Iron: tsarin da zarra, makirci da misalai. A lantarki tsarin da baƙin ƙarfe zarra

La'akari da lantarki tsarin da baƙin ƙarfe zarra, kazalika da wuri a cikin lokaci-lokaci tebur. Gane da key jiki da kuma sinadaran Properties daga cikin kashi, da filin da amfani.

A halin da ake ciki a cikin SS

Iron ne wani kashi d-8 kungiyar (sauyin kungiyar). 26 yana da serial number, dangi atomic taro - 56, a zarra ƙunshi 26 protons, 26 electrons, da kuma 30 neutrons. Wannan ƙarfe yana da babban reactivity, farfado rage Properties. Hankula hadawan abu da iskar shaka jihar +2, +3.

Features na tsarin da zarra

Mene ne wani lantarki zane na tsarin zarra na baƙin ƙarfe? Idan muka yi la'akari da rarraba electrons a cikin makamashi matakan, za mu sami wadannan embodiment:

2e. 8e. 14 e; 2e. Irin wannan tsarin da electron harsashi zarra na baƙin ƙarfe da shaida a wurinta a cikin sub-kungiyoyin, ya tabbatar da na ga iyali na Dr. abubuwa.

Kasancewa a cikin yanayin

Iron ne daya daga cikin na kowa da sauƙi abin da ke faruwa sinadaran abubuwa. A ɓawon burodi ta yawan abun ciki ne game da 5.1%. A mafi a cikin zurfin duniya tamu akwai kawai uku abubuwa: silicon, aluminum, oxygen.

Iron ores da ake samu a yankuna daban-daban na Duniya. Alchemists aka samu fili da wannan ƙarfe a cikin ƙasa. A samar da tama da aka zaba a cikin abin da abun ciki ya wuce kashi 30 cikin dari.

Magnetic baƙin ƙarfe ƙunshi game da saba'in da biyu cikin dari na karfe. Basic magnetite adibas suna located in Kursk Magnetic anomalies, kazalika a Kudancin Ural Mountains. A bloodstone yawan baƙin ƙarfe kai kashi 65 bisa dari. Hematite da aka samu a cikin Krivoy Rog yankin.

The darajar ga shuke-shuke da dabbobi

Wace rawa a rayayyun kwayoyin halitta, ya yi aikin baƙin ƙarfe? A tsarin da zarra ya bayyana ta restorative Properties. Wannan sinadari ne wani ɓangare na haemoglobin, ba shi da wani rarrabe ja launi. Game da uku grams na tsarki da baƙin ƙarfe, mafi yawan abin da aka kafa a cikin haemoglobin, samu a jikin wani adult. Babban manufar ne don canja wurin da kyallen takarda daga cikin huhu da aiki oxygen da kuma janyewar carbon dioxide kafa.

Bukatar wannan karfe, kuma shuke-shuke. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na cytoplasm, yana daukan wani aiki sashi a cikin tsari na photosynthesis. Idan shuka bai isa ba da baƙin ƙarfe, da ganye da wani farin launi. Tare da kadan miya salts baƙin ƙarfe shuka bar juya kore.

jiki Properties

Mu duba tsarin da zarra na baƙin ƙarfe. A kewaye tabbatar da cewa wannan ƙarfe luster rabi (akwai valence electrons). A wani azurfa-farin karfe gwada da high narkewa batu (1539 digiri Celsius). Saboda da kyau ductility na karfe iya zama da sauƙi mirgina, stamping, sunã ƙirƙirãwa.

Ability don magnetization da demagnetization halayyar da na baƙin ƙarfe, sanya shi mai kyau abu don samar da tsakiya iko electromagnets a daban-daban motocin da lantarki da motoci.

Ta yaya aiki baƙin ƙarfe? A tsarin nuna gaban zarra a cikin matsanancin matakin na biyu electrons wanda za a ba a cikin shakka daga wani sunadarai dauki. Don ƙara da taurin da ƙarfi, kuma ku tsayar da ƙarin mirgina taurare karfe. Irin wannan matakai ba tare da wani canji a cikin tsarin da zarra.

baƙin ƙarfe jinsunan

A lantarki tsarin da baƙin ƙarfe zarra, makirci da aka tattauna a sama, ya bayyana ta sinadaran halaye. A kudi ne m karfe, wanda shi ne low-carbon karfe wanda babban bangaren shi ne baƙin ƙarfe. Kamar yadda a hankali ahankali saukar game da 0,04 da kashi carbon, kuma ya ƙunshi phosphorus, nitrogen, sulfur.

