Fama helikofta Mi-35m: tarihi, description da halaye

Mi-35m - shi ne mai fitarwa version na Rasha fama helikofta Mi-24, BM, wanda shi ne wani gyara daga cikin shahararrun Soviet rotorcraft. Soviet matukan jirgi kira shi "tashi tank" by misalin da aka sani a lokacin yakin duniya na II jirgin saman soja jirage Il-2. Unofficial laƙabi fama naúrar shi ne "kada" saboda wani template for a sake kamanni saukar ungulu.

Lokacin da akwai wanda ya riga da Mi-35m?

A farkon shekarun 1960s, da Soviet zanen Mikhail Mil, shi ya bayyana cewa Trend zuwa taba-kara motsi na yaƙi zai kai ga halittar Flying dakaru fada motocin na goyon bayan cewa za a iya amfani da su na yin duka biyu fama da kai da matsaloli. A farko helikofta izgili-24, ya bayyana wannan ra'ayi, ɓullo karkashin jagorancin Mile, da aka gabatar a shekarar 1966 a cikin gwaji shagon na ma'aikatar sufurin jiragen sama Industry. A ra'ayi na wannan samfurin da aka dogara ne a kan wani aiki - a general-manufa helikofta V-22, wanda shi ne da kanta ba ya tashi. B-24 yana tsakiyar fasinja da kaya daki, wanda zai iya saukar da mutane takwas zaune mayar da shi baya tare da kananan fuka-fuki da m na dauke da har zuwa shida da makamai masu linzami da kuma a saman raya na helikofta, kazalika da twin-ganga gun.

Yanke shawarar fara tasowa

Miles miƙa masa zane shugaban kasar Rasha sojojin. Duk da yake shi ya samu goyon bayan da dama soja shugabannin, wasu daga cikinsu sun ji cewa ci gaban da makami zai zama mafi amfani da albarkatun. Duk da 'yan adawa, Mil gudanar ya lallashe da farko mataimakin ministan tsaro, Marshal Andrei Grechko, to kira wani gwani don nazarin batun. A karshen, da tsari Mile lashe, da kuma tsaron request domin ci gaba da helikofta, don tallafa wa sojojin ƙasa da aka bayar. Saboda haka suka fara wani dogon tafiya na fama helikofta Mi-35m. A tarihin ta ci gaba da ya faru a kan bango na ci gaba da kuma yin amfani da fama da hari jirage masu saukar ungulu daga US Army a lokacin da Vietnam War. Su m aikace-aikace ya gamsar da Soviet jagoranci a cikin m helikofta abũbuwan amfãni, kuma ya taimaka tallafawa da ci gaban da Mi-24 aikin, wanda a cikin lokaci ya zama mai saukar ungulu (Mil) Mi-35m.

Ci gaba a ci gaba

Da farko Mil injiniyoyi shirya biyu na asali zane zaɓuɓɓuka: 7-ton guda-engine da twin-engine 10.5 ton. May 6, 1968 da aka bayar da umarni a fara tasowa na biyu version. A aikin da aka jagorancin Mil har zuwa rasuwarsa a 1970. Design fara aiki a watan Agusta 1968. cikakken sikelin model saukar ungulu da aka sake nazari da kuma amince a watan Fabrairu 1969. Flight gwaje-gwaje na samfur, daga baya samo asali a cikin Mi-35m helikofta fara Satumba 15, 1969 tare da tunani shiriya tsarin, da kuma na farko free jirgin da aka gudanar bayan kwanaki hudu. Yana da aka zarar gina da kuma na biyu kwafin, sa'an nan saki daga wani gwajin tsari na goma jirage masu saukar ungulu.

