BCG

A halin yanzu, alurar riga kafi ne daya daga cikin mafi rayayye yi amfani da siffofin rigakafin cututtuka daban-daban. Vaccinal tsara don babban yawan cututtuka, da jerin ci gaba da girma.

Daya daga cikin mafi tsammani shi ne BCG maganin. Its halitta a yarda a sau rage wajen kisa da kuma mace-mace daga cutar tarin fuka kamuwa da cuta. Irin kowa a cikin karni na sha takwas, da kamuwa da cuta da aka kawo a karkashin iko da alurar riga kafi. Duk da haka, ko da a yanzu ba za a iya dangana a da tarin fuka, maganin-cututtuka. Da farko, wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa kunno kai rigakafi ne na wucin gadi, musamman a cikin waɗannan lokuta inda jiki sawa kullum cututtuka, ko a yanayin saukan nakasar ko samu immunodeficiency.

A sosai rare lokuta, vaccinations zai iya ci gaba siffofin da tarin fuka, cutar tarin fuka da cewa an kafa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da wani attenuated iri na microbe. A ci gaba da wannan cuta ne yiwu kuma bayan 'yan shekaru bayan gabatarwar maganin. Haka kuma cutar tasowa saboda da weakening na mutum rigakafi da tsarin, ko a sakamakon janar ci (anorexia).

BCG lamba ne da za'ayi kamar haka: na farko gwamnati da miyagun ƙwayoyi - na huɗu - rana ta shida daga haihuwar da yaro. Wannan magudi ne yawanci kai tsaye, a cikin asibitin wani. A farko revaccination ne da za'ayi da yaro a cikin shekaru bakwai, na biyu kara amfani (shekaru 14) ne da za'ayi a cikin taron cewa ya saukar da rashin rigakafi ga tarin fuka wakili (ie, a lokacin da BCG maganin baya gabatar, da kuma mutum bai sadu da tubercle bacillus a yanayi).

Domin fahimtar ko wani yaro da tarin fuka da kuma ya bukaci revaccination aka ba da cutar ko a'a, ciyar da Mantoux gwajin, a matsayin nuna alama na reactivity game da tarin fuka wakili. Rarrabe normergicheskuyu da hyperergic dauki, dangane da girman da kafa papules da kuma ta mai tsanani.

A abun da ke ciki na daban-daban alluran iya hada duka biyu live da kuma kashe kwayar da ake dasu jamiái.

A abun da ke ciki ya ƙunshi rai BCG maganin da Mycobacterium tarin fuka musamman damuwa tare da rage virulence. Wannan iri da aka samu ta hanyar maimaita culturing karkashin m yanayi na microbe. Rigakafi da aka kafa a sakamakon multiplication da wakili a cikin jikin mutum da kuma samar da antibodies kan factor. A peculiarity na rigakafi da siffofin da BCG maganin shi ne cewa shi yana goyan bayan da dagewa da microbe a cikin jiki. Wannan guda fasalin bayyana yiwuwar ci gaban post-lamba da tarin fuka.

Rigakafi samu mutumin a sakamakon lamba, shi ne halitta vaccinal. Bugu da kari akwai wata halitta nevaktsinalny rigakafi, wanda samuwar ne saboda da na halitta fadowa daga Mycobacterium tarin fuka a mutum Airways. Irin wannan rigakafi ne ma sosai na kowa, kamar yadda jikin mutum ta damar saduwa da Koch sandunansu akwai da yawa. Daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci epidemiologically da tarin fuka ne bude form idan exhaled iska tãre da mãsu haƙuri ance da ake dasu wakili.

Akwai da dama daga contraindications zuwa lamba. Su duk fall lokaci (gubar zuwa jinkiri na lamba), da kuma m (a cikin wannan harka, alurar riga kafi ba za'ayi). Don wucin gadi Contra lamba hada prematurity (jariri nauyi ne kasa da 2.5 kilo), kazalika da yawan cututtuka da kuma m exacerbations na kullum pathologies. BCG maganin ba ba zuwa ga batutuwa da naci rigakafi kasawa, kamar yadda na iya ci gaba kowa yana da siffofin da tarin fuka - shi ne mai dindindin contraindication ga lamba.