Iri dispositions a dokokin laifuffuka: misalai. Ra'ayi da kuma iri dispositions da kuma takunkumi

Tasiri amfani da zamani laifi dokar shafi fahimtar tsarin shi ya ƙunshi doka, wadda ne mai kai tsaye magana da majalisu nufin jihar-kafa kamar yadda ya wajaba dokokin hali da kuma sanin dace takunkumi ga take hakkin da karshen.

Gargajiya tsarin doka norms

Duk wani halin yanzu mulki yana da wani gargajiya tsarin cewa dokoki irin wannan m abubuwa, kamar yadda wani jarrabawa, ƙaddarãwar izni.

Jarrabawa ya nuna takamaiman yanayi a gaban (ko rashi) na wanda wannan mulki ya kamata tambaya. Jarrabawa iya ba da labari da wani m halayya model tare da takamaiman halin da ake ciki, wuri da lokaci, ko da wani takamaiman batu.

Ƙaddarãwar ƙunshi hakkin ya gudanar da za a bi ta hanyar duk da hannu a cikin batutuwa na shari'a a tsakaninsu.

Izni ya kira wadanda ko wasu illa cewa ya kamata faruwa saboda take hakkin ya kafa dokoki na disposition. A izni ne mai bayyana irin ra'ayinsa na korau hali na jihar da sakaci na shari'a norms.

Wannan uku-kashi tsarin ba ka damar fahimtar abin da ƙaddarãwar da kuma yadda shi ya yi daidai, kazalika da Yana da damar tare da wani babban mataki na yadda ya dace don samar da unambiguous tabbatar da dalilin da ya dace hali. Rashin daya ko wasu daga cikin sama abubuwa sa quite a fili tabbatar da ko wannan ko wancan ma'ana tsarin doka mulki ko ba.

A tsarin da laifi dokar

Domin amfani da laifi dokar daidai da yadda ya kamata, shi wajibi ne su fahimci abin da suke da ra'ayi da kuma tsarin da laifi dokar.

Dokokin laifuffuka, kasancewa inherently wani gargajiya doka norms, duk da haka, sãɓã wa jũna a cikin wasu takamaiman fasali na da tsarin, wanda yakan haifar da wanzuwar biyu kawai abubuwa. A norms saita kawo a cikin Janar Part na Criminal Code, an yi sama da abubuwa kamar jarrabawa da kuma izni, kuma ya rubuta a cikin Special Part na Criminal Code, an yi sama da dispositions da kuma takunkumi.

Ga doka, dauke a cikin Special Part na Criminal Code, da jarrabawa na wani janar yanayi da aka bayyana, a wani gini kamar: "Idan batun aikata wani hananne yi ...". Saboda haka, laifi dokar guzuri na Criminal Code, da kafa da halaye da kuma siffofin na musamman torts, kazalika da takunkumi, wanda aka yi amfani da hukumar karshen, da jarrabawa ne ba a kayyade ba, kuma shi ne kawai a fakaice, da kuma iri na dispositions da takunkumi kafa daga matsakaicin daki-daki.

Saboda haka, a fikihu akwai wani ra'ayi cewa duk da cewa tsarin da laifi dokar ne a zahiri ba ne kawai biyu abubuwa, akwai bayyananne fakaice jarrabawa damar har yanzu dauki shi a matsayin gargajiya tsarin (jarrabawa, disposition, izni).

Ƙaddarãwar - manufar

By ƙaddarãwar laifi dokar ne don a fahimci cewa ta tsarin kashi, wanda shi ne mai ƙayyadadden ajali definition envisaged da wannan arziki tort, kazalika da abun da ke ciki.

rarrabuwa dispositions

By zane da kuma shiryar da abun ciki na wadannan iri dispositions a dokokin laifuffuka:

• Simple - kira tort, amma bai bayyanar da shi bayyanar cututtuka.
• Siffatawa - ƙunshi m bayanin irin key fasali na tort.
• Reference - bai bayyana bayyanar cututtuka na wani tort, da kuma bayar da ga kafa na karshen koma zuwa wani labarin na Criminal Code.
• Bargo - tsayar da shaidar tort tana nufin sauran dokokin shari'a ayyukan da ba-laifi yanayi.
• A hada (ko gauraye) - ya hada da wani tunani ãyõyi, ko bargo ƙaddarãwar a tare da sifofi da suka shafi wani disposition.

Iri dispositions: wani sauki, siffatawa

Saboda haka, mu tattauna a more daki-daki, abin da suke iri dispositions da laifi a cikin dokar.

