Erich Kastner: biography da kuma aiki na marubuci

Erich Kastner (1899-1974), Jamus marubuci kuma mai zargi, a 'yan qasar na Dresden, ya lashe da shahararsa saboda da m litattafan ga yara da kuma Topical shayari da tabawa da satire.

yara

Game da yara na marubuci za a iya samu a cikin aikinsa mai taken "Lokacin da nake ɗan akuya." Na sada texts samuwa a kan yanar gizo, an san ba sosai: yaron ya girma a Dresden, kuma a shekaru 14 ya hade da malamai 'darussa. Duk da haka, bayan shekaru uku, in an jima kafin na aikin karshen Erich Kastner katse horo. Daga baya, wadannan abubuwan da suka faru da aka bayyana by marubucin a cikin littafinsa "The Flying Classroom".

A gidan inda yaron ya rayu tare da iyalinsa, located a kan Konigsbryuker Straße. Yanzu shi ne ba da nisa daga gidan kayan gargajiya sadaukar da marubuci. Uba Kestner aiki saddler, kuma uwarsa gudanar ya ziyarci uku "matsayin": bawa, bawa da wanzami.

Matashin sosai m ta, don haka ko da bayan ya bar gidan ubansa da farkon na farko Duniya (1917), ya ci gaba da rubuta mahaifiyarsa, rubuta m haruffa da kuma katunan gaisuwa. M ji for ta Erich Kastner sha wahala a ayyukansu. Bugu da ƙari, hali ba rincabewa ko da tare da fitowan na jita-jita, da cewa ta cheated a kan mijinta da su iyali likita Emilem Tsimmermanom. Duk da haka, wannan bayani ba a tabbatar, kazalika da zaton cewa Erich iya zama ɗansa.

ƙaramin shekaru

Bayan da aka girke a cikin aikin soja, da saurayin da aka horar a cikin kamfanin na nauyi manyan bindigogi. Wannan ya tabbatar da zama da wuya sosai gwajin ga matasa Kestner da kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin samuwar ya kallon duniya.

A cikin sojojin, Erich tam ya fadi na sukar, abu ga ci gaban da cututtukan zuciya a nan gaba marubuci. Da ɗan baya, siffar ubangijinsa saja Vauriha laifin zai bayyana a wani satirical waqe isgilancinsu da Jamus sojojin kasar da kuma mutane kamar cewa, Ni yarda su goyi bayan wannan manufofin.

aiki

Bayan kammala farko World Erich Kastner aka lasafta a cikin University of Leipzig, wanda ya ba da zabi zuwa ga al'adu da wasan kwaikwayo da karatu. Duk da haka, da horo da aka ba free, kuma babu komai a Aljihuna tilasta wannan saurayi ya gani a kan bukatar part-time aiki, duk da "Gold malanta," ya samu a baya.

A sakamakon haka, Kastner kokarin da yawa: daga turare mai sayarwa zuwa mataimakin stockbroker. Bayan kare rubutun a shekara ta 1925, Erich fara zarabyvat a aikin jarida zargi na Theatrical wasanni a cikin shafi na daya daga cikin gida jaridu, amma bayan shekaru biyu da aka sallame. Wani saurayi da ake zargi da frivolous hali ga rubutu da waka "Maraice Song jam'iyya virtuoso", wanda yana da wani sarari na batsa overtones.

Kusan nan da nan bayan abubuwan da suka faru da aka bayyana Kestner Erih koma Berlin don ci gaba da aiki a dukkan wannan jarida, kamar yadda wani freelancer al'ada sashen. A tsawon lokaci, da matasa tafi, ta hanyar mai yawa sunayen laƙabi karkashin wanda wallafa labarin: Berthold Burger, Melchior Kurtz, Peter Flint da kuma Robert Neuner.

Don kwanan wata, da ya zama sananne cewa, a cikin tsawon daga shekarar 1923 zuwa 1933. Kestner, ya rubuta fiye da 350 articles. A daidai lambar da yake ba a sani ba, saboda da dama ayyukan marubuci da aka hallaka da wuta a shekarar 1944.

A lokacin daga 1926 zuwa 1932. Jaridar Beyers für All zo kadan kasa da ɗari biyu daban-daban labaru da kuma riddles yara, rubuta Erich kuma aka buga a karkashin pseudonym da Klaus da Clare. Bugu da kari, mutumin wallafa articles da sauran kayan cikin daban-daban periodicals, abin da sauri sanã'anta shi wani suna a cikin ilimi da'ira a Berlin.

Erich Kastner: marubucin

Littafin farko na Littafi da marubuci, da aka buga a 1928, shi ne mai tarin waqe, kazalika da gaba uku. A shekara daga baya, ya sanya ayyukan a litattafan, daya daga cikinsu (yara labari "Emil da bincike,") shi ne Popular ya zuwa yanzu. A shi yin fim da dama fina-finai da kuma ko da wani mini-series, ko da yake mãkirci ne sosai farko film karbuwa da aka sanya wasu canje-canje, daidai da bukatun da lokaci.

Da ɗan baya, wasu yara ayyukan da aka buga: "Anton Button," "The Flying Classroom", "Biyu Lotta". The kawai labari cewa yana da darajar cikin sharuddan wallafe-wallafen darajar, suna dauke da aka buga, a 1931, "Fabian: The Story of a moralist."

A shekara ta 1933, Erich Kastner, wanda littattafai da aka kone a matsayin discrediting da objecting zuwa Jamus ruhu da aka cire daga Writers 'Union bayan da dama interrogations da Gestapo. Marubuci, sauran a Berlin saboda rashin so jefa mahaifiyarsa, wanda kaina jagoranci da "wuta show" a kan square.

A sakamakon haka, a cikin na uku Reich bazawa na ayyukansa ya tsananin haramta, amma Erich ya iya buga a Switzerland, wasu quite m litattafan.

Bayan da yaki, marubucin zai rubuta wani autobiographical labari game da yara shekaru "Lokacin da nake dan," kazalika "Little Max" da kuma "Little Max da Little Miss" (1957), sadaukar da dansa Erich.

Kestner karshe ayyuka, da aka buga a 1961, zai zama ya diary, "Nota Bene 45".

Bayan yakin duniya na biyu

A shekarar 1944 lebur Kestner ƙone a harin bom, don haka a lokacin da yaki ya kan, marubuci koma Munich, inda ya ɗauki wani babban jami'in matsayi a cikin Department of gida jaridar, ya yi magana a rediyo da kuma a cikin wallafe-wallafen Cabaret.

A fili, saboda irin wannan m rai na Kestner Erih ya kasance ba aure, amma yana da wani ƙaunataccen ɗana Thomas. Marubuci ya rasu a wani asibitin Munich (Neuperlach) a cikin watan Yuli na shekarar 1974, aka binne shi a cikin hurumi na St. George.