Jamhuriyar juyayi tsarin

A tsakiyar juyayi tsarin hada kwakwalwa da kuma laka. A farko kamannuna kamar dan kadan flattened baya igiyar. A kwakwalwarka, dake a cikin girman kwanyar rami, aka hada da biyu hemispheres, da cerebellum da ganga.

A Physiology na tsakiya m tsarin iko da dangantaka tsakanin jiki da kuma yanayi, mutum martani ga daban-daban samuwar kasashe. Har ila yau, godiya ga ta kammala daidaituwa na gabobin da kuma sassan jiki. A general, ta aiki dogara ne a kan reflexes, kamar yadda jiki reacts zuwa wata 'yar alamar canje-canje a cikin kewaye ko ciki yanayi.

Jamhuriyar juyayi tsarin jijiya gudanar da tattaunawa tare da kwayoyin a matsayin dukan ta hanyar girman jijiyoyi (12 nau'i-nau'i daga) da kuma kashin baya Tushen (na 31 nau'i-nau'i). Tsoka, fata, da wani ɓangare na wata gabar jiki da kuma kayan ciki na "bayanai" da ake daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar da laka afferent jijiyoyi a guje daga na baya asalinsu. Kuma "bayanai" daga kwarangwal tsoka da aka kawota ga shi via efferent jijiyoyi a guje daga na baya asalinsu. A gaban ko babu reflexes nuna yadda da laka, ko ta cika da aiki na reflex. Its lalacewar entails da canja wurin da duk take hakkin hatsaisai (da afferent da efferent). Daga cikin laka a kwakwalwa da kuma mayar da su ne na tsarin jijiya tafarkin da suke da muhimmanci kuma ta hanyar kwakwalwa kara, akwai partially katse ko karshen. Oculomotor, auditory da na gani jijiyoyi saka a cikin midbrain. Gudãna daga ƙarƙashinsu iko jamiái, jini wurare dabam dabam, ikon auku a cikin diencephalon via sadarwa hasashe (ciki da kuma na waje) aiki endocrine da zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsarin. A bawo ya hada da babban yawan neurons. Waɗannan su ne sel daban-daban siffofi, wanda suke kamanta dama yadudduka da ake juna ta hanyar matakai. Kowane sashe na ɓawon burodi yana da wani daban-daban abun da ke ciki na sel, ake dangantawa da aiki da shi aikin.

All na tsakiya m tsarin, duk da sassan a kowane yi 'yan adam hali aiki a matsayin tsintsiya madaurin ki daya, game da shi, ya kafa wani aikin tsarin. Daga mahangar wannan fahimtar da shi ne bayyananne cewa wani dauki, wani reflex an riga da babba aiki. A kowane lokaci, da tsakiya m tsarin dogara a kan jiki da bukatun. Da farko suna m da haƙiƙa alamomin - wani canji a cikin yanayi a cikin jiki. Daga cikin ra'ayi na neurophysiology faruwa wannan inji by kunna ta hanyar subcortical cibiyoyin na cerebral bawo. Sun aika da waɗanda hatsaisai a cikin abin da jiki yake mafi bukatar a wannan lokacin. Jamhuriyar juyayi tsarin neman gamsar da rinjaye dalili. Don wannan karshen, shi synthesizes duk samuwa bayanai game da yanayin da waje da kuma ciki yanayi na jiki, sa'an nan aiwatar da halayya yi.

Lalacewar da tsakiya m tsarin faruwa ga dalilai da yawa. Wannan haihuwa lahani, da kuma talakawa wurare dabam dabam, da tasiri na rauni, da sakamako daga cikin ƙari ko kumburi. Kwakwalwa da kuma laka ne masu tasowa tare da lahani idan tayin wadannan hadura shafi: canja wurin uwar lokacin daukar ciki, cututtuka, na sirri rauni, daukan hotuna zuwa radiation, wanda ake gittar da guba abubuwa, shan barasa da iyaye biyu ko daya daga cikinsu. Ba kalla rawa a cikin abin da ya faru na munanan kuma gadar hali plays.

Musamman mai tsanani lahani faru a lokacin da sama dalilai shafi tayin a cikin farkon watanni ciki. Daga gare su, na farko wuri ne shagaltar da hydrocephalus (a cikin ventricles na kwakwalwa accumulates yawa cerebrospinal ruwa) da microcephaly (wani underdeveloped kwakwalwa da kuma kwanyar). Tasiri su kayar da tsarin da kuma malformations na kashin baya da kuma kwanyar.