magaji samu wani rabo daga 2: 3 da dokar har yanzu aka bayyana a matsayin fari, blue da kuma ja.

Yau Rasha jihar alamomin ba kafa daga karce. Alal misali, tri-launi flag daga cikin 'yan ƙasa fara amfani a rallies da ta share da Tarayyar Soviet a cikin marigayi 1980s - farkon shekarun 1990s. Amma har ma da m kwanan wata ba za a iya kira tushe na zargin wani muhimmanci na kasa alama.

Bitrus zane

Domin da farko lokacin da tricolor an tashe shi baya a 1693. Zane fluttered a kan jirgin na Bitrus I. Bugu da kari ga runduna uku na mahara ya samu halartar biyu-gangarawa mikiya. Sabõda haka, domin a karo na farko ba kawai fari, blue kuma ja palette, amma kuma da Rasha jihar alamomin hadu aka yi amfani. Flag of Bitrus I tsira zuwa yau. Yanzu an adana a cikin ta Tsakiya Sojan Ruwa Museum. Wannan wuri ba a zaba kwatsam. A cikin haruffa, autocrat kira flag gabatar da su "teku." Lalle ne, tun tricolor abun da ke ciki da aka tam da alaka da jiragen ruwa.

A wannan Peter A. zama mahaliccin na Andrew ta flag. Saltire yiwuwa tunani da giciyen Andreya Pervozvannogo, shi ne wata alama ce da jiragen ruwa riga zamani. Saboda haka a kasar mu intricately intertwined soja da kuma jihar alamomin na Rasha. Amma ga fari-blue-ja flag, da na sarki zamanin da shi ya samu wani tsanani gasa.

Black-yellow-fari launi

A farko bayanai game da baki-yellow-fari flags kasance a cikin zamanin Anny Ioannovny (1730.). Karuwa ban sha'awa a cikin wata irin flag faru bayan yakin duniya na biyu da Napoleon lokacin da ya fara a fili Posting a kan holidays.

Karkashin Nicholas I, wannan palette ya zama m ba kawai a cikin soja, amma kuma} ungiyoyin. A karshe, cikin aikin hukuma matsayi na baki-yellow-fari flag ya a 1858. Tsar Alexander II bayar da umarni bisa ga abin da wannan panel ya daidaita mallaka hatimi wajibi, kuma tun sa'an nan, haƙiƙa zo da za a yi amfani da matsayin kasa flag. Saboda haka wata ãyã ta dabam suna goyon bayan da Rasha jihar alamomin.

mallaka flag

Adari 1858 na sarki flag fara da za a yi amfani da ko'ina a cikin aikin hukuma zanga-zangar, bikin, farati, a kusa da gwamnatin gine-gine. Black launi ne mai tunani da hatimi wajibi baki biyu-gangarawa mikiya. Yellow da Tushen, dating ga Byzantine heraldry. White shi ne launi Georgiya Pobedonostsa, har abada, kuma tsarki.

Bisa ga shawarar da wani taro na musamman na heraldic a 1896 kamar yadda a Rasha kasa da kasa da aka gane Bitrus tsohon flag. A sa kambi na Nicholas II, da aka gudanar a cikin 'yan watanni, bisa ga fari, blue da kuma ja da launuka. Duk da haka, da rawaya da baki zane ci gaba da zama mashahuri a cikin mutane (misali, da Black Daruruwan). Yau, flag daga cikin XIX karni da farko hade da Rasha nationalists da Romanov zamanin.

Soviet zamanin

All 3 jihar alama ce Rasha tsira da Soviet zamanin, lokacin da tsohon ideas aka gaba daya shafe da kuma manta. Bayan 1917, duka biyu Rasha flag kasance a karkashin zahiri shine ban. Yakin basasa ya ba su wani sabon ma'anar: launuka da yanzu hade da farar fata da kuma sauki anti-Soviet motsi.

Rasha jihar alamomin amfani da yawa abokan adawar na Tarayyar Soviet, yanã nufin ya jaddada shaidar dan kasa duk da aji akida. A lokacin babban Patriotic War da fari-blue-ja flag da aka sarrafa Vlasov (as St. Andrew ta flag - wasu hadin gwiwar). Ko ta wani hanya, amma a lokacin da ya lokaci zuwa rushewar Tarayyar Soviet, Russia sake tunatar da Bitrus banner. Halartar cikin wannan ma'ana zama kwanaki na Agusta juyin mulki. A watan Agusta shekara ta 1991, abokan adawar na juyin mulki massively amfani da fari-blue-ja launi. Bayan da shan kashi na sa'a cewa hade aka soma a matakin tarayya.

