Elephant Man Dzhozef Merrik: The Story of Life

Ji da kalmar "giwa mutum", da yawa nan da nan ya tuna da wani fim game da Yusufu Merrick, wahala mummunan cuta. Ba kowa ba ne ya sani cewa irin wannan mutum - ba wani almara, hali, haqiqa mutum. Wane ne ya, abin da yake cikin tarihin rayuwarsa?

iyali

Haifi Dzhozef Keri Merrick (Joseph Carey Merrick) a cikin harshen Turanci birnin Leicester a 1862. Neman gaba, dole ne a ce cewa rayuwarsa ya kasance ma takaice - kawai shekaru 27 da haihuwa, tun da ya rasu a 1890.

Merrick Family ya fi da cewa ba shi ne talakawa, iyaye zo daga ƙananan azuzuwan: mahaifinsa aiki ga coachman da uwarsa - bãwã. Sun yi aure a cikin 1861 da da ewa aka haife su na farko-haife - Dzhozef Keri Merrick. kamar yadda wani yaro, da kuma Marion 'yar sha wahala daga epilepsy, wanda ya kai ga ta rasuwar mai a shekaru 24. A cikin 1866 da kuma 1867 ya bayyana a cikin iyali yana da yara biyu, amma biyu ta autansa Merrick mutu daga mulufi zazzabi. A 1873, ya rasu da kuma uwar kanta Joseph daga kumburi daga cikin huhu da kuma bronchi. Mahaifinsa zarar aure sake, amma ba vzljubili uwar rana stepson saboda ya ugliness ya fara tsira daga gidan.

bayyanar

Da farko, kome a cikin waje da wani yãro, babu alamun damuwa, amma a cikin shekaru biyar, ya fara bayyana farko bayyanar cututtuka da cutar. A fata a wasu wurare ya zama flabby, da kuma a wasu - wani m, m. Fara canja da launi, ya zama lalle kama da surface na fata na da wani giwa. Bugu da kari to wannan duka, Dzhozef Merrik kamar yaro ya samu rauni cinya a cikin fall, da kuma damuwa tsokani lameness daga wanda ya sha wahala har karshen kwanaki.

Rashin lafiya cigaban haƙuri, kuma jim kadan da mutuwar shugaban Merrick kama da wannan: a cikin frontal ɓangare na kashi ya kasance wata babbar ginawa-up da kuma dama da kuma bayan da fata sun rataye a folds m, kusan rufe dama ido. Shi ya kasance kamar wata babbar ƙari. A general, da shugaban ya 92 cm a diamita. A surface na fata domin ta irin zane kama da wani farin kabeji florets. Gashi kusan ba. Kumburi a gefen dama na kai da kuma jan sabõda hanci, kuma lebe aka mugun maras kyau. Saboda wannan, shi aka Joseph slurred.

Daga baya, da m fata ne kuma sun rataye babbar folds. A hannun dama ya fi girma fiye da hagu sau da dama: kawai da wuyan hannu ya 30 cm a karkara, da kuma thumb - 12 cm Sam Merrick rubuta cewa shi ne dimbin yawa kamar giwa, akwati .. Ya iya aiki ne kawai tare da hagu, saboda a kan lokaci da dama da ya zama unusable. A ƙafafunsa su ma growths da kuma fata folds.

Kwanan anatomists yi kwamfuta maimaitawa ya bayyanar. Wannan yadda wasu za kama Dzhozef Merrik, idan haife lafiya.

Me Merrick da ake kira "Elephant Man"?

A karshen karni na 19th kasance har yanzu da rai, da yawa son zuciya.Magana, musamman, mutane sun gaskata cewa wasu tunanin danniya a lokacin daukar ciki zai iya shafar bayyanar da yaro. Kuma kamar yadda uwar Dzhozefa Merrika, kasancewa a cikin wani wuri tsoratar da fushi giwa, ta ugliness shirki daidai wannan dalilin. Abin baƙin ciki, sa'an nan ba mu san wani abu game da kwayoyin cututtuka, haka likitoci da Merrick kansa ya yi ĩmãni da wannan version.

