Decompression cuta (caisson cuta): Jiyya, haddasawa, cututtuka, yin rigakafi

Kamar yadda aka sani, bambanci a yanayi matsa lamba rinjayar mutum kiwon lafiya. Wannan shi ne musamman sane da mutanen da suke da m na hawan tudu, ko zurfi sauka a karkashin ruwa. Akan rage yanayi matsa lamba yanayi na wani dan gajeren lokaci yawanci ba tare da tsanani disturbances ga jiki. Duk da haka, da shafe tsawon daukan hotuna da "sallami" iska ne mai hadarin gaske. Wasu mutane ci gaba da wannan yanayin kamar yadda decompression cuta a lokacin kwatsam matsa lamba saukad. A tsanani daga cikin yanayin ƙaddara da har na mutum daukan hotuna, da m sojojin da kwayoyin, kazalika da dace tallafi na matakan likita. Duk da cewa decompression decompression cuta a cikin mafi yawan lokuta za a iya bi, akwai lokuta da dama na mutuwa. Communication yanayi matsa lamba tare da wannan Pathology da aka kafa a farkon tsakiyar 17th karni, masana kimiyya Boyle. Duk da haka, wannan likita sabon abu karatu har yanzu.

Mene ne decompression cuta?

A Pathology dangantawa da aikin sana'a da cutarwa effects a jiki. Duk da cewa Boyle ne daya daga cikin na farko da masana kimiyya Ya tabbatar da dangantaka tsakanin yanayi matsa lamba drop da kuma canje-canje a cikin tsokoki na rayayyun kwayoyin halitta (eyeball macizai), decompression amai ya zama sananne ga duniya har da yawa daga baya. Wannan ya faru a cikin marigayi 19th karni, a lokacin da na farko iska farashinsa da kuma caissons aka ƙirƙira. Duk da yake Pathology fara koma zuwa wani kwararren Hazard. Mutane aiki a cikin yanayi na matsa iska domin gina wani rami a karkashin ruwa, da farko bai lura da wani canje-canje. da janar jihar tabarbarewar bayyana a lokacin da yanayi matsa lamba an rage wa al'ada dabi'u. Domin wannan dalili ne, Pathology ne na biyu sunan - caisson cuta. Zurfin ne babban sinadarin wannan yanayin, tun da shi ne sabon abu ga akwai lura mu kwayoyin high matsa lamba. Haka ya shafi tsawo. Ganin cewa pathological yanayin bayyanar cututtuka bayyana a matsa lamba drop (daga high zuwa low darajar), da ganewar asali ne ba wuya ga gwani m.

Wanda aka shafi decompression cuta?

Caisson cuta ba ya faruwa ba zato ba tsammani, kuma ba dalili. Akwai wani rukuni na hadarin - wato, mutane da ake gittar da wannan cuta. The ayyuka na wadannan mutane ya zama kai tsaye related to da yanayi matsa lamba canje-canje. A baya can, cutar da aka gitta su a caisson ma'aikata da tuddai. A duniya ta yau, hadarin kungiyar muhimmanci ƙãra - shi ma ya fara gudanar da 'yan saman jannati, matukan jirgin da kuma iri iri. Duk da cewa cinikayya data suna da haɗari, decompression cuta ba na kullum. Ana rinjayar kawai waɗanda suka shagala ranmu ko da hadarin dalilai. Daga cikin su akwai wadannan m effects:

1. Slowing jini wurare dabam dabam ta cikin jiki. Wannan na faruwa a lokacin da dehydration da kuma daukan hotuna. A slowing na jini ya kwarara lura a lokacin tsufa da kuma cututtukan zuciya.
2. Jini samuwar zones da rage matsin lamba. Wannan sabon abu ne tare da bayyanar kananan iska kumfa. Hadarin dalilai haddasa wannan yanayin ne ya wuce kima jiki aiki kafin ruwa a cikin ruwa, ko kiwon tsawo.
3. Karuwan jiki nauyi. Wannan shi ne wani factor bayar da tasu gudunmuwar da jari na jini a cikin iska kumfa.
4. Karbar giya kafin nutse ko Yunƙurin zuwa ga tsawo. Barasa inganta Fusion na kananan iska kumfa, game da shi kara da size.

