Arctic cisco inda al'ada, photo, da ban a kama

Don dandana jita-jita daga Arctic cisco bayar da dama abincin na duniya. Wannan shi ne gaskiya delicacy tare da wani dandano na musamman halaye. Amma ganin ganin an abin da Arctic cisco, sai su yi magana, a cikin yanayi, kadan sa'a.

Kimiyya m: rarrabuwa na jinsunan

Da farko, muna bayar da wani kimiyya rarrabuwa. Cisco - anadromous kifi, wanda nasa ne da aji na ray-finned kifi da kuma shiga cikin Salmoniformes tawagar. A iyali, wanda shi ne cisco, kira Salmon da kuma tseren - Sigi.

A kifi fi son benthic salon, shi ne omnivorous. A fannin ta mazauninsu maida hankali ne akan Arctic Ocean tasa da kuma Siberian koguna.

Abin da ya aikata "anadromous kifi"?

Kalmar "anadromous kifi" ta shafi wadanda rai sake zagayowar kara partially a cikin teku, da kuma wani lokacin a koguna, wanda gudu a cikin teku. Amma ga irin karkashin shawara, da whitefish spawn a koguna kamar kuma ciyar da filaye a jihar bakin teku sashi na Arctic Ocean. Wannan irin aka kira anadromous migratory kifi. Idan spawning kifi daga kogin da ke shiga cikin teku, to, shi ne ake kira catadromous.

bayyanar

Kifi omul (photo dauka a cikin labarin) ne kusan daidai, elongated jiki siffar. Wannan yana nufin cewa tsakiyar axis ya wuce ta tsakiyar jiki da kuma shugaban. Bakin kifi karshen, a cikin kananan size. Manya da ƙananan muƙamuƙi ne na daidai tsawon. matsakaici-sized idanu.

Boca kyau silvery launi, da kuma mayar da - da brownish-kore tint. Wani lokaci a bayyane a kan sasanninta, wani bakin ciki baki stripe. A ciki launi ne da yawa m. Arctic omul rufe m lafiya ma'auni. Ƙege da wutsiya, kazalika da tarnaƙi, silvery launi. A baya iya gani mai leathery unpaired fins, located bayan da dorsal. Ya kunshi adipose nama ba tare da filafilin kifi haskoki. A lokacin spawning, maza bayyana epithelial growths da sa gani bambance tsakanin maza da mãtã.

girma

Cisco, photo wanda ba ka damar saka da size da mutum kifi, wanda iya wuya a kira wata babbar. Middle wakilin yana da wani nauyi na game da 800 g Lokaci-lokaci masunta fadin ya fi girma mutane, wanda nauyi na iya zama har zuwa 2 kg. A jikin tsawon manyan samfurori da Arctic Cisco kamar 50-60 cm. A rayuwa na wannan nau'in daga 10 zuwa shekaru 18.

jinsunan

Describing abin da Arctic cisco, yawanci nufin iri biyu:

1. Coregonus autumnalis.
2. Coregonus autumnalis migratorius.

Nau'i na biyu da aka kira da Baikal omul. Wannan kifi ne endemic, inhabiting ruwa tare Lake Baikal. Daga cikin lake, inda saba cisco, shi ke zuwa spawn a cikin kogin. Wannan ya faru a cikin kaka, daga Satumba zuwa Nuwamba.

Baikalsky omul da ɗan fi girma fiye da talakawan nauyi kai fiye da 1 kg. Babbar babban kifi kama da masunta, da ciwon nauyi - 7 kg. A talakawan tsawon whitefish ne 60-70 cm. A yawan shiriritar da aka bayyana game da yadda wannan irin na iya zuba daga teku zuwa cikin lake. A bisa ga al'ada, da kifi da aka gano a matsayin wani subspecies na Arctic cisco (Coregonus autumnalis migratorius), amma latest sakamakon kwayoyin samfurori gano shi a matsayin mai zaman kanta jinsunan - Coregonus migratorius.

kimiyya shiriritar

Tun da karshe harsashi batu a cikin tabbatar da dalilin da Baikal omul ba tukuna kafa, shi ba zai zama superfluous don bayyana yadda masana kimiyya na kokarin bayyana ya bayyanar a cikin wani ruwa tare lake. Ya dauki mafi m jarrabawa 2:

