Chemical Properties acid

Acid kira hadaddun mahadi hada da hydrogen atoms da ciwon da ikon da za a maye gurbinsu da karfe kwayoyin halitta, da kuma wani acid saura.

Acid ne Wutan. Chemical Properties acid an tsare ta abun da ke ciki.

Rarraba acid a kan daban-daban filaye:

1. Bisa ga yawan hydrogen atoms.

2. By gaban oxygen.

3. Bisa ga digiri na dissociation.

Bisa ga yawan oxygen kwayoyin halitta (wannan ya dogara da sinadaran Properties acid) sun kasu kashi anoxic (hydrogen sulfide, hydrochloric acid da sauransu. D.) Kuma da oxygen-dauke da (nitric, sulfurous, kuma silicic t. D.)

Bisa ga yawan hydrogen atoms na acid ne:

- monobasic, dauke da daya hydrogen zarra (hydrochloric acid, nitric acid);

- dibasic dauke da biyu hydrogen atoms (sulfuric acid, hydrogen sulphide).

- tribasic dauke da uku hydrogen zarra (phosphoric).

Kamar yadda na uku alama na acid ne zuwa kashi rauni Wutan (phosphoric, carbonic, da dai sauransu D.) Kuma karfi Wutan (hydrochloric, nitric, sulfuric).

Chemical Properties acid

A gaban hydrogen ions a acid mafita kayyade su acidic yanayi da kuma m iyawa. Duk da haka, ba za ka iya kokarin su a kan harshen kamar yadda zai yiwu sunadarai konewa.

Litmus methyl orange nuna alama kuma ta sauya launi ƙarƙashin rinjayar acid.

Acid mafita amsa tare da asali oxides, sakamakon samuwar gishiri da ruwa.

A acid amsa tare da karfe wajen hagu na hydrogen kashi a jere ƙarfin lantarki karafa. A sakamakon haka ne wani karfe gishiri da kuma hydrogen.

A acid amsa tare da kwasfansu. A dauki da ake samu a gishiri, da kuma ruwa. A dauki tsakanin acid da kuma Alkali (tushe) ne ake kira dauki neutralization.

A acid amsa tare da gishiri mafita, a lokacin da yanayin da ya faru da kuma cikin shakka daga cikin dauki zuwa karshen ion musayar, Ina nufin wani precipitate ko gas da aka saki.

A sunadarai Properties na Organic acid da nasu halaye.

Properties na phosphoric acid

Phosphoric acid da kuma ta ruwa-ruwa mafita ne yawa weaker acid kamar nitric da sulfuric. Wannan acid, a cikin abin da tsarin akwai uku oxygen kwayoyin halitta. An electrolytic dissociation na phosphoric acid faruwa stepwise. Hankula acid - phosphoric acid, ta sinadaran Properties ana ayyana abun da ke ciki.

A bayani na phosphoric acid, dihydrogen phosphate ions ne ba a cikin babban. Ions wanda aka kafa a cikin na biyu dissociation mataki ne da yawa kasa, da kuma phosphate ions, sakamakon na uku ionization mataki, kusan ba a nan. A wani mataki na farko phosphoric acid - matsakaici karfi acid. Tun da akwai iri uku acidic sharan a cikin hulda da phosphoric acid tare da Alkali salts suna kafa kamar haka: phosphates, hydrogen phosphates da kuma dihydrogen phosphates.

Orthophosphoric acid na iya zama rarrabe daga juna da acid ya mayar da martani tare da azurfa nitrate, a cikin abin da aka kafa a rawaya precipitate. Sauran phosphorus acid hulda da azurfa nitrate ta samar da wani farin precipitate. Orthophosphoric acid a kan dumama da kuma siffofin ruwa cleaves pyrophosphoric acid.

Chemical Properties na hydrochloric acid

Hydrochloric acid ne mai karfi da monobasic acid tare da hankula Properties acid. Colorless dan kadan fuming ruwa bayani na hydrogen chloride a ruwa. Salts na hydrochloric acid ake kira "chloride".

Hydrochloric acid iya shirya ta maida martani mafita daga sodium chloride, kuma sulfuric acid, kuma hydrogen chloride narkewa a cikin ruwa. Hydrochloric acid reacts tare da wani tushe, game da shi, kafa gishiri da ruwa. By maida martani tare da Alkali neutralization dauki faruwa. Za ka iya tabbatar da wannan nuna alama. ta launi canje-canje, bayar da shawara a tsaka tsaki bayani.

A dauki na hydrochloric acid da kuma azurfa nitrate take kaiwa ga samuwar na insoluble salts - azurfa chloride wanda precipitates.

Hydrochloric acid reacts tare da aiki karafa. Idan sa a cikin bayani, tutiya, aiki samuwar zai fara kuma saki na hydrogen.

Hydrochloric acid ne da hankula acid, reacts tare da kwasfansu, da karafa da kuma salts.