Japan wallafe-wallafe. Tarihi na ci gaba

Japan adabi ya wanzu for sama da shekaru dubu. A wannan lokaci, ta maimaitawa canza: akwai sabon styles, trends, m trends. Wasu shari'ã samfurin zama wani nan take classic, da kuma alkawarin da littafin rasa ta munasaba a kamar wata shekarun da suka gabata. So mu koyi game da Japan adabi a more daki-daki? Its rubucen da kuma hambarar da? Karanta wannan labarin!

tsoho adabi

Da farko, da Japan da camfin da kuma songs aka rarraba, wanda aka ruwaito da baki. Duk da haka, mafi kusanta ga VII karni, duk abin da ya canja. Sarkin sarakuna Tendzi kafa manyan makarantu a cikinsa zuwa ga koyon Sinanci. Ba da da ewa, a yi aron kuma optimizing Sinanci bayyana rubuta a Japan. Saboda haka, ta farkon da VII dandalin rayayye kewaya rubuta. A sakamakon haka, za mu fara bayyana Japan adabi Monuments.

A farko Japan aikin da ya kai mu sau, shi ne wani labarinsa mai taken "Kojiki". Yana da aka rubuta Yasumaro shi ne a cikin 712. A littafin dauke daban-daban almara gabatar songs, myths, tatsuniyoyi, Legends, da sauransu. D. Bugu da kari, cikin samfurin ma yana da tarihi darajar. Lalle ne, a cikin "Kojiki" marubucin bar wasu tarihi Legends da tarihin rikodin.

Wani misali shi ne na zamanin da Japan adabi "Man'yoshu". A littafin wata babbar tarin wakoki, wanda hada da fiye da 4,000 jama'a da kuma marubucin na tanki-waqe.

classic adabi

A na gaba mataki na Japan adabi kamar yadda wani classic. Yana dade daga Sabunta zuwa XII cc. Wanne ne na hali na wannan zamani? Japan adabi karfi lauye da Sin. Mafi yawa daga cikin mazaunan Japan ya jahilci. Yana da wannan dalili da cewa Japan adabi da aka rarraba a tsakanin aristocracy da hakan kotun da'irori. Zai yiwu babban alama wannan zamanin ne da cewa mafi yawan ayyukan da aka rubuta da mata. Yana da wannan dalili da cewa a cikin gargajiya Japan adabi aka mamaye iyali da kuma sauran decorous da muradi.

A Firayim misali na adabi na wannan zamanin ne "Story of wani kyakkyawan Otikubo". A littafin gaya labarin da Cinderella Japan rai, wanda huddled a wani kankanin komorke girmama tare da kwastan na kakanninsu, da kyakkyawar dabi'a. Saboda ta high dabi'u ta ya iya karya fita Rags zuwa arziki, a gaskiya a soyayya tare da ita daraja da m mutum.

Idan muka yi magana game da salo fuskantarwa, da adabi ya gusa daga almara. A wurin da camfin da kuma tatsuniyoyi zo mafi girma nau'o'i .. litattafan, novellas, short labaru, da dai sauransu, da farko Japan labari mai taken "The Tale of bamboo Cutter" ko da ya fito a karni na goma. Yana gaya na wani tsohon woodcutter, ya gana wata yarinya wanda ya na da zama da watã.

na da adabi

Wannan lokaci dade daga wallafe-wallafen da XII zuwa XVII karni. Ikon a kasar ta canja da cika fuska. A wurin da Mikado, da suke sosai ilimi Elite na kasar, shi ne soja aji, da ake kira Shogun.

Literary aiki na kasar fara plummet. Nau'o'i kamar labari da kuma Japan waqe sun bayyana a gushewa. Mai girma shahararsa jin dadin da memoirs na fice soja da kuma tarihi rubuce-rubucen. A general, Japan adabi ya zama mafi m kuma na jini. Shi ne ma daraja, a lura cewa mata marubuta ba su riƙi wani ɓangare a cikin na da wallafe-wallafen aiwatar a Japan.

"Genpey Dzosuyki" shi ne wani shahararren wakilin na da Japan wallafe-wallafe. Artwork tattaunawa game da UPS da kuma hambarar da na iri biyu aristocratic asalin - Genji da Heike. Littafi na ruhu reminiscent na Shakespeare labarinsa. Domin ayyukan da halin da tashin hankali jaruntakar fadace-fadace, interweaving tarihi gaskiya da almarar, marubucin wuraren da tattaunawa.

Modern Japan Wallafe-wallafe

Bayan fall na shoguns to ikon sake koma zuwa ga sarki. Wannan ya kai ga zargin wani sabon zamani a Japan adabi, wanda dade har zuwa tsakiyar XX karni. Kasar na Rising Sun ya zama mafi bude ga sauran duniya. Kuma ya juya daga zama wata babbar factor ga ci gaban wallafe-wallafe. A halayyar alama na wannan lokaci - da aiki rinjayar Turai ra'ayoyi da kuma ƙungiyoyi.

Da farko, muhimmanci kara yawan fassarorin da na Turai (ciki har da Rasha) wallafe-wallafe. Mutane suna so su san game da hanya al'adu. Daga baya, da Japan ya fara bayyana farko ayyukan da aka rubuta a Turai style. Alal misali, littattafai kamar "rashin tsoro al'amudin", "love Confession biyu nuns," "biyar-labarin pagoda," nisa daga Japan litattafansu. A cikin wadannan ayyuka na rayayye horar da Turai akida da kuma salon rayuwa.

da postwar lokaci

A sha kashi a yakin duniya na II ƙwarai shafi dukan Japan al'adu da rai daga cikin mutane a matsayin dukan. Change ba kare da kuma wallafe-wallafe. Japan marubuta sun karbe wani sabon akidar da hadawa biyu haihuwa hadisai da kuma na zamani dimokuradiyya ( "Dubu Cranes" Yasunari Kawabata "The lafiya snow" Dzyunitiro Tanidzaki).

Japan wallafe-wallafe. haiku

Musamman da hankali cancanci da Japan ayyukan lyrical yanayi. Japan waqe ko haiku (haiku), sun kasance m for kusan dukan adabi na zamani. A peculiarity na irin kayayyakin da yake a cikin tsarin. Bisa ga canons na Genre, haiku kunshi 17 syllables cewa yin up shafi na hieroglyphs. Babban taken wadannan ayyuka - da bayanin irin kyau na halitta ko falsafa gani. Mafi shahara haiku - shi Takahama Kyoshi, Kobayashi Issa, Masaoka Shiki. To, uban haiku za a iya kira Matsuo Basho.