Amma daga gaskiyar cewa a cikin wahala da wannan m?

ganewar asali

Modern likitoci sun gano dama kwayoyin cututtuka, wanda haƙõra bayyanar Dzhozefa Merrika. Da fari dai, shi neurofibromatosis rubuta I (ko Recklinghausen cuta). An halin ƙari-jakar-dimbin yawa, rataye tsarin da kuma gaban pigmented aibobi ne manyan. Har ila yau, bayyanar cututtuka na neurofibromatosis hada jeri na bangaren da wata gabar jiki da kuma sassa na fuska, kamar yadda aka lura a Merrick. A sauki kalmomi, shi ne na kowa Pathology na fata, kasusuwa da kuma juyayi tsarin. Abin baƙin ciki, magani da kuma a yanzu yana da kusan babu kudi domin yaki da cutar, amma haife "Elephant Man" Dzhozef Merrik a cikin lokaci, ko da yake da shi zai iya cire duk ginawa-up da kuma samuwar wani fata buhu-surgically.

Na biyu cuta - a Proteus ciwo. Ya aka bayyana a matsayin mai matukar rare kwayoyin cuta halin da overgrowth da mahaukaci girma daga kashi da kuma fata. Wannan cuta ne ma m, amma likitoci a yau zai iya har yanzu tsawanta da rayuwa da marasa lafiya tare da wannan ganewar asali.

Neman aiki

Yaya matalauta Merrick ya iya sami ya burodi, saboda to, babu tawaya amfanin? Saboda da zagi da kuma izgili Joseph bar karatunsa a makaranta a shekaru 13. The mahaifin ba shi da wani titi mai ciniki, amma wucewa shied daga ta bayyanar. Saboda haka, Merrick tafi zuwa ga taba factory, amma nan da nan ya fita ba, kuma wannan sana'a, saboda iri na hannun damansa ya hana shi yin aikinsa. Dukansu uba kuma uwar rana ana kullum ƙasƙanta, kuma sau da yawa ta doke Yusufu, saboda haka ya bar gida yana da shekaru 17 da shekaru.

"Cirque Du Freak"

Gaji da Vagabond hanyarsa ta rayuwa, a 1884, ya tafi zuwa yi a cikin show Tom Norman. Da shi shi ne kawai hanyar zuwa ko ta yaya sami wani rai ga mutane kamar Merrick. A wannan show da aka nuna mana wata dama raunuka. A kamfanin da ya bi da kyau, musamman saboda akwai da ya sadu da mutane da irin wannan ƙaddara.

The aikin hada mako-mako wasanni. Na bincike masu sauraro kullum da ya dauki wani look at mutum deformity, musamman, da kuma a kan "Elephant Man". Nasa rawar da yake nuna nasa jiki a karkashin m kukan taro. Yana da aka wulãkantãwa, amma da sauran hanyar da ya goyi bayan kansu ba wanzu. Dzhozef Merrik ko da gudanar ya ajiye mai kyau adadin - 50 fam. A lokacin, da ya rayu kage ga game da 2 shekaru a kan kudi.

Amma nan da nan da Freak show dakatar a Ingila, da kuma Tom Norman aka tilasta sayar Dzhozefa Merrika circus mai daga kasar Austria. Amma ya kasance mutum ne mara gaskiya da kuma kwashe dukan tara kudi Merrick. Ba tare da dinari cikin aljihunsa, Joseph koma kasarsa. Ya yi babu inda ya tafi.

Sani da likita Sir Frederick Treves

Dama a kan daya daga cikin tashoshin na London Karkashin kasa Joseph yana da wani hari na asma. Wucewa kira likita, wanda kasuwanci katin bazata sa a kan Merrick ta aljihu. Shi ne mai jiki ilimin, memba na London Society for pathological Sir Frederick Treves iyali, tare da wanda ya sadu da Yusufu, da yake magana a cikin wani circus. Ya, ba shakka, ya zo ya sanya dole taimako. Daga baya, sai suka zama abokai tare da Yusufu.

A cikin memoirs, Dr. Frederik Trivz ce a lõkacin da ya gan ta farko "Elephant Man" a kan mataki, na yi tunani cewa ya yiwuwa moronic kuma, an yi sa'a, bai san duk tsoro na halin da ake ciki. Amma ba haka yake ba. Yusufu yana da sosai wayo. Haka kuma, a cikin hideous jacket Sir Frederick Treves ya iya la'akari da irin da kuma m mutum.

Tun a lokacin na Dzhozef Merrik riga bukatar kulawa, Sir Frederick Treves cẽto, kuma m, a cikin Royal London Hospital. Akwai ya aka bai raba dakin, inda ya iya rayuwa. Jinya, na farko daga cikin kasashen nastrozhenno haƙuri, da sauri fada cikin soyayya tare da Yusufu, domin tawali'u da kaskantar disposition.

