Binciken William Baffin - bakin teku na Arctic, yana wanke bakin teku na Greenland

An gano wani abu mai ban sha'awa da mahimmanci a karni na 17 ta hanyar jirgin ruwa na William Baffin. Ruwan teku, wanda masu bincike suka gano, an kira shi ne bayan mai nasara da ruwa na arewa. William Baffin da Robert Bailot sun yi nazarin abubuwan da suka gano. Ba da daɗewa ba, W. Baffin ya ɗauki samari huɗu da yawa zuwa tafkin bude. Ina ne teku Baffin da abin da yake, yanzu bari muyi kokarin gano shi.

A bit of history

Na farko da aka ambata teku mai tsananin rikicewa ya bayyana a karni na 16. Sun bar mai bincike daga Birtaniya D. Davis a shekara ta 1585. Amma an ba da sunan tafkin a cikin 1616 bayan zuwan wani Baffin na Birtaniya. Yau, kamar yadda aka ambata, yana da wannan suna saboda ba wai kawai ya ziyarci wadannan latitudes ba, amma ya gudanar da binciken binciken kimiyya duka, ya zama mai bincike na tsibirin Baffin, kuma ya tabbatar da cewa Arewa maso yammacin Ƙeta ta Hudson Bay, wanda shigo da John Davis yake nema, Babu wanzu.

A 1818, wani ɗan Ingila mai suna John Ross ya ci gaba da cigaba da cigaban yammacin yamma. Ya bi tafarkin Baffin. An sake kwatanta teku, tsibirin da yammacin bakin teku na Greenland a lokacin sabuwar tafiya. Bugu da kari, an yi gyare-gyare zuwa taswirar gefen.

Tarihin sha'awa

Ba'a iya fahimtar ruwan teku na Baffin ba. Kasashensa suna dauke da yawancin mutane, tun da yawancin yawan mutane a nan shi ne mafi ƙasƙanci a duniya. Don fahimtar dalilin da yasa hakan yake haka, daya ya amsa tambaya mai sauki: me yasa bakin teku mai tsananin zafi Baffin yake, wanda teku ke ciki?

Muna magana ne game da wani m teku a Arewa Atlantic Ocean. Irin waɗannan nau'o'in ruwa ana kiran su cikin teku. Yankin bakin teku ya ƙaddamar da tsibirin Baffin, tsibirin kudu maso yammacin Greenland da gabashin kogin Arctic.

Ruwa mai ciki, wanda Baffin ya ba da labari, shine teku tare da yanki na 630,000 km2. Yawancin zurfinta kusan kusan 860 m amma amma iyakar zurfin ya fi 2400 m. Tsayin da yake kusa da iyakar daga arewa zuwa kudu yana da kimanin kilomita 1100.

Bankunan da suke wanke bakin teku na Baffin, an lalace su da tsaunuka, bayuka da fjords. Bugu da ƙari, suna kusa da glaciers.

Tsarin hanyoyi da yaduwa

Tare da tekun Atlantic Sea Baffin alaka Devisovym mashigar da Labrador Sea. By da Arctic Ocean ne Nares mashigar. A cikin tekun akwai ƙira guda biyu masu daraja: Kanada da Greenland.

Saboda da Grecia-Kanad submarine elevations (dokin) a Baffin Bay ba ya samun dumi ruwa da talakawa daga cikin Atlantic. Wannan shine babban dalili cewa daya daga cikin tekuna na Atlantic Ocean yana da sanyi sosai kuma an rufe shi da kankara a cikin hunturu.

Sauyin yanayi da hydrology

Baffin na cikin teku a yankin Arctic. A nan, sauƙi da ƙananan filayen zazzabi ana lura da su. Saboda haka, a cikin hunturu akwai 20-28 ° C, kuma a cikin rani ne kawai 7 ° C. Saboda wannan, yawan zafin jiki na ruwa a cikin hunturu shine kawai -1 ° C, a lokacin bazara ba fiye da +5 ° C.

Salinity na ruwa a cikin Bahar Baffin na 30-32 ppm, amma a cikin zurfin shimfidawa yana da ɗan ƙarami kuma yana da fiye da 34 ppm.

A cikin magunguna masu tsananin gaske akwai tarin teku ya fice gaba ɗaya, a cikin saba - ta 80%. A lokacin rani, gilashin kankara da ɗakunan ruwa suna yin iyo a cikin ruwa.

A cikin teku, akwai abin mamaki babban tides. Tsawonsu na tsawon mita 4, matsakaicin mita mita 9. Hasken suna yawancin arewacin yamma.

Yankin yana aiki mai zurfi. An yi rajistar tun daga shekarar 1933, girgizar kasa mafi girma shine maki 6. Na ƙarshe, sama da maki 5, ya faru a shekarar 2010.

Vegetation da fauna

Turar ruwan Baffin ne ake wakilta shi da launin ruwan kasa da launin alkaran da ke tarawa a bakin tekun.

Fauna yana da kyau. Yana gida benthic dabbobi kamar cephalopods da nadawa molluscs, echinoderms, crayfish, coelenterates wakilan (jellyfish) da kuma da dama jinsunan Shellfish: jatan lande, crabs da crayfish. Na sami kamar wata nau'in na marine tsutsotsi.

Duk da ruwan sanyi, kimanin nau'in kifaye iri daban-daban na iya samuwa a cikin teku. Wannan shi ne nau'i-nau'i masu yawa, cod, watau navaga, saika da sauransu. Akwai suma, haddick, flounder, capelin da sauran wakilai. Duk da haka, yawancin masana'antu sun shawo kan yanayi da kankara. A nan, ana iya samo ƙananan jiragen ruwa kawai lokaci-lokaci.

Abubuwan da aka rubuta a lokuta masu yawa na shiga cikin teku Ba tare da hawan kankara ba. Wannan babban kifi ne na cartilaginous. Tsawonsa na iya kai mita shida, amma ga mutumin mai hatsari wannan nau'in ba ya wakiltar.

Tun lokacin da mutum ya sami damar samun albarkatun duniya na Baffin Sea, ana iyakancewa, akwai adadi mai yawa na kwakwalwan beluga da walruses.

Yankunan tsuntsaye ne suke zaune. Waɗannan su ne kasuwanni masu yawa na tsuntsaye, wadanda suka hada da cormorants, gulls, terns, guillemots, ducks da geese.

Don adana albarkatu na albarkatu, jihar ta kare ta bakin teku da ruwa. Kashe manyan mambobi, irin su polar bears, an iyakance. Bugu da ƙari, Baffin Island Park na gudanar da ayyukan kiyaye zaman lafiya a ko'ina cikin kasar.