Tsawo decompression amai: ginshikai na cin gaban

Kamar yadda aka sani daga dokokin kimiyyar lissafi, da yanayi matsa lamba musababin da solubility na gas a taya. Wannan mulki tsara masanin kimiyya Henry. Bisa ga assertions, da hakan da kuma na yanayi matsa lamba, da mafi alheri da gas dissolves a cikin ruwa. Aka ba da wannan mulkin, yana yiwuwa a kammala da cewa, a matsayin masu tasowa decompression cuta a cikin mutane da suka yi ne a high tsawo. A cikin dogon tsaya a cikin Shiyyar na high yanayi matsa lamba jiki matuka da 'yan saman jannati da kuma tuddai saba zuwa wannan yanayi. Saboda haka, da gangaren da saba yanayi domin mu ba su da wani kaifi deterioration. Saboda matsin drop of jini gas fara soke muni, tara a cikin iska kumfa. A hatsari decompression decompression amai for matukan jirgin da kuma me ya sa? The kafa iska kumfa a cikin jini za a iya ƙara a size da kuma toshe da jirgin ruwa, sa'an nan haddasa nama necrosis a shafin. Bugu da kari, sun ayan don motsawa ta cikin jiki da kuma shigar da m arteries da jijiyoyinmu (cerebral, jijiyoyin zuciya, huhu). Wadannan kumfa yi aiki a matsayin emboli, ko jini gudan jini da cewa zai iya sa ba kawai tsanani take hakki na jihar, amma kuma m.

A ci gaba da decompression cuta a cikin iri iri

Decompression cuta na iri iri yana da guda inji na ci gaba. Saboda gaskiya cewa a mai zurfin yanayi matsa lamba ne mafi girma fiye da a farfajiya da kaifi rage a cikin jini gas fara soke mugun. Duk da haka, a yarda da aminci da kuma babu hadarin abubuwan da za a iya kauce masa. Mai nutsa zuwa decompression amai ya ba da lafiya, wadannan yanayi ne na wajibi:

1. Amfani da wani oxygen Silinda, wanda yana dauke da ake bukata gas cakuda, rage matsawa a kan zurfin.
2. A hankali a hankali Yunƙurin a cikin ƙasa. Akwai dabaru na musamman, horar da iri iri domin gano yadda ya kamata daga kasa. Tare da hankali Yunƙurin na rage nitrogen matakin a cikin jini, sa'an nan da kumfa ba kafa.
3. Yunƙurin a cikin bathyscaphe - musamman shãfe haske kwantena. Yana ba ka damar hana mai kaifi matsa lamba drop.
4. Desaturation a musamman decompression bẽnãye. Saboda kau da nitrogen daga jiki Yunƙurin ba ya haifar da tabarbarewar da solubility na jini gas.

Iri decompression cuta

Akwai 2 iri decompression cuta. Suna bambanta da hanyar da shi tasoshin ne iska kumfa. Haka kuma, kowane daga cikinsu ne halin da na asibiti gabatar. Lokacin da bends 1 irin gas accumulates a kananan capillaries, jijiyoyi da kuma jijiyoyinmu cewa samar jini fata, tsoka da kuma gidajen abinci. Bugu da ƙari, iska kumfa iya tara a cikin lymphatic tasoshin.

Karkashin ruwa da kuma tsawo decompression cuta irin 2 ne mai hadarin gaske. Lokacin da ta buga da gas emboli tasoshi da tukwane na zuciya, huhu, da kwakwalwa da kuma laka. Wadannan jikin su ne m, sabili da haka, a take hakkin su sami tsanani hali.

