Dybenko Paul Efimovich: biography da kuma hoto

Shahararren neman sauyi Dybenko Paul Efimovich aka haife kan Fabrairu 28, 1889 a cikin karamin kauye na Chernihiv Lyudkovo. Uwãyensa sun kasance talakawa manoma na tsakiyar kasar Rasha. Social da kuma kudi halin da ake ciki na iyali ya bar ta lamba a kan yaron ta rayuwa hanya. Firamarensa ya samu a wani kauye makaranta. Wannan ya biyo ta uku shekaru a cikin makarantun gwamnati. Bugu da ari nazarin ga baƙauye ɗansa ya kawai ba araha.

Dybenko Paul Efimovich fara aiki a shekaru 17. A Lithuanian Novoaleksandrovsk ya shiga cikin gida taskar. Duk da haka, na dogon lokaci da saurayin nan, ba su zauna a can. Ya aka kora saboda neman sauyi sha'awa. A 1907, saurayin sanya banrazana yanke shawara da kuma shiga cikin Bolshevik da'irar (a cikin jam'iyyar ƙa'ida da farko 1912). A kan Hauwa'u ƙare na farko Rasha juyin juya halin, amma cikin karkashin kasa da kungiyoyin ci gaba da aiki.

Service a cikin Navy

A 1908 Dybenko Paul Efimovich zauna a Riga. A 1911, sai ya fara bauta wa a cikin Baltic jiragen ruwa. Bukatar bayar da soja ta bi ba relish Dybenko - ya yi kokarin boye, amma deviationist kama kuma a kan tilas, ta aika wa] aukar tashar. Sai saurayin Bolshevik, ya zama wani ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa. A wurin da ransa tabbatar da tsibirin Kotlin, inda garin Kronstadt.

Dybenko ya a crews da dama jiragen ruwa, musamman da horo jirgin "Dvina" da jirgin ruwa na soja "Sarkin sarakuna Paul na». Sailor yi aiki a matsayin lantarki, kuma daga baya aka ciyar da su ba izini sanda. A 1913 ya halarci a cikin kasashen waje yaƙin neman zaɓe, ziyarci Ingila, Faransa da kuma Norway.

A farko Duniya

A shekara ta 1914 yakin duniya na farko. Dybenko Paul Efimovich kasance a cikin zangon rundujar soja masu dawaki, kuma halarci dama fama sorties a cikin Baltic Sea. Shekaru da dama da sabis ba dulled ta neman sauyi tsanani ga ambato. A akasin wannan, a matsayin bunker harbe ya kasance mai muhimmanci da agitator ga Bolshevik Party. A lokaci guda, Dybenko ya karkashin m lura da asirin 'yan sanda. Ya kasance a "a hadarin" da kuma don wannan dalili aka rubuta kashe daga cikin jirgin, a lokacin da Baltic jiragen ruwa a karo na farko a lokacin yaki tsira da yunkuri na matuƙan a kan jirgin ruwa na soja "Hanko".

Saba sauyi Riga shi ne wurin da aka aiko Dybenko Paul Efimovich. Biography na soja da kuma na iya ci gaba da kasancewa hade na musamman tare da jiragen ruwa, amma a yanzu ya yi a sami aikin yi a ƙasar gaban. Bayan watanni uku na sabis, ya aka yanke masa hukumcin kurkuku domin Helsingfors defeatist farfaganda. A ƙarshe aka short-rayu. Dybenko zarar ya koma zuwa ga rundunar motoci kamar yadda Bataller. Duk da dukan da suka gabata misadventures Bolshevik ya ci gaba da gwagwarmaya.

Tsakanin Fabrairu da kuma Oktoba

A 1917, Pavel Dybenko yana cikin farin ciki na abubuwa. Bayan bayyanar da wucin gwamnatin, ya shiga cikin Board Helsingfors, inda ya kasance mataimakin daga rundunar motoci. Kamar yadda wani mabiyin Bolshevik, ya aka bambanta da mafi tsattsauran ra'ayi. Hakan ya kai Pavel Dybenko mafi girma farfaganda aiki a cikin Baltic jiragen ruwa a lokacin da anti-zanga da jam'iyyar a watan Yuli 1917. Wannan bazara, mafiya yawa daga cikin Bolsheviks aka kama shi kuma Lenin kuma suka gudu, a ɓoye, a cikin zube.

Kurkuku da kuma Dybenko Paul Efimovich. Brief biography na neman sauyi da cikakken aukuwa na kama da gidan yari. Wannan lokaci ya samu kansa a gicciye, inda a lokaci guda, Trotsky zauna. A farkon watan Satumba, a tsakanin sauran Bolshevik Dybenko aka saki. Gwamnatin wucin ta yanke shawarar cewa jam'iyyar ya rasa tasirin da take da yasar da kuma hana da goyon bayan da talakawa. Wannan ra'ayi tabbatar da wani m kuskure.

Waste daga majalisar da aka kafa

A dare, a lokacin da magoya bayan Lenin kwace mulki a Petrograd Dybenko jagoranci sumoga neman sauyi shiryayye matuƙan daga Kronstadt zuwa babban birnin kasar. Da isa yabo na Bolshevik gaban sabon Soviet gwamnatin sun muhimmanci. Bayan da Oktoba juyin juya halin, ya aka nan da nan sa ga majalisar jama'ar kasar Commissars, inda ya zama na jama'ar kasar Commissar ga sojan ruwan Harkokin.