A cikin Tarayyar Soviet a cikin shekaru 1924-1991. An hukumance dauke da wani ja flag da guduma da lauje. RSFSR layi daya da kansa ganewa mark. A 1918-1954 gg. shi ne mai ja flag da "RSFSR" rubutu. Sa'an nan da wasika bace. A 1954-1991 gg. ja panel amfani da lauje, da guduma, wani star da kuma a blue stripe a bar baki.

biyu mikiya

Ba tare da gashi na makamai da kuma tarihi na soji da ke jihar alamomin na Rasha zai zama bai cika ba. Its zamani version amince a 1993. Dalili na abun da ke ciki - biyu-gangarawa mikiya. A garkuwa nuna cafe Pobedonosets kashẽwar Maciji (dragon). Biyu sauran da ake buƙata halayen - sarari suKe da sandan. The hukuma alama na zamani marubucin - Mutane na Artist na Rasha Federation Evgeniy Uhnalev. A cikin zane ya takaita da ra'ayoyi da cewa suna aiwatuwa a lokuta daban-daban na tarihin kasar.

Alamomin na jihar ikon a Rasha sau da yawa musanta juna. Saboda haka, a 1992-1993. hukuma alama ya yi gunki na wata guduma da lauje a cikin wani wreath na kunnuwa. A cikin wannan gajeren lokaci, a yi, an yi amfani da matsayin alamar wannan, da kuma wanda aka yi amfani da baya a RSFSR.

'ya'yan sarakuna ba Fitar

Gashi na makamai, kazalika da sauran jihohi da kuma soja alamomin na Rasha yana da zurfin tarihi asalinsu. Sun bar a farkon kwanaki na 'ya'yan sarakuna ba iko. Masana sun koma ga na farko alama na na da hotuna a kan yi amfani da like. Moscow shugabannin wannan karshen kusata da silhouettes na Kirista macẽta.

A 1497 a Rasha heraldry ya bayyana gangarawa mikiya. Da farko a cikin manema amfani da Grand Prince Ivan III. Ya san muhimmancin jihar alamomin na Rasha. A tarihin kasar da aka nasaba, tare da Orthodox Byzantine Empire. A da Greek sarakuna, Ivan III da kuma aron yanci tsuntsu. Tare da wannan karimcin, ya jaddada cewa, Rasha - gade wa da kwanan sunk zuwa abu wulakantacce Rum.

The gashi na makamai na Rasha Empire

The gashi na makamai na Rasha Empire ya taba canzawa. Ya canja da yawa sau da hankali zama ƙara wuya. Romanovsky alama embodies da yawa siffofin da cewa rarrabe tsohon Rasha jihar alamomin. A tarihin "maturation" na ãyã ake dangantawa da yankin samu na daular. By jawo wani baki biyu-gangarawa mikiya tare da lokaci kara garkuwoyi, personifying a haɗe mulkokin Kazan, Astrakhan, Polish, da dai sauransu ...

The wuya daga cikin abun da ke ciki na gashi na makamai suka kai ga kafa a 1882 na uku versions na wannan kasa alama ce: Kananan, matsakaici da kuma manyan. Sa'an nan gaggafa, kazalika da zamani, ya karbi sandan da kuma sarari suKe. Sauran sananne ne siffofin: cafe Pobedonosets, da kwalkwali na Alexander Nevsky image malaiku Jibirĩla da Mĩkã'ĩla. Figure lashe sa hannu mulufi "Sh Mu Bog!". A shekarar 1992, kotun kundin tsarin mulki Hukumar amince da daftarin da na sarki baki mikiya a matsayin Rasha gashi na makamai. A ra'ayin da aka ba gane saboda da kasa kuri'a a Koli Soviet.

Guduma, sickle da star

Wanda ya zo ikon bayan juyin juya hali, da Bolsheviks soma Soviet gashi na makamai a shekarar 1923. Its janar bayyanar bai canja ba har sai da rushewar Tarayyar Soviet. The kawai bidi'a ya Bugu da kari na sabon ja tef, wanda bisa ga yawan Union jamhuriyoyin aka rubuta harsuna na kira, "Ma'aikata dukan ƙasashe, gama!". A shekarar 1923, akwai 6, 1956 - riga 15. Kafin shiga cikin Lithuanian SSR a RSFSR kaset sun ko 16.