1. Cisco a Lake Baikal ne a gida nau'i, watau shi ne a kifi endemic, wanda kakanninsa suka rayu a cikin ruwan tafkin miliyoyin shekaru da suka wuce. A goyon bayan wannan jarrabawa ne ba kawai hujjojin kimiyya, amma kuma labarin baki kafofin (Legends, labarai, songs). Kuma da bambanci da jarrabawa sa a gaba da ra'ayin cewa da endemic jinsunan maiyuwa bazai bayyana ba a cikin wasu sassa na duniya, da kuma kifi, kama da Baikal Cisco live a wurare da dama. Bugu da kari, cikin Arctic cisco ne sosai kadan bambanci daga Baikal.
2. Baikal omul swam a cikin tafkin a lokacin interglacial lokaci na Arctic Ocean tare da Lena River. A cikin tsaro na wannan jarrabawa ne facts na kamance tsakanin biyu jinsuna.

Duk da haka, ba a kayyade karatu, da Baikal omul da ɗan kusa da whitefish. Wannan na bukatar gabatarwa sabon theories game The Origin of Species.

A ban a kan whitefish kama kifi a Lake Baikal

Don kwanan wata, da Baikal omul aka barazana. Yana da ake zama kasa da kasa. Wannan ya kai ga cewa tada tambaya na a total ban kan gumãkan wannan jinsunan kifaye for shekaru 3, da suka fara a shekara ta 2017 Wannan gwargwado zai ajiye view da kuma mayar da shi a matsayin wani halitta hanya. More za a tsananin gurfanar da mafarauci, wanda ya ba da izini ba kama ton na kifi a kowace shekara.

Buyers ba za a shafa, kamar yadda a cikin kasuwanni da shaguna, shi za a iya maye gurbinsu Arctic omul kama a cikin teku (ko ta dandana daban-daban).

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa irin matakan riga dauka a 1969, lokacin da yawan da Baikal omul cin zarafi ba rage. The ban kasance a cikin karfi har 1979, bayan da aka kammala da cewa adadin dawo.

A feed a kan whitefish

Wurare inda saba omul, sanyi, oxygen-arziki, da ruwa mai tsarkakẽwa. Live view garkunan tumaki, ciyar a kan manyan crustaceans, gobies, toya na sauran kifi. Kifi suna dauke omnivorous. Idan akwai wani karin manyan ganima, su ne sauki auku a plankton. A lokacin da ciyar jinsunan ci wuya ya mayar da lamarinsa. Opts ga wannan bakin teku, m bay yankin. The ruwa ne ba ma m, m m.

Ikon Baikal cisco - zooplankton, amphipods (jinsunan crustaceans), matasa na sauran jinsinta.

haifuwa

A cikin Arctic cisco jima'i maturation auku a 4-8 shekaru. By wannan lokaci jikinsa ba kasa da 35 cm. A view of spawning yakan a cikin kogi, wucewa wani lokacin fiye da 1 000 km. A spawning kifi tafi ba ci, sakamakon hasarar da yawa na nauyi. A mãtã spawn da qwai a lokaci daya. Caviar daga whitefish kasa jinsunan. Shi ne ba m, game da girman kifi ne quite manyan. Qwai a diamita daga 1.5 zuwa 2.5 mm. Jinkirin caviar ba zauna a kan spawning filaye, shi ne nitsewa cikin ƙananan kai na gudãna. Abun Lura a kan kogin. Pechora nuna cewa spawning stock ya samu halartar mutane da daga 4 zuwa shekaru 13. Domin rayuwar mace spawns 2-3. Kai samame tafi qwai, kifi rafi nitsewa cikin teku.

Balagarsa Baikal omul ya auku a cikin shekaru 5 da shekaru. A wannan lokaci, ta tsawon -. Ba kasa da 28 cm a cikin spawning stock yanzu samfurori daga 4 zuwa 9 shekaru. A cikin kogin don jan iri Baikal omul ke biyu Shoals. Na farko shi ne a cikin farkon kaka (Satumba), na biyu a zazzabi na 4 ° C (Oktoba-Nuwamba). Spawning a zabi sashi ƙanƙara dutse-kasa da kuma m halin yanzu. Bayan spawning cisco jera daga cikin lake.

tattalin arziki muhimmanci

Omul nasa ne m kasuwanci kifi. Amma ya kama yana da iyaka. Fifiko hakkin ya kama Arctic cisco, misali, a cikin Chukotka yankin, su ne 'yan asalin mutane. A girma daga cikin halal kama ƙaddara da yankin samar da hukumar a kan tsari na anadromous kifi.