Sir Frederick Treves yadda iya Joseph kiyaye har ƙarshen ya kwana. Ya fito da a cikin karusa da windows rufe a kasar, inda ya ƙaunace ku dõmin ku ciyar lokaci. Merrick zama sha'awar tattara herbarium. Ya kuma zama wani m gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Ya na da wani sabon da'irar abokai, mafi yawansu ba su kasance high-ranking mutane.

Gaskiyar cewa "giwa mutum" ya entree cikin Elite jama'a, domin su samu fitar game da shi da dukan London saboda da latsa. Rubuta game da shi, kuma da yawa ya so ya kaina dubi da kuma magana da disfigured mutum. Ko da Princess Uelskaya Aleksandra sau da yawa ziyarci Merrick a asibiti. Hakika, duk wannan shi ne bambancin da ta zaran zama.

ciki

Kullum, mutanen da wanda rayuwa shi ne kama da al'adar "Elephant Man", za su narke a ji haushi da Allah, mutane, da kuma kewaye da ita. Merrik Dzhozef, wanda biography bai ba shi da wani dalilin zama kaffa, don haka, abin mamaki, ya ba. Ko da yake duk rayuwarsa ya kasance batun m jokes, ya ba ki jinin maza ko Allah. Bugu da kari, shi ya sa su girma. A aminin Sir Frederick Treves mamakin yadda irin, m, kuma ko da dan kadan romantic mutum ya Merrick.

Yusufu yana da wani m mutum. Ruhaniya abubuwan, ya bayyana, a shayari kuma litattafan. Har ila yau, da aka buga a mujallar da tarihin kansa. Ko da yake Merrick ya iya aiki ne kawai tare da sa hannun hagunsa, ya ƙaunace su yi wani kananan model na babban coci, yayin da Royal Hospital.

mutuwa

A nan ne mai gajeren biography. Dzhozef Merrik mutu matasa: a lokacin da mutuwa ta ba har ma ya juya shekaru 28 da haihuwa. Wannan ya faru a 1890 a Royal London Hospital.

A karshe shekaru ransa, Joseph iya barci ba a kan matashin kai, da kuma kawai zaune, saboda ya tsoma baki tare da marurai growths a kai. Amma wata rana ya so ya je barci kwance, kamar duk al'ada mutane. A gwajin da ya ci tura: Yusufu ya rasu na asphyxia, saboda shugaban ya tafi ma ya m wuyansa. Mutuwar sa ta zama mai ban tausayi, kamar yadda duk rayuwa.

Dzhozef Merrik ( "giwa mutum"): ambato, Jagora

A mafi mashahuri ne da waka da ya rubuta Merrick. A nan yana magana game da su yau da kullum:

I, na sani cewa Ina duba fiye da bakon,

Amma zargin da ni da wannan, kuma ku zargi Allah.

Idan da zan iya haifar da kansu , sãbuwa,

Ina ba buri da ku.

Idan na tafi daga iyakacin duniya zuwa iyakacin duniya,

Idan a dintsi scooped sama da teku,

Sa'an nan ba su raina

Kuma da tunani irin na al'ada mutum.

Daya daga cikin shahararrun faxin Joseph: "Bã ... ba, ba ... kome vuya numfashin iska, ruwa, da farin gajimare, bugun zuciya ... Babu wani abu da yake faruwa a mutuwa .." Da ciwon samu brunt na mutum rarrabuwa, Merrick summed shi a daya jumla: "Mutane suna tsoron abin da za su iya fahimta ba."

Next zuwa cinema

Dzhozef Keri Merrick, da aka sani da "Elephant Man", ya zama gwarzo da dama fina-finan. A cikin fim din "Daga Jahannama" a cikin 2001, ya bayyana lokaci-lokaci a Burtaniya talabijin jerin "Ripper Street" Sir Frederick Treves da Merrick fara da dama jerin haruffa. Amma da cikakken labarin rayuwarsa da aka nuna a cikin David Lynch film "Elephant Man", inda babban harafin buga da Dzhon Hort, da kuma abokinsa Doctor - Anthony Hopkins.

Yana da m cewa rayuwa Dzhozefa Merrika ɓullo da haka kuma ba in ba haka ba, amma ya bayar da wani babban misali na yadda za ka iya ko da yaushe zama mutum.