Girka ta tattalin arziki shi ne a yanzu (a takaice). Halaye na Greek tattalin arzikin. Tattalin arzikin na Ancient Girka

Girka ne a unitary jihar, wanda aka located a kudancin ɓangare na Turai. Bisa ga latest kimomi da al'ummar ta ne kawai a kan 11 da mutane miliyan. Helenawa Jamhuriyar maida hankali ne akan wani yanki na 132 dubu murabba'in mita. km. A halin yanzu, jihar ta babban tattalin arziki matsaloli, wanda ke haifar da babbar tituna zo da m buga, tarzoma, hasashe da kuma tsokana.

kasar Profile

A babban birnin kasar Girka ne Athens. Babban majalisu jiki - majalisar. A cikin bazara na shekarar 2015 da shugaban kasar ne Prokopis Pavlopoulos. Girka ta sami 'yanci a 1821, a rabu da Ottoman Khalifanci.

Located a unitary jihar a cikin Balkan Larabawa. Ƙarƙashin mulkin kasar ya fada cikin da yawa yankin tsibirin. Girka kanta ne zuwa kashi 13 administrative yankuna. Wanke Thracian, Icarian, Aegean, Crete, Ionian da kuma Rum tekuna. A total kan iyaka da kasashe irin su Albania, Bulgaria, Turkey da kuma Macedonia. Yawan jama'a da 98% Orthodox. Duk da arzikin al'adu da tarihi da al'adunmu, na yanzu matsayi na Girka a duniya siyasa da tattalin arziki da kowane wucewa rana shi ya zama ƙara tenuous. A kasar da aka mamaye da aikin gona da kuma bangaren masana'antu. A babba ɓangare na riba na jihar bautar da yawon shakatawa.

Asalin da tattalin arzikin

Ancient Girka da aka kira tsoho kauyuka da cewa sun bayyana a farkon na farko Millennium BC. e. a kan Coast da kuma tsibiran na Bahar Rum. A waɗannan kwanaki, mafi m wayewar kasance kamar Roma da kuma Girka. A tattalin arzikin da aka dogara ne a kan bawa tsarin. Shi ne zaman kansa dukiya aka kafa harsashin ginin tattalin arziki aiki.

{Ungiyoyin jama'a da kuma statehood kafa hankali da ci gaban mulkin demokra] iyya. Hellas ya asali an aristocratic jamhuriyar. A tattalin arzikin na zamanin d Girka dogara gaba ɗaya kan tattalin arziki aiki na manufofin da aka kafa ta da bazuwar daga cikin al'umma. Kowane birni sõyayya dũkiyar aristocrats. Members na iyakacin duniya da siyasa da} ungiyoyin 'yancin. Sai waɗanda suka aza harsashin ginin monetary da kayayyaki tsakaninsu. A farko ga tattalin arziki, ya noma, misali, namo na inabõbi da zãitũni. Wadannan shige dabbõbi (da tumaki, da awaki, da sauransu. D.). Sana'a da kuma manoma tsunduma a harkokin ciniki. Back a cikin tsohon zamanin kasar Girka ƙasashe sun arziki a cikin irin wannan amfani da albarkatun kamar tagulla, da na azurfa, da zinariya, da gubar, da marmara.

A ci gaba da wani zamani tattalin arzikin

A heyday kudi yi Dates baya zuwa 1996. Saboda haka GDP zambar game $ 120 biliyan. Per mutum a kowace shekara sami $ 11.500. Sa'an nan, da tsauri girma rates na samu tsakanin shugabannin kasashen Turai shi ne kawai Girka. A jamhuriyar ta tattalin arzikin a lokacin da aka bisa ga nasarar aikin noma da kuma masana'antu. A rabo daga wadannan sassa lissafta fiye da 55%. Sauran kashi raba tsakanin ayyuka da kuma haraji daga yawon shakatawa da kungiyoyi. Rashin aikin yi ba ya wuce 11%.

Farko na 21th karni da aka alama ta kasar manyan kudi canje-canje. A Girka abruptly ja da waje masu zuba jari. A daya hannun, shi ne don daidaita tattalin arzikin da kuma rufe gibba a wasu muhimmanci madaidaci. A gefe - kasa tsarin da daidaita da wa Western hadewa. A sakamakon haka, kasar Girka ya zama sannu-sannu ba da hanyar da abokan a cikin Tarayyar Turai. Rike babban birnin kasar kawai taimaka multibillion rance daga American, Italiyanci, Faransanci, Swiss da kuma Jamus bankuna. Duk da haka, babban halayyar da Greek tattalin arzikin da sassa zauna kusan canzawa. GDP daga aikin noma ne 8.3%, masana'antu zone - up 27,3% daga sabis - fiye da 64,4%. A daidai wannan lokaci da bukatun jama'a a cikin ruwa da man fetur zoba kawai a kudi na shigo.

Janar tattalin arzikin Manuniya

Daya daga cikin agro-ɓullo da al'umman Turai sun dade da aka dauke su Girka. Tattalin arzikin kasar a kan m fi gaban ko da wasu daga cikin na farko mambobi na kungiyar EU. Iyakar abin da downside cewa hana bunkasa masana'antu na kasar Girka, ne talakawan matakin na samar.

