Essential hauhawar jini - abin da yake da shi? Essential hauhawar jini: magani, yin rigakafi

Bisa ga bayanin da aka buga ta WHO a 1998, game da kwata na yawan balagaggun shan wahala daga ailments alaka hawan jini. A cikin shekaru 40 da shekaru, da abin da ya faru shi ne ma mafi girma, watau kusa da 50%. Ya dogara da hadarin dalilai da kuma abin da ake ci halaye na mutane da suke zaune a wani Gwargwadon yanki. Duk da haka, duka lokuta da cutar za a iya raba kungiyoyin biyu: na farko da kuma na biyu hauhawar jini.

Janar bayani game da hauhawar jini

A farko yana da muhimmanci hauhawar jini. Mene ne wannan? Da cutar, nan da nan hanyar wanda ake dangantawa da wani kayyade predisposition, kunna wani yawan hadarin dalilai. Saboda haka, da muhimmanci hauhawar jini - Pathology, ci gaban da aka riga rajista daga haihuwa. Kuma yiwuwar ta bayyana dogara a kan hadarin dalilai, mafi daidai, da su hade.

Don kwatanta, primary hauhawar jini (muhimmanci hauhawar jini) ya auku a 90% na duk lokuta. Secondary hauhawar jini ne ƙasa da na kowa: 10% na lokuta. An fi dangantawa da hormonal cuta a cikin abin da karuwa a matsa lamba - kawai wani alama. A cututtuka na adrenal gland, hypothalamus kuma pituitary gland shine yake, thyroid, alaka da Hyperactivity, yana bunkasa sakandare hauhawar jini, wanda ya dogara kadan a kan data kasance hadarin dalilai.

Halitta predictors na hauhawar jini

A tsari na jini ne mai hadaddun humoral aiwatar hade da sakamako na hormones da kuma enzymes. Malkisadik ya dogara da ci gaban da aiki na gabobin alhakin shi. A wani tabbatacce ko korau feedback adadin matsakanci ko enzyme ƙaruwa, wanda activates aiwatar da kara jini. A cikin jiki, wannan inji da nufin karfafa Na'urar a cikin halayen martani ga danniya.

Duk da sunadaran da danniya martani ga kara kuzari na genetically aza. Lokacin da lahani na tsarin halittar da kai, da jijiyoyin bugun gini pressor da depressor tsarin bayyana predictors cuta. Duk da haka, shi ne ba a saukar takamaiman sunadaran chromosomal gene canje-canje da zai kai ga bayyanar lahani. Ko da yake irin wannan gyare-gyare suna daukar kwayar cutar hereditarily. Kuma mafi sau da yawa gano ne kwayoyin lahani kuma anomalies:

• Bambance-bambance na genes tsarin alhakin kira na angiotensinogen.
• canza tsarin halittar da coding ga magana daga angiotensin II tsoka mai amsa sigina.
• magudi da kuma anomalies gene tsarin angiotensin tana mayar enzyme hadaddun.
• canza tsarin halittar da alhakin tsarin da kuma yawan hada renin.
• Bambancin aldosterone synthase gene.
• genetically niyya canje-canje a cikin tsarin gina jiki beta subunits amiloridchuvstvitelnogo sodium tashar a koda tubules.

A irin wannan cuta, kamar yadda da muhimmanci jijiya hauhawar jini, bayyanar cututtuka da cutar suna bayyana ne kawai a m lokaci. Da farko, a lokacin da cutar kusan ganuwa. A daidai wannan tabbatar da ilimin kididdiga gwada bane wanda baƙar fata mafi sau da yawa fiye da sauran mutane sha hauhawar jini. Dalilin wannan shi ne aibi na endothelial dalilai farga depressor sakamako a arterioles da capillaries.

Digest na hauhawar jini hadarin dalilai

A irin wannan cuta a matsayin muhimmin hauhawar jini, cututtuka, haddasawa da kuma magani ya dogara ne a kan hadarin dalilai gano. Idan lura mutum na da kwayoyin predisposition zuwa hauhawar jini, da cutar da kanta ba dole ba ne bayyana kanta. Ya dogara da takamaiman dalilai. A mafi girma da lambar, da mafi kusantar da cutar bayyana. Kuma cikin muhimman abubuwan ne da wadannan:

• kara a jiki nauyi (tare da wani BMI mafi girma daga 25).
• shan taba da kuma na yau da kullum barasa amfani.
• karuwa da gishiri ci na pickled kayayyakin.
• low jiki aiki, kasa tuki yanayin.
• gaban concomitant rayuwa ciwo (ciwon sukari, gout, atherosclerosis).
• m wani tunanin danniya.