Chemically m baƙin ƙarfe a kan ta waje sigogi kama da platinum. Yana yana high jure lalata tafiyar matakai, barga zuwa acid. A wata 'yar alamar impurities ana gabatar a wani m karfe ta musamman halaye bace.

zaɓuɓɓuka saboda

A tsarin da aluminum da baƙin ƙarfe kwayoyin halitta na amphoteric nuna babban subgroup zuwa aluminum, da yiwuwar amfani da shi a cikin tsari na rabuwa da baƙin ƙarfe daga oxides. Aluminothermy za'ayi a dagagge zafin jiki, shi damar zuwa ware m karfe daga halitta ores. Bugu da kari ga aluminum a matsayin karfi rage wakili ne a zabi hydrogen, wani oxide na carbon (2) da kwal.

Musamman sinadaran Properties

Mene ne sinadaran Properties na baƙin ƙarfe ne? A tsarin da zarra ya bayyana ta rage aiki. Domin baƙin ƙarfe, halin da samuwar biyu jerin mahadi da ciwon da hadawan abu da iskar shaka jihar +2, +3.

A gumi iska, akwai wani tsari da tsatsa (lalata) na karfe, sakamakon da samuwar na baƙin ƙarfe hydroxide (3). Tare da oxygen mai tsanani da baƙin ƙarfe waya reacts tare da zuwan da baki baƙin ƙarfe oxide foda (2.3), da ake kira da wani baƙin ƙarfe oxide sikelin.

A high zazzabi karfe iya maida martani da ruwa tururi, game da shi, ya kafa wani gauraye oxide. A tsari ne tare da hydrogen juyin halitta.

Reaction da wadanda ba karafa na faruwa ne kawai a na farko da dumama da fara gyara.

Iron za a iya narkar da a tsarma sulfuric ko hydrochloric acid ba tare da preheating cakuda. Mayar da hankali sulfuric da hydrochloric acid passivate karfe.

Me kuma yana da sinadaran Properties baƙin ƙarfe? A tsarin zarra na kashi yana nuna talakawan aiki. Wannan wuri an tabbatar da baƙin ƙarfe zuwa hydrogen (H2) a cikin electrochemical jerin. Saboda haka, zai iya kau da daga salts da duk da karafa, wanda aka located zuwa dama a jere Beketova. Saboda haka, dauki tare da jan karfe (2) ne da za'ayi a karkashin dumama, shi ne wani kasafi na tsarki tagulla da kuma samun ferric chloride bayani (2).

aikace-aikace

A muhimmin bangare na jimlar da baƙin ƙarfe da ake amfani da a samar da baƙin ƙarfe, da karfe. The baƙin ƙarfe yawan carbon abun ciki na 3-4 kashi a karfe - ba fiye da kashi 1.4. Wannan nonmetal kashi ya yi aikin aiki na bunkasa bonding ƙarfi. Bugu da ƙari kuma, shi ma rinjayar da lalata kaddarorin gami qara juriya daga cikin kayan zuwa wani dagagge zafin jiki.

vanadium Additives zama dole don inganta inji karfin da karfe. Chromium qara juriya ga m sunadarai.

Ferromagnetic Properties na wannan sinadari sanya shi rare a masana'antu aikace-aikace, ciki har da a electromagnets. Bugu da kari, da baƙin ƙarfe samu ta yin amfani da tsaraba masana'antu. A tushe don samar daban-daban tsarabobi irin wannan m maganadiso a kan firiji.

Ƙarfi ne, kuma ductility damar yin amfani da karfe ga halittar makamai, daban-daban da makamai.

Ferric chloride (3) yi amfani domin tsarkakewa daga ruwa daga impurities. A magani 26 kashi na lokaci-lokaci tebur amfani da magani daga irin cututtuka kamar anemia. A taron na karancin ja jini Kwayoyin akwai gajiya, fata duba unnaturally kodadde kama. baƙin ƙarfe shirye-shirye taimaka wajen kawar da irin wannan matsala, koma cikin jiki ta al'ada ayyukan. Iron yana da musamman muhimmancin ga ayyuka na thyroid gland shine yake, hanta. Saboda haka da cewa mutum jiki ne da ba wani tsanani matsaloli, cinye isasshen kullum game da 20 MG na karfe.