Jihar kansu na samar da dan kadan kasa da rabin na GDP. Wannan shi ne cimma ta da kyau-raya cinikayya da da banki tsarin. Su share na samun kudin shiga da kuma kawo kamfanonin inshora, da kuma harkokin yawon shakatawa. Amma ga masana'antu, a cikin 'yan shekaru da mafi m ne yadi, petrochemical, abinci da kuma metallurgical masana'antu. Bi da bi, da dogo mahada rauni ne, wanda ba iska da teku. A general, da Girkanci tattalin arzikin da aka takaice halin da biyu aka gyara: da stagnation na banki tsarin da kuma rage girma na GDP. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa game da 20% na tsabar kudi yawa zauna inuwa tranches.

Masana'antu da kuma aikin noma,

A aluma tsarin da kasa da aka ɓullo da unevenly da disproportionately ko'ina. Amma a cikin haske masana'antu daya daga cikin manyan ikokin ne sake Girka. Tattalin arzikin kasar da aka bayansa daga wannan sana'ar kamun kifaye kayayyakin da kusan 19%. A daidai wannan lokaci da hannu a cikin haske masana'antu fiye da 21% na al'ummar jihar.

Rayayye ana mined nickel tama, haƙar Emery, magnetite, pyrite. To ci gaba da samar da karfe, inji aikin injiniya, woodworking. Fifiko ne yadi masana'antu. Muhimmanci ga tattalin arzikin da aka shipping.

Noma, ta dogara ne a kan zaman kansa manomi da ƙungiyoyi. Saboda su da Greek tattalin arzikin da aka bayansa da shekara ta 7%, kuma shi ne game da $ 16 miliyan dubu. Bakan hada da aikin gona da dabba husbandry, aikin noma da kuma kamun kifi. Don kwanan wata, 41% na kasar ta ƙasar shagaltar da makiyaya, yet 39% - gandun daji da kuma noma.

Tourist riba

Girka a shekara ziyarci ta game da 20 miliyan baƙi. Yawon bude ido kawo a jihar taskar fiye da 15% na GDP. A mafi akai-akai ziyarci wuraren ne rairayin bakin teku. Sunbathers kuma yin iyo zo a kowace bazara a Athens, Chora, Heraklion, Thessaloniki da sauran babban makõma garuruwa. Jawo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa tare da kyau da kuma m yanayi na jituwa da kuma tsibiran kamar Rhodes, Crete, Santorini, Peloponnese, Mykonos. Kada zama amiss a ce game da yawa cruise yawon shakatawa na Bahar Rum.

Duk da haka, a cikin na karshe biyu na shekaru akwai ya kasance wani babba sailing yawon bude ido. Kawai a cikin farkon rabin shekarar 2015 akwai 22% kasa da annabta. Saboda haka, tattalin arzikin Girka ya rasa game 6,8 dala biliyan.

Mutane da yawa yawon bude ido ce cewa ba da jimawa ba da riba in je hutu a cikin Crimea, Bulgaria ko Turkey. Akwai kuma m farashin da kuma mafi ingancin sabis.

The bashi rikicin

A kowace shekara zuba jari rance Girka inexorably tashi. Don kwanan wata, external bashi na jihar ne fiye da 450 kudin Euro biliyan. Wannan adadin ya wuce shekara-shekara GDP da kusan sau 2. Sai dai itace, a cikin wannan sau daya-nasara kasar kamar Girka, da tattalin arzikin rataye a cikin balance. A cewar masana, jimlar basusuka a 2018 zai iya isa 600 kudin Euro biliyan. Wannan shi ne wani mataki idan cewa ruxani ba kawai Greek banki tsarin, amma kuma zuwa Turai daidaituwa. Babu shakka, akwai wani dividends ko da ga m biya.

A Girkanci gwamnatin cikin sauri ya fara bada manyan masu zuba jari da aminci ga kamfanonin shirin. Duk da haka, zai kawai fasa da makawa. Default a kasar ya riga ya fara.

A Sanadin da rikicin kudi

Girka ta tattalin arziki shi ne a yanzu a wani mataki na stagnation. A Janairu 2015 wata sabuwar gwamnati a kasar. ministoci aiki ya bincika madadin hanyoyi don daidaita tattalin arzikin ba tare da taimako na Turai Babban Bankin.

A watan Maris shekarar 2015 Girka ki biya bashin, cimma a wani m nau'i na ta m write-offs. A watan Yuni, duk da ma'amaloli aka kare da Athens International Asusun bada lamuni. Ci gaban da aka samu, da kuma tare da Babban Bankin Turai. Haka kuma, a farkon watan Yuli, gwamnatin goyon sakamakon zaben raba gardama a kan ƙi da EU agaji. Saboda haka, Girka ta tattalin arzikin yau - yana da zurfin tsoho, da fitarwa na wadda za a iya samu ba nan da nan.

bashi taimakon

Fat kwatsam a tabbatar zaman lafiyar rikicin halin da ake ciki ne yarda da Turai Hukumar. Kungiyar shirya don samar da Girka da rance ga wani ajali na a cikin adadin 7 kudin Euro biliyan. Wannan zai dan lokaci jagoranci kasar daga tsoho. Duk da haka, to sãka wannan adadin zai yi har Oktoba na wannan shekara, har zuwa. Tare da Girka, rance da sauran yanayi kafa da za a amince da wani musamman hukumar na EU.

Bisa ga latest news, ya bayyana sarai cewa jam'iyyar na Alexis Tsipras da kuma mafiya yawa daga cikin wakilan majalisar zabe domin amincewa da yarjejeniyar tare da kungiyar EU. Yanzu Girka za ta samu damar dawo da m.