Barasa ma'aunin zafi da sanyio: wani bayyani daga cikin mafi kyau masana'antun da kuma model

Yanzu duk aka sani barasa thermometers. Kamar yadda suka tashi, abin da iri kayan zama a halin yanzu da kuma yadda ake amfani da su?

Samfur na zamani ma'aunin zafi da sanyio

An yi imani da cewa mahaifinsa kuwa Galileo Galiley ma'aunin zafi da sanyio. A ƙarshen XVI karni, ya halicci wasu semblance na zamani kayan aiki kira thermoscope. Yana kunshi wani mazugi da gilashi tube, da kuma aka tsara don ƙayyade ko canje-canje a cikin ruwa da zazzabi. Scale a cikin wannan na'urar da aka ba. Saboda haka, don gano yadda yawa da shi ya canza, shi ba zai yiwu ba.

Sa'an nan da inganta na'ura, da ƙara a sikelin da beads, iska da aka cire, da mazugi-ball juya sama. A karshe, cikin ruwa da aka maye gurbinsu da ethyl barasa. Yana yi Florentine Torricelli. Wannan} ir} ya yarda da wani sashe ma'aunai a cikin misãlin weather. Bayan da ruwa a lokacin daskarewa ba kawai ya koma tare da sikelin. Kansa gilashin jirgin ruwa fashe da fadi zuwa cikin disrepair. Bugu da kari, barasa ma'aunin zafi da sanyio ya m na yanayi matsa lamba. A 'yan na haihuwa Florentine thermometers sun tsira da suke a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya Galileo.

Division aka ajiye a kan bututu mai tsanani da enamel, da dama, na fari, da sauran baki. Yawanci kewayon ya daga -10 zuwa +40. A tube mai cike da barasa da kuma shãfe haske da kakin zuma. Barasa thermometers daya master nuna guda dabi'u a karkashin tuta yanayi. Amma rarraba kowane master sun daban-daban. Lokacin da yunƙurin raba sikelin zuwa 100 da kuma karin guda don samun wannan darajar kasa.

Cika Mercury ma'aunin zafi da sanyio ƙirƙira G. Fahrenheit. Yana ba da sikelin a kan sanyinsu na brine, 32 digiri Fahrenheit, 96 digiri - yanayin jiki, 212 misãlin ruwa. Wannan ma'aunin zafi da sanyio amfani har cikin tsakiyar XX karni, kuma a Amurka ya ci gaba da tambaya a yau.

kyautata ma'aunin zafi da sanyio

A farkon da XVIII karni Gilyom Amontons canza ji tsarin. A kasar Faransa wanda ya? Ir? Ira da barasa ma'aunin zafi da sanyio, bi canje-canje na iska elasticity, kyalewa da matsa lamba. A wannan yanayin, da sikelin ya kasance sifili zazzabi, wanda a yanzu ake kira cikakkar sifili. Wani batun m, a ma'aunin zafi da sanyio ya tafasasshen batu na ruwa. Amma Faransa suka qirqiro barasa ma'aunin zafi da sanyio, ba su yi la'akari da tasirin da yanayi matsa lamba a kan tafasar batu na ruwa.

A bayyanar shi ne mai siphon barometer bude gwiwa a sama. Kasa ya da wani bayani na potash, da kuma a kan saman da man fetur. A tank aka shãfe haske.

Scale zazzabi ma'aunai

Wannan nema ba sosai kama da zamani ruhu thermometers don auna zafin jiki. A wannan lokaci, masana kimiyya da dama aiki a kan halittar ko kyautata na ta data kasance model.

Inganta na'urar da wani Bafaranshe. Barasa ma'aunin zafi da sanyio Reaumur da sikelin daga 0 zuwa 80 digiri. A kankara ya narke a 0 digiri, da ruwa Boiled a 80. Ya gane cewa Mercury da barasa an fadada a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban, saboda na sikelin for thermometers kada ta kasance guda. Amma ya thermometers sun babban kuma m don amfani.

Daga tsakiyar karni XVIII ga XX karni da dama da muhimmanci binciken da aka yi. Swede Anders Tselsy daidai a tsare tafasar batu sifili, kuma ta daskarewa - ma'ana 100. An gano cewa kawai kankara tafasar zafin jiki ya dogara da yanayi matsa lamba, da kuma misãlin shi ba zai tasiri. Saboda haka, da rabo da aka located daidai.

Madaidaici data a kan daidai wanda ya jũya a sikelin "a kan ta kai" babu. Wasu sun ce shi ya sanya kansa Celsius. Sauran masu bincike yaba da canza shugabanci na sikelin da Carl Linnaeus ko Morten Shtremer.

Turanci masanin kimiyya Kelvin (Vilyam Tomson) Ya halitta cikakkar zazzabi sikelin daga cikakkar sifili a kan Celsius sikelin ne -273,15 digiri.

A cikin XVIII karni barasa thermometers aka yadu rarraba a Turai. Sun fara sayar da tare da sauran kaya. Duk da yake yawan zafin jiki ma'aunan da aka sani na 19. Saboda haka, M. Lomonosov miƙa masa, tare da 150, da kuma Lambert - sikelin da 375 rarrabu, kowanne daga abin da aka daidaita a dubbai iska bazuwa.