Simple ƙaddarãwar kawai nuna daya ko wasu tort, amma bai bayyanar da shi bayyanar cututtuka, saboda jigon da karshen ne bayyananne, kuma ba tare da kai tsaye ambaci wani bayani. Gabatarwa ga dokokin laifuffuka na wannan irin dispositions shibtarsu da shawara cewa dokar tilasta bin ba zai fuskanci wani matsaloli cikin fahimtar ma'anar amfani da su Game da ƙarin fassarar ake bukata. Kamar yadda wani misali, ka yi la'akari da dispositions na Mataki na ashirin da 126 na kundin Code - sacewa.

Siffatawa disposition ya hada da ba wai kawai ya tabbatar da dalilin da ainihin tort, amma kuma a da cikakken bayanin ta key fasali. Alal misali, a karkashin labarin 158 CC tort - sata - aka bayyana a matsayin cikakken m hanyar sata da wani dukiya. Wadannan iri dispositions a dokokin laifuffuka sun fi na kowa.

Iri dispositions: reference, hade bargo

Reference disposition, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, ba ya bayyana tort, kuma ya ƙunshi wani roko da duk wani labarin na Criminal Code, ma'ana fasali na karshen. Wannan gusar ba dole ba kuma complicating laifi dokar ta maimaitawar. Referential amfani a duka biyu kai tsaye da kuma kai tsaye ba a cikin nau'i. A cikin farko idan nuna a kan ãyõyi, wanda dole ne ko dai zama ba ko ba ya nan a tort. A karo na biyu idan, wani ra'ayi saukar da zarar sa'an nan amfani da dispositions na wasu matsayin.

Bargo dispositions da laifi a cikin dokar ƙunshi wani tunani da norms kunshe ne a cikin wani yankunan da dokar - muhalli, ƙungiyoyin, aiki, da dai sauransu Wadannan iri dispositions da laifi a cikin dokar .. amfani a cikin wadanda articles wanda ya tsayar alhaki ga take hakkin wasu sharudda (zirga-zirga, da makami handling, aikin gine-gine, da sauransu. d.). Ƙara don wadannan sosai wannan dokoki na laifi dokar zai sa a wani gagarumin wahala na karshen, kazalika da sabawa ake bukata daga gare shi, a kan wani akai-akai saboda canje-canje sanya ga dokokin da aka ambata.

Hada (Mixed) ƙaddarãwar iya ƙunsar ko tunani ãyõyi bargo dispositions, da kuma wani, yawanci sauki ko siffatawa.

Bayan aikatã game da tambayar abin da yake ƙaddarãwar, Ya kamata a kara dauke da cewa wannan shi ne kai tsaye da alaka da karshe na laifi dokar a matsayin izni.

Izni - ra'ayi

A azãba ne da ake kira tsarin directing kashi laifi dokar (dauke a cikin Special Part CC), wanda ya tsayar da girma da kuma bambancin da azãba envisaged for k'wallaye tort bayyana ƙaddarãwar mulki. Ta hanyar da majalisar takunkumi, kimanta matakin hatsari ga al'umma, wanda shi ne halin da tort.

irin takunkumi

Amfani a cikin m dokar takunkumi suna classified bisa ga mataki na yaƙĩni, wato:

• Babu shakka wasu - saita a matsayin kawai irin uƙuba ne, kuma shi ne tsananin wani takamaiman darajar. A karkashin halin yanzu dokokin, wadanda takunkumin ba su yi amfani, saboda su yi amfani da ba da damar a gudanar da wani individualization azãba bisa yanayi na musamman tort, kazalika da hali halaye na aikata wannan laifi na take.
• In mun gwada wasu - saita a takamaiman irin azãba, kazalika da ta legally tsare iyaka, ta hanyar tantancewa da wani m da kuma iyakar darajar azãba kõ kawai matsakaicin.
• Alternative - kafa biyu ko fiye da jinsunan azãba (ko dai lafiya ko jama'a ayyukan, ko kurkuku, da dai sauransu ...) Wannan za a iya amfani da shi don zura kwallo Game tort fara duka biyu daga cikin siffofin na karshen, da kuma dace.

Saboda haka, tun dauke da sama misalai na dispositions da kuma takunkumi da laifi a cikin dokar, shi za a iya bayyana cewa, tsarin na karshen, kazalika da tsarin ta tanadi samar for dace da tasiri m aikace-aikace na laifi dokar, wanda damar domin tabbatar da doka da oda a cikin al'umma a dace matakin.