Dalili na gashi na makamai da aka hoto na wani guduma da lauje a cikin rana, kuma a kan bango na duniya. Tare da gefuna da abun da ke ciki da aka firam kunnuwa, a kusa da nada tef yaba slogan. Jamhuriyar kasan su yi wani rubutu a Rasha. A saman gashi na makamai lashe biyar-nuna star. Hoton da kansa akida ma'anar kamar yadda sauran jihar alamomin na Rasha. Tamanin da adadi ya sanu ga dukan mazaunan ƙasar - Tarayyar Soviet shi ne tuki da karfi na proletariat da manoma da ƙungiyoyi a duniya.

Rasha National Anthem

Official jihar alamomin na Rasha, da muhimmanci, tarihi da kuma sauran fannoni na su binciken kimiyya heraldry. Duk da haka, ban da flag da kuma gashi na makamai images, akwai kuma take kasar. Ba tare da ba shi yiwuwa su yi tunanin wani jihar. Modern Rasha take - magajin ga Soviet take kasar. Yana da aka amince a shekara ta 2000. Wannan ne "ƙarami" jiha alama ce Rasha.

Author music take - da mawaki da kuma jama'ar kasar Artist da Tarayyar Soviet Alexander Alexandrov. A tune da aka rubuta da shi a 1939. Bayan shekaru 60 da zabe shi cikin Jihar Duma, haƙĩƙa, sun shige a lissafin kasar Rasha Vladimir Putin game da wani sabon take kasar.

Wasu jinkirta faru a lokacin da kayyade rubutu. Poems ga Soviet take rubuta mawãƙi Sergei Mikhalkov. A karshen, musamman hukumar ya soma da sabon version na wannan rubutu. A wannan yanayin, idan akai la'akari da aikace-aikace na duk al'ummarta.

"Allah Ajiye da Tsar!"

A farko Rasha jihar take a cikin saba ma'anarta shi ne song "Allah Ajiye da Tsar." Yana da aka yi amfani da 1833-1917 biennium. A Mafarin bayyanar da na sarki take ya Nikolai I. A tafiyarka ta Turai, ya kullum samu kansa a cikin wani m halin da ake ciki: orchestras m kasashen taka leda kawai nasu sautuka. Rasha kamar yadda ta "fuskanci music" ba zai iya fariya. A monarch umurce su da su gyara halin da ake ciki mummuna.

Music ga take na Empire rubuta mawaki kuma shugaba Aleksey Lvov. Marubucin na rubutu ya mawãƙi Vasily Zhukovsky. Da zuwan Soviet ikon fadar take aka buga kashe na dogon lokaci ba kawai na dukiya amma kuma ƙwaƙwalwar na miliyoyin mutane. A karo na farko bayan wani dogon hutu, "Allah Ajiye da Tsar" taka leda a "The shuru Don" alama fim a shekarar 1958.

"The Internationale" da take da Tarayyar Soviet

Har 1943 da Soviet gwamnati kamar yadda ta kasa take da amfani da kasa da kasa proletarian "The Internationale". A karkashin wannan karin waƙa canja fasalin karkashin shi a lokacin yakin basasa, da Red Army shiga mataki. Asalin rubutu da aka rubuta da wani Faransa Anarchist Ezhenom Pote. Aiki bayyana a 1871 a nan a kwana na gurguzu motsi, sun gaza a lokacin da Paris ƙungiya.

17 Bayan shekaru, Pierre Degeyter Fleming rubuta wani rubutu Pottier music. A sakamakon haka ne classic, "The Internationale". A cikin Rasha take da rubutu da aka fassara Arkady Kotsem. A 'ya'yan itace da aikinsa a buga a 1902. "The Internationale" da aka yi amfani da matsayin Soviet take kasar a lokacin da Bolsheviks har yanzu mafarki na duniya juyin juya halin. Wannan shi ne zamanin kwaminis International da kuma halittar kwaminisanci Kwayoyin a} asashen waje.

Tare da farko na yakin duniya na II, Stalin ya yanke shawarar canza akida ra'ayi. Ya ba ya so duniya juyin juya hali, amma shi aka je gina wani sabon sosai centralized daular, kewaye da yawa da tauraron dan adam. Canje-canjen hakikar bukaci wani take. A 1943, da "International" ta ba hanyar zuwa wani sabon launin waƙa (Alexandrov) da kuma rubutu (Mikhalkov).

"Patriotic Song"

A 1990-2000 gg. a matsayi na Rasha take kasar zauna "Patriotic Song", rubuta da mawaki Mihailom Glinkoy a farkon 1833. Paradoxical cewa a lokacin da ya tsaya a cikin aikin hukuma matsayi na launin waƙa ta ba sam wata gane rubutu. Saboda wannan, da take kasar da aka yi ba tare da kalmomi. Babu wata hujja da rubutu ya kasance daya daga cikin dalilan domin maye Glinka ta karin waƙa Melody Alexandrova.