Baltic jiragen ruwa kuma tuna nawa sanya ga juyin mulki Dybenko Paul Efimovich. Kwanan wata na haihuwar sabuwar jihar kusan ya zo daidai da babban taron na majalisar da aka kafa. Dybenko an zabe kamar yadda mataimakinsa a matsayin wakili ne daga Baltic jiragen ruwa. A ranar da taro na majalisar da aka kafa directed Bolshevik babban rukuni na matuƙan, a gaskiya don tarwatsa ~ a ~~ ar jiki.

Sake da Jamus

Zo ga ikon, da Bolsheviks sami kansu a cikin wani musamman wuya matsayi. A daya hannun, shi ne samun karfin da White motsi, da kuma a kan wasu, har da sanya hannu kan Brest zaman lafiya ci gaba da yaki da Jamus. A farkon 1918, sun ci gaba da yaki a cikin Baltic Amirka. Fadin hanyar da invaders aka aiko matuƙan, wanda aka karkashin jagorancin Dybenko Paul Efimovich. Personal rayuwa neman sauyi Hauwa'u aka alama ta wani farin ciki lokaci: ya aure soratnitse Alexandra Kollontai, wanda ya zama sananne a nan gaba kamar yadda wani jami'in diflomasiyyar.

Duk da haka, domin iyali harkokin babu lokaci bar. Dybenko detachment aka fuskanci Jamus a Narva. Matuƙan, baya ga abokan gaba bisa ga dukan Manuniya, birnin bar. Ba da da ewa naúrar aka makaman da kansa. Domin lapse Dibenko fitar daga jam'iyyar (a mayar a 1922). A wata hanya, juyin juya halin Musulunci sa'a - shi aka ba harbe, amma aka aika zuwa cikin karkashin kasa aiki a Odessa (shafi da nasarori).

A cikin yakin basasa

A cikin fall na 1918, Pavel Dybenko buga da Ukraine Soviet sojojin. Ya jagoranci partisan division, da suka hada da magoya bayan Nestora Mahno. A mafi muhimmanci nasarar wannan samuwar da aka hannu a cikin kama da Crimea. Dybenko Division farko suka karbe iko da key Perekop Isthmus. Duk da haka, ci gaban da ya kasance m. Ba da da ewa, magoya bayan na Bolsheviks ya koma baya.

Hagu da Dybenko Paul Efimovich. Photo Kwamandan ya zuwa ya sake bayyana a Soviet jaridu - ya koma Moscow, kuma ya kasance daya daga cikin na farko dalibai na sabuwar bude Academy of Gaba Staff na Red Army. A halin da ake ciki a gaban kasance m, da kuma korar yara Dybenko sake aika zuwa gaban. A karshen shekara ta 1919, ya halarci a cikin kwata 'yanci na Tsaritsyn, inda Stalin An kuma lura da nan gaba shugabanni Budyonny da Yegorov.

Kokawar da Rear

New 1920 st Dybenko hadu a hanya. Ya Division runtumi mãsu bãyar da bãya Denikin. By da spring na kyaftin kai Caucasus. Sa'an nan Bulus ya E. koma zuwa Crimea, inda a kan ta karshe kafafu tsayayya saurã daga fari a karkashin umurnin Wrangel. A cikin watan Satumba 1920, yakin basasa koma zuwa hagu jim kadan kafin Academy.

Bayan 'yan watanni, a lokacin da na gaba taron jam'iyyar, ya barke sanannen yunkuri na Kronstadt matuƙan. Dybenko san wannan contingent. Ba abin mamaki ba cewa shi aka jam'iyyar aika zuwa kashe tawayen m wahala da kuma m tsammanin na matuƙan. Sa'an nan Dybenko zo a karkashin umurnin Tukhachevsky. A watan Afrilu 1921, biyu na yaki tare sake - wannan lokaci da suka mur da baƙauye tawaye a Tambov lardin Antonovites.

daga baya da shekaru

Bayan ya dawo zuwa farar hula rayuwa Dybenko Paul Efimovich da Kollontai fara zauna daban-daban management matsayi. Husband - a cikin sojojin, da matarsa - a jam'iyyar da kuma diplomasiyya sabis. A ko'ina cikin 20s da 30s. Dybenko sa mutane da yawa sojoji a cikin Red Army.

Tsohon Bolshevik rabo ya kan yatsa. Lokacin da Stalin kaddamar purges a cikin Red Army, Dybenko a farko amsa kamar yadda wani m haƙĩ ta'addanci. Ya repressed da zabe a Birnin Leningrad, ya Soja District, inda ya kasance da kwamandan. A apogee na sabis Dybenko shi ne ya sa hannu a cikin gwaji na Marshal Tukhachevsky a lokacin rani na 1937. Kuma kamar 'yan watanni bayan wannan episode da ya gabata daga dukan posts. Akwai da dama ma'aikata canje-canje. A sakamakon haka, Dybenko ya aiki a cikin jama'ar kasar Commissariat na gandun daji da masana'antu da kuma zama shugaban katako girbi a cikin gulag. A watan Fabrairu na shekara ta 1938 da aka kama shi.

Pavel Dybenko, a lokacin da al'adar, aka zarge shi da leken asiri ga kasashen waje hankali da kuma ko da sadarwa da Tukhachevsky, wanda ya taimaka wajen shuka. Shahararren kwamandan yakin basasa da aka harbe ranar 29 ga Yuli, 1938. Ya aka gyara bayan da XX jam'iyyar Congress a 1956.