A hade da hadarin dalilai

Daya kawai kayyade predisposition domin ci gaba da cuta ne bai isa ba. Sau da yawa, ko da a gaban daya daga cikin matsalolin na daban ba haifar da wani asibiti gagarumin karuwa a matsa lamba. Duk da haka, su hade muhimmanci ƙara da alama na cutar. Yana kuma kayyade magani da cutar: Essential hauhawar jini ne fiye da wuya a far a gaban babban yawan hadarin dalilai. Lokacin da su ne karami, da magani fiye da nasarar, da kuma hari ne cimma by ta amfani da karami yawan kayayyakin.

A mafi m dalilai hade da cin cuta da kiba, shan taba, barasa amfani da low jiki aiki. Haka kuma, ba-modifiable factor a nan shi ne a kayyade predisposition. Duk da wasu za a iya canja. A saboda wannan dalili rage cin abinci, jiki da horo, da bada sama miyagun halaye. Wadannan dabaru ne gyare-gyare na hadarin dalilai asusu domin dukan kewayon yiwu events amfani da su bi hauhawar jini na digiri.

Symptomatic hauhawar jini halayyar

Ko da kuwa da zaunar da rinjayen marasa lafiya, ba da yawa, kuma da yawa daga cikin alamomin bayyana muhimmanci hauhawar jini. Mene ne wannan? Kuma duk da gabatar ba yana nufin cewa asalin cuta iya bayyana kanta asibiti. Marasa lafiya da data kasance hauhawar jini ba zai ji matsa lamba karuwa, ko da yake da darajar iya karu da kashi 20 cikin dari ko fiye daga baseline. Kuma idan systolic matsa lamba yakan to 140 ko fiye da raka'a, kuma diastolic - har zuwa 90 da kuma a sama, da ganewar asali an riga an karfafuwa.

Phasic bayyanar cututtuka na hauhawar jini

A farko mataki hauhawar jini symptomatic halayyar sparse. Clinical ãyõyi iya zama, ko wani lokacin da haƙuri damu redness na kumatunta da wani Warming abin mamaki a cikin mutum. Wani lokaci marasa lafiya koka zafi a cikin kunnuwa, sweating. Hakika, kawai a kan tushen da na asibiti ãyõyi data ne m don amfani da gwani.

Lokacin da na biyu ikon muhimmanci hauhawar jini (ICD-10 code I10) bayyana wani dan kadan ya fi girma yawan asibiti ãyõyi. Iya ta da ciwon kai: suna da hali na crushing, kuma ya ji a baya na kansa, kuma parietal yankunan da shugaban. Marasa lafiya damu game blackouts da kuma "rawar kwari." Sau da yawa, wadannan alamu bayyana bayan jiki exertion hade tare da dagawa, ko dauke da nauyi. II cikinsa da digiri na cutar halin Yunƙurin a cikin kewayon 160-179 SBP, diastolic - 100-109 mmHg.

Grade III muhimmanci hauhawar jini da cutar: abin da yake da shi? Ci matsa lamba karuwa sama da 180 - don systolic da kuma sama da 110 - diastolic. A wannan mataki, da matsa lamba karuwa ne kusan ko da yaushe asibiti m, kuma shi ne kamar a cikin na farko guda biyu digiri. Amma lura shi ne mafi yawa hadaddun da ya kamata sun hada biyu ko fiye da azuzuwan da kwayoyi tare da yin amfani da karin da symptomatic kwayoyi.

Modern ka'idodinta magani

A irin wannan cuta, kamar yadda da muhimmanci jijiya hauhawar jini, magani haddasawa kai tsaye sa m Pathology ne m gwargwado. Cuta na faruwa saboda wani kayyade predisposition, cewa shi ne saboda dalilai da cewa ba za a iya rinjayi. Domin shi ne muhimmanci don rage muhimmancin wasu dalilai, yayin da ake ji da symptomatic magani wajen.

Yau akwai 7 azuzuwan da kwayoyi da cewa suna bi da muhimmanci hauhawar jini: abin da shi ne ta fuskar shaida-tushen magani? Wannan yana nufin cewa far dole ne a kusanta tsare, da cewa shi ne, don amfani mai hade da magani. A farko aji ne blockers da ACE angiotensin rabe. By ta amfani da daya daga wannan aji da kwayoyi da aka samu ta matsa lamba raguwa.

Amma sau da yawa, har ma a kalla kullum kashi na talauci sarrafawa muhimmanci hauhawar jini. Hanyar domin ganewa da kuma lura da irin wannan yanayi, duk da haka, an riga an kafa. Su ne bukatar kai-matsa lamba iko. Idan shi yakan sama da adadi na 140 a lokacin jiyya, to, kana so ka nema wani aji na kwayoyi. Haka kuma dauki symptomatic magani, misali, lokacin da zuciya rate raguwa, kayan haɓɓaka aiki na diuresis ko amfani da alli tashar blockers. Domin duk irin al'amurran da suka shafi, shawarci likitan.