Ingantawa a kan lura da soja

Yarda da gwaje-gwaje na prototypes halin yanzu Mi-35m jirage masu saukar ungulu - Mi-24 - ya fara a Yuni 1970, wanzuwa ga watanni 18. Canje-canje a zane, da aka nufin kyautata tsarin ƙarfi, kawar da matsalar da gajiya da kuma rage vibration. Bugu da kari, wani mummunan 12-mataki gangara da aka gabatar a fuka-fuki na saukar ungulu domin kawar da hali to a yaw daga gefe zuwa goyi at gudu fiye da 200 km / h, da kuma makami mai linzami pylons hadaddun "Phalanx-M" da aka canjawa wuri daga fuselage to reshe tip. A wutsiya na'ura mai juyi an koma daga dama zuwa hagu na wutsiya, da kuma shugabanci na juyawa ne juyawa. A dama sauran zane canje-canje da aka sanya don fara samar da farko version na Mi-24A a shekarar 1970. Bayan samun tabbaci na su yi a 1971, a shekara daga baya, ta hukumance a karɓa a cikin sabis.

An bayyani na tsarin

M shi da aka aro daga Mi-8 (NATO rahoton sunan "Hip") da biyu turbo sama, wani biyar-ruwa main na'ura mai juyi da kuma uku-ruwa wutsiya na'ura mai juyi. engine sanyi ba Mi-35m ta halayyar inlets a garesu na fuselage. The asali version yana da jummai Matuka jirgin makirci: sanya a gaban kibau, da kuma sama da shi, kuma kadan bayan da matukin jirgi zaune.

A fuselage na Mi-24 da aka dauke da sulke da kuma iya tsayayya hits daga 12.7 mm harsasai daga duk kwatance. Titanium ruwan wukake ne ma resistant zuwa 12.7 mm ammonium. A gida ana kiyaye shi ta bulletproof windscreens da kwanon rufi-karfafa titanium. A shãfe haske Matuka jirgin kiyaye haddi matsa lamba don kare ma'aikatan jirgin a cikin yanayi na rediyoaktif samu.

jirgin yi

Babba da hankali da aka bai wa ba da Mi-24, matsakaicin yiwu gudun. Fuselage aka sanya streamlined kuma sanye take da retractable saukowa kaya, don rage ja. A high gudu da fuka-fuki samar da babba daga (zuwa kwata na yawan yawa). Babban dunƙule aka karkata a 2,5 ° to da dama daga cikin fuselage rama domin da hali to skew a cikin keken jihar. A shasi ne ma tilted zuwa hagu, wanda ya ƙaryata game da dukan fama helikofta Mi-35 a cikin shugabanci a lokacin da ya ke kan ƙasa. Kamar wancan ne babban dunƙule aka located in a kwance jirgin sama. A wutsiya ne ma asymmetric, wanda halitta a kaikaice da karfi a kan shi a gudun, haka ya ɗauke wutsiya na'ura mai juyi.

Gyare-gyare na asali model

A farko kasuwanci, akwai tun shekara ta 1971, da helikofta zama Mi-24A. Ya ba da wani jummai Matuka jirgin, kuma ta wutsiya na'ura mai juyi ne da farko located a kan dama. Bayan da canja wurin da sukurori a gefen hagu na shi ya zauna a can ga dukan m model.

Da suka tafi zuwa cikin na gaba jerin da 1973 model helikofta Mi-24D. Yana farko bayyana jummai Matuka jirgin.

Tun shekarar 1976, da serial samar model tafi zuwa ga Mi-24V, wanda da farko ya bayyana anti-makami mai linzami tsarin Sturm-V. Har shekara ta 1986, suka shigar a total na 4, sa'an nan da lambar karu zuwa 16.

A ganiya na Soviet mataki na iri ci gaban da Mi-24 da aka model na Mi-24 EP, samar tun 1989. Bugu da ƙari antitank linzami Mi-24 da aka sanye take da makamai masu linzami da VI "iska-to-air" da kuma Sams "Allura-C". Saboda haka, ya iya buga biyu ƙasa gashi kuma iska hari (jirage masu saukar ungulu, jirage, ƙasa hari da jirgin sama. UAVs). Ya American takwaransa AH-64A Apache ne muhimmanci mafi ƙaranci daga gare shi a gudun, fama damar. tsaro.