XVIII karni da aka alama ta gagarumin binciken a fagen halitta da kuma kyautata instrumentation, ciki har da barasa thermometers.

A ƙarshen XX karni fara fito fili, sabon kwatance da kuma kida bisa daban-daban ka'idojin aikin.

daban na thermometers

• Liquid.
• Inji aiki a kan wannan manufa, amma maimakon yin amfani da taya bimetallic tsiri ko a karkace.
• Lantarki karfe amfani da canji juriya a ƙarƙashin rinjayar zazzabi. Kamar yadda amfani da platinum waya shugaba ko plating a kan yumbu. Auna daga -200 ° C zuwa 850 ° C.
• Tantancewar bakan dangane da matakin da canji ko wasu sigogi. Wadannan sun hada da infrared gauges da yawan zafin jiki na jiki aiki ba tare da mutum lamba.
• Manometer, fadada thermometers, pyrometric, thermoelectric.

fasaha thermometers

Wadannan sun hada da na'urorin dogara ne a kan kowane irin ma'aunai. Suna halin wani ƙara adaptability da sharuššan amfani. Shi ne m, kuma vibration-ware domin nizkogradusnye spetskamer ga mai kayayyakin da dakin gwaje-gwaje. Suna amfani da kafuwa a cikin piping, daban-daban tankuna a cikin sinadaran da abinci masana'antu, musamman a cikin sugar gwoza aiki.

Amfani da su, da kuma a ɓõye gidajensu wajen saka idanu da yawan zafin jiki a daban-daban iyawarsa.

Suna iya zama a tsaye da kuma mai kusurwa. Sunan dogara a kan irin ƙananan part: shi a mike ko angled.

The aiki manufa da fasaha barasa thermometers kahu a kan gaskiyar cewa aiki bayani yana faɗaɗa ko shrinks ƙarƙashin rinjayar zazzabi.

Kafin sayen wannan ma'auni kayan aiki wajibi ne a zama saba da ta halaye.

Fasaha barasa ma'aunin zafi da sanyio iya auna zazzabi na daga -70 ° C zuwa 600 ° C.

Barasa ma'aunin zafi da sanyio zuwa 100 digiri ba dace da canning. Saboda haka, jam aka dauke shirye lokacin da ta zazzabi ya kai 106 ° C. Taimaka auna barasa ma'aunin zafi da sanyio da tsare TK-1 iliTK 110 a karfe hali.

ciko thermometers

Liquid thermometers amfani da za a cike da Mercury da barasa. Amma Mercury vapors ne mai hadarin gaske ga jiki. Suna kafa, idan mun karya da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio. Saboda haka a yanzu, Mercury thermometers ba amfani.

Outdoor thermometers

Yanzu da babban titi barasa thermometers suna zama mashahuri. Su tsawon iya isa 80 cm kuma mafi. Su iya yi ado ganuwar da ofishin, shop ko banki. A frame masu daraja itace, roba ko karfe dubi arziki da kuma asali. Scale yumbu dutse mai karko da kuma abin dogara.

Irin wannan barasa ma'aunin zafi da sanyio matakan da yawan zafin jiki a waje daga -53 ° C zuwa 51 ° C.

Ma'aunin zafi da sanyio "innabi bar" Jamus kamfanoni TFA Dostmann GmbH da aka yi da aikata baƙin ƙarfe. Ana iya amfani da a matsayin wani waje ko ciki. Length na 385 cm.

Jamus kamfanin iya kira Moller-Therm GmbH. Suna Ya sanya daga high quality ciki thermometers. Da garanti a kan su - 2 years.

Mafi sau da yawa amfani na gida waje thermometers ne kananan. Suna haɗe da taga ko Velcro da katako sassa na kuma kofofi da tagogi da sukurori. Popular waje biyu-gefe Velcro barasa thermometers da sikelin, wanda za a iya gani ta hanyar gilashin taga. Bayan duk, domin sani da yawan zafin jiki a kan titi, ba ka bukatar ka bar Apartment. Daya manufacturer - Penosil (Rasha).

Akwai model tare da roba gidaje.

Aunawa ruwa zazzabi

Barasa ma'aunin zafi da sanyio iya auna ruwa zafin jiki a cikin wanka don wani jariri wanka. Don yin wannan, shi dole ne zapapayan a wani roba hali.

Mutane da yawa mamaki ko barasa ma'aunin zafi da sanyio don auna zafin jiki na ruwa, wanda tafasa? A'a, domin barasa tafasa a wata m zazzabi fiye da ruwa. Amma akwai musamman hatimce da kuma calibrated thermometers da wanda ka yi da shi. Saboda haka, yin amfani da barasa ma'aunin zafi da sanyio zuwa 100 digiri Celsius. Kuma a cikin sub-sifili yanayin zafi da shi ya yi daidai mafi alhẽri daga da Mercury. Bayan Mercury freezes a 39 digiri Celsius. Duk da yake barasa iya auna zafin jiki zuwa 70 digiri Celsius.