Archean zamanin - farkon rayuwa a Duniya

A farkon lokaci na ci gaba da tsoho duniya ta ɓawon burodi - shi ne Archean zamanin. Sai a wannan lokaci, bisa ga masana kimiyya kasance na farko da masu rai, heterotrophs, wanda a matsayin abinci ta amfani da wani iri-iri na Organic mahadi. A ƙarshen Archean zamanin, akwai wani samuwar na tsakiya na duniya tamu, iskar rage aiki na volcanoes, saboda wanda duniya suka fara samar rayuwa.

Archean zamanin fara game da biliyan 4 da suka wuce da kuma tsawon game da 1,56 shekaru biliyan. Kasu kashi hudu lokuta: neoarchean, paleoarchean, mesoarchean da Eoarchean.

The Earth ta ɓawon burodi a cikin Archean zamanin

A lokacin neoarchean, wanda ya faru a kusa da 4 000-shekaru miliyan da suka wuce, ƙasa da aka riga ya kafa a matsayin duniya. Kusan daukacin yankin da aka shagaltar da volcanoes cewa sun barke a mai yawa lawa. Ta zafi kogin kafa nahiyoyi, plateaus, duwãtsu, kuma Oceanic ramuka. Constant aiki na volcanoes da kuma high yanayin zafi sun kai ga ci gaban da albarkatun ma'adinai - tama, jan, aluminum, da zinariya, da gina da dutse, rediyoaktif karafa, cobalt da na baƙin ƙarfe. Game da 3,67 biliyan. Years da suka wuce kafa na farko metamorphic da igneous kankara (dutse, diorite da anorthosite), wanda aka samu a wurare daban-daban: Baltic da kuma Kanada da garkuwoyi, da Grecia da sauransu.

A lokacin Paleoarheya (3,7-3,34 biliyan shekaru da suka wuce) da samuwar na farko nahiyar - Valbaru, da kuma wani guda teku. A tsarin teku ridges canza, sakamakon shi a hankali a hankali karuwa da ruwa da kuma rage a cikin adadin carbon dioxide a sararin iska.

Mesoarchean sa'an nan bi, a lokacin da supercontinent sannu a hankali ya fara crack. A neoarchean ƙare game da 2,65 mldr shekaru da suka wuce, kafa babban nahiyar taro. Wannan al'amari yana nuna tsufa dukkan nahiyoyi na duniya tamu.

Sauyin yanayi da kuma yanayi

Archean zamanin halin da kananan yawan ruwa. Maimakon guda sararin tẽku ta kasance kawai m waha located dabam daga juna. A yanayi kunshi yafi na gas (carbon dioxide - CO2 sinadaran dabara), ta yawa da aka yafi hakan yanzu. Ruwan zafin jiki ya 90 digiri. A wani yanayi na nitrogen da aka kananan, game da goma zuwa goma sha biyar bisa dari. Methane, oxygen da kuma sauran gas kusan ba. Da yawan zafin jiki na yanayi da kanta, a cewar masana kimiyya, ta kai 120 digiri.

Archean Era: Biology

A wannan zamanin ne da fitowan na farko sauki kwayoyin. Anaerobic kwayoyin ne na farko mazaunan duniya. A Archean zamanin kasance na farko photosynthetic kwayoyin - cyanobacteria (pre-nukiliya) da kuma blue-kore algae, wanda ya fara zuwa emit a cikin yanayin duniya da ta teku free oxygen. Wannan ya bayar da gudunmawar zuwa fitowan da rayayyun kwayoyin halitta da za su iya tsira a wani oxygen yanayi.

Amma Archaeozoic zamanin ne mai muhimmanci, ba kawai ta hanyar bayyanar photosynthesis. A wannan lokaci akwai guda biyu mafi muhimmanci juyin events: akwai kwayar kuma jima'i tsari, wanda ya karu da cika fuska da karbuwa ga muhalli da yanayi saboda da halittar sa na chromosomal haduwa.