Rasha mataki na zamani daga cikin iri

Tare da rushewar Tarayyar Soviet aka katse ga shekaru fiye da 20 da kuma ci gaban da sanannen iyali na "Mil" hari jirage masu saukar ungulu. Model Mi-24 EP aka saki kawai 30 kofe.

A karshe a karo na biyu da rabi na 2000 akwai wani zalla Rasha model na Mi-24VM. Ya gyarawa saukowa kaya, shi yana iya kawo wadannan iri da makamai masu linzami: anti-type "iska-iska" da kuma anti-aircraft type "Igla-V". Domin kariya daga ƙasar MPADS suggestive thermal radiation na helikofta engine, shi ne sanye take da wani infrared tsangwama kariya.

A fitarwa Mi-24VM aka tsĩrar karkashin nadi Mi-35m. Ta yaya ya yi kama? Pictures of real fama da motocin za su iya ba ko da yaushe canja wurin duk zane fasali. Very bayyana nufin su roba model na Mi-35m (1:72) "The Star", shi ne tartsatsi tsakanin Rasha da kuma kasashen waje masoya na jirgin sama fasahar da aka nuna a cikin hoto a kasa.

Speed rikodin a kan Mi-24V

Ya kasance ya fi na kowa model na fama abin hawa. Mi-24V da aka kafa da dama duniya gudun rikodi da kuma Yunƙurin lokaci zuwa qaddara tsawo. The saukar ungulu da aka modified haka kamar yadda zai yiwu don rage nauyi - daya daga cikin inganta ya kau da stub fuka-fuki.

Da dama daga littafin tarihin a cikin daban-daban Categories a kan Mi-24V an shigar mace ƙungiya daga Galina Rastorgueva da Lyudmily Polyanskoy a 70s na karshe karni. Tun Yuli 16, 1975 sun kai gudun 341.32 km / h lokacin tashi a wani mike layin a nesa na 15/25 km, kuma Yuli 18, 1975 kafa gudun rikodin a 334.46 km / h a tsakiyar pivot 100 km . 1 Agusta 1975, tare da jirgin da'irar 500 km darajar da aka 331.02 km / h, kuma a ranar 13 ga Agusta 1975, tare da motsi ba tare da dangi tare rufaffiyar hanya tsawon na 1000 km helikofta tarwatsa to 332.65 km / hr. Wadannan records ana sa har zuwa ranar.

Kwatanta da Western jirage masu saukar ungulu

Abin da ya bambanta Mi-35m? Yana hadawa da halaye na ingancin da sulke yãƙi abin hawa da kuma sufuri saukar ungulu. Ba shi da wani kai tsaye takwaransa a cikin rundunar NATO kasashen. An sani cewa jirage masu saukar ungulu uh-1 ( "Huey") da aka yi amfani da lokacin da Vietnam War ko ga harkokin sufuri na sojojin, ko kuma kamar yadda mai fada inji, amma ba su kasance sunã iya yin biyu daga cikin wadannan ayyuka a layi daya. Tana mayar uh-1 helikofta gunship nufi yanã fizge tufarsu daga dukan daki ga fasinjoji karkashin ƙarin man fetur da kuma harsasai, da kuma yadda wani sakamako, asarar damar da za su amfani da shi a matsayin wani abin hawa. Mi-24 da kuma duk da m gyare-gyare, ciki har da Mi-35m da aka tsara don yin duka biyu ayyuka, kuma yana yiwuwa ya tabbatar a lokacin da yaki a Afghanistan a 1980-1989.

A mafi kusa Yammacin kwatankwacin shi ya Sikorsky S-67 Blackhawk, wanda amfani da yawa daga cikin wannan zane akida, da kuma aka gina a matsayin high-gudun, sosai maneuverable hari saukar ungulu tare da iyakance isar iya aiki da kuma yin amfani da wani sa na nodes daga baya model Sikorsky S-61. S-67, duk da haka, ba a karɓa domin sabis. A Mi-24 da aka mai suna a duniya kawai "hari helikofta" ta hade da firepower da ikon safarar sojoji.