Epitaph - dutsen kabari Kwalayen Monuments

Epitaph a cikin girmamawa marigayin mutum ne ake kira epitaphs. A bisa ga al'ada, su ne poetic, amma akwai, misali, a cikin hanyar Jagora ko sassa daga cikin litattafan da suke da sauki tuna. Manufar yawa rare epitaphs ya ko yi karatu zaton, dõmin ya yi gargaɗi da shi na kansa mace-mace. Wasu daga cikin wadannan mutane zabi kansu, a cikin rãyuwar wasu - wadanda suke da alhakin zubar. An sani cewa da yawa shahara kasida, ciki har da Uilyam Shekspir, Aleksandr Poup, hada wani epitaph wa kansa-waqe.

Kabarin inscriptions gano su ci gaba da poetic jawabai wanda aka furta a cikin girmamawa ga marigayin a ranar jana'izar, kuma maimaita a ranar tunawa. A zamanin tsohuwar Girka da kuma zamanin d Roma, suka kafa a cikin Genre na "Epitaph" (daga Girkanci kalmomi - "sama" da kuma "kabari"). Daga baya, a ci gaba da memory na tashi a duniya sauran mutane, suna kwarzana a kan Monuments kafa shi. Wasu suna cike da zafi da kuma poetic taushi, wasu - fiye da wani sauki, ko akwai wanda kawai ya bayyana gaskiyar na mutuwa.

Dutsen kabari inscriptions aka bambanta daidai da al'adu da wasu mutane. Saboda haka, da Romawa sun musamman m ga epitaphs. A cikinsu za ka iya karanta ban sha'awa kwatancin matattu mutane a kan su soja aiki, da siyasa, ko sayar da aiki, matsayin aure , da kuma kama. A general, shi dauke da yabo jiki da kuma kyawawan dabi'u. Short ko tsawo, poetic ko prosaic, amma dutsen kabari inscriptions gani da ji na dangi da abokai da marigayin. Cicero, misali, a kan kabari na 'yarsa Tullia sanya wani taƙaitaccen epitaph, wanda aka karfi ji zafi na hasara: «Tulliola, Filiola» ( «Tulliola,' yata").

Babban wuri da kuma araha tushen domin nazarin tarihin wata al'umma ne da hurumi. Tombstones tare da bayani cewa suna dauke da, samar da wani manufa masomin wani asali bincike. Wasu daga cikin su ne kawai da sunayen marigayin da kuma kwanakin da rayuwa, yayin da wasu sun hada da wani cikakken lissafi na ƙarni da dama na iyali daya, da dangantakar da ke tsakanin mutane da rayuwa (miji, matar, ɗana, 'yar'uwa, da sauransu), su masu sana'a ayyukan. Epitaph dade rare tare da masana tarihi da kuma genealogists. An fara daga Renaissance zuwa karni na sha tara, a Yammacin al'ada ga matattu mutanen da suka gudanar a lokacin rayuwar wani babban matsayi a cikin al'umma, su ne sosai dogon tare da kwatancin kusan almara asalin iyalansu, dauke da bayanai a kan ayyukan, suna yabon cikin falalan sau da yawa samar da bayanai game da mafi kusantar dangi.

Har ila yau ban sha'awa an kwarzana a kan Monuments alamomin na mutuwa, ba kawai da dutsen kabari inscriptions. Epitaph ci gaba da tunawa da matattu mutane, sun jaddada cewa kowa da komai ya mutu. Matsayin mai mulkin, zai iya zama wani kwanyar da crossbones, mai kararrawa cewa sauti a jana'iza, da akwatin gawa da hourglass, alluding ga cewa lokaci bai tsaya ya kuma kawo mana kusa mutuwa, ko da wani hourglass tare da fuka-fuki, kuma alama ce ta nassi na lokaci.