asibiti hoto

The asibiti hoto na cuta ya dogara da abin da irin jirgin ruwa da aka buga da iska kumfa. Irin wannan cututtuka kamar itching, yanã tõno, zafi a cikin tsokoki da kuma gidajen abinci, m lokacin juya jiki, yana tafe, faye hali irin 1 decompression cuta. Saboda haka bayyana uncomplicated decompression cuta. Alamun halayyar Type 2 ne yafi tsanani. Idan rinjayar da finjãlai na kwakwalwa na iya zama da wadannan asibiti manifestations: asarar gani filin, rage ta mai tsanani, juwa ko jiri, anya abubuwa a cikin idanu, ringing a cikin kunnuwa. Jijiyoyin zuciya embolism bayyana angina da nakasa daga 'ya'yan numfashi. Idan rinjayar da na huhu tasoshin da kananan iska kumfa lura tari, choking, shortness na numfashi. Duk wadannan cututtuka su ne hankula ga wani talakawan mataki na decompression cuta. A mafi tsanani lokuta, akwai gagarumin Sistem sakulasan cuta wadda iya zama m.

A tsanani daga cikin bends

Rarrabe m, matsakaici da kuma mai tsanani mataki na decompression cuta. A cikin farko case, tabarbarewar dan kadan da kuma reversibly a cikin wani gajeren lokaci. M halin da rauni, tsoka da kuma hadin gwiwa zafi da ya auku lokaci zuwa lokaci, pruritus da rashes a jiki. Yawanci, wadannan abubuwan faruwa hankali da su kadai. A matsakaici mai tsanani akwai gagarumin take hakki. Pain a gidajen abinci da kuma tsokoki m, kuma mafi tsanani, shiga shortness na numfashi, tari, m majiyai a cikin zuciya, da neurological bayyanar cututtuka. Wannan nau'i na bukatar gaggawa magani. Mai tsananin caisson cuta iya bayyana gagarumin numfashi ciki, urinary cuta, inna da kuma paresis, tsokar zuciya infarction da kuma kama. D. Don a m bugun jini zai iya haifar da manyan tasoshin na kwakwalwa, da kuma huhu embolism.

Diagnosing decompression cuta

Diagnosing decompression cuta ba a burge, tun da Pathology tasowa a cikin ta farko hours bayan hawan daga zurfin ko saukowa. The asibiti hoto ba ka damar yadda ya kamata tantance mutum yanayin a mafi yawan lokuta. Idan ka zargin wani asarar matsakaici da kuma manyan tasoshin ake bukata instrumental hanyoyin da jarrabawa. Musamman muhimmanci ga jijiyoyin zuciya angiography, MRI na kwakwalwa, duban dan tayi na jijiyoyinmu kuma jijiyoyi da extremities.

X-ray bincikowa a cikin bends

Lokacin da decompression amai matsakaici to mai tsanani sau da yawa rinjayar da ƙasũsuwa da gidajen abinci. A wasu lokuta, da laka, da aka hannu a cikin tsari. X-ray Hanyar bincike damar daidai ganewar asali decompression cuta. Akwai wadannan gyare-gyare osteoarticular tsarin: tashe rabo ko calcification ossification, canza siffar na vertebrae (fadada jikinsu da kuma rage tsawo) - brevispondilii. Idan wannan tafiyarwa kasance m. Idan pathological aiwatar da hannu da kuma laka, yana yiwuwa a gane shi calcifications, dimbin yawa kamar wani harsashi ko girgije.

Jiyya na decompression cuta

Ka tuna cewa da dace taimako ga decompression cuta za a iya warke a 80% na lokuta. Domin wannan na musamman hyperbaric bẽnãye ake amfani, wanda yana da za'ayi a karkashin babban matsin oxygen wadata. Godiya ga su jiki ne fallasa recompression da nitrogen barbashi an cire daga jini. A matsa lamba a cikin masallãci an rage hankali don haka da cewa haƙuri ya saba da sabon yanayi. Lokacin da gaggawa yanayi wajibi ne don gudanar da wani cardiopulmonary farfado, ya fara kwarara daga "tsarki" oxygen amfani a mask.

Rigakafin decompression cuta

Don hana ci gaban decompression amai, dole ne ka bi don aminci umarnin a kan zurfin kuma high a cikin iska. A lokacin hawa daga cikin ruwa don yin Tashoshi domin cewa jiki zai iya daidaita ka yanayi matsa lamba. Yana da muhimmanci a yi amfani da musamman kayan aiki - alkahuran ruwa da oxygen tankuna.