"Anti-fashin teku" dokar a Rasha

Muhimmanci ga duk Internet "anti-fashin teku" dokar a Rasha ta bayyana a shekarar 2013. Tun daga nan, ya tafi hanyar da dama bita. Its tallafi ya kai ga kaifi jama'a muhawara game da nan gaba na World Wide Web da kuma free samun bayanai.

Fage bayyanar

Mene ne "anti-fashin teku" dokar? Me zai gwamnatin yarda da shi? A baza na Internet ya jũyar da dukan view of samuwar bayanai. Lokacin da cibiyar sadarwa da ya shigo ya bayyana a Rasha, shi ba ya kayyade, kuma ya samuwa ga wani karamin sashen dutsen masu amfani. A farko samar da ya bayyana a Moscow a cikin 90s. su mahada gudun aka musamman low.

A kan lokaci, da masana'antu ya ɓullo da muhimmanci. Major kamfanonin wayar salula ya fara bayar da internet sabis azurtawa. A cikin sifili shekaru Network zama available. Wannan aka yuwuwa ta sanadi biyu. Da fari dai, kowane gidan yana da kansa sirri kwamfuta. Na biyu, da rage a farashin ga sabis na Intanit.

Tare da lavinopodobnym kara masu sauraro a kan yanar gizo ya fara bayyana more kuma mafi daban-daban ciki: music, littattafai, fina-finai ... A gaskiya, mutane sun samu free samun dukiyar ilimi. Canje-canje a cikin kasuwar sun cutar da rikodi masana'antu, da sauransu. D. Rights kambun, Studios da kuma marubuta sun dukkan zama ƙara juya zuwa jihar ya dauki halin da ake ciki na " 'yan fashin teku." Na farko, saboda na wasa irin harshe na dabam kira ba bisa doka ba downloading na fayiloli. Daga baya lokaci kama a cikin aikin hukuma na kowa parlance. Saboda haka da sunan da "anti-fashin teku" dokar.

kulle inji

A shekarar 2013, jihar Duma wakilai, ya fara aikin kungiyar na cudanya, kwamitin da Communications. Its sakamakon shi ne "anti-fashin teku" dokar. Ya yi damar tarewa na shafukan, idan unlicensed ciki žunsa. A wannan yanayin da himma nasa ne da dama mariƙin. Idan mai shi daga cikin film shi dai itace cewa da wani site ne wa dukiyarsa, ya tafi can ba bisa ƙa'ida ba, ya iya amfani da dace jihar jikinsu.

Da farko an shirya cewa dokar za ta iya amfani da duk wani nau'i na bayanai a kan Internet. Bayan wasu gyara, aka yanke shawarar rage aikace-aikace na wannan mulki ne kawai abun ciki na bidiyo. A shekara daga baya, sabuwar fadada jerin. A wannan yanayin, da dama mariƙin dole ne tabbatar da cewa ya - mai shi daga cikin samfurin. Rigingimu da masu shafukan zaunar da kotu. Don yin wannan, ma'abũcin dole ne sallama a da'awar. Idan mai hasarar da hali, ya zamar masa dole ya biya diyya ga mai shi daga cikin site da kuma duk mutane da suka sha wahala asarar saboda fitina da kuma wanda bai kai blockage.

Roskomnadzor

Domin "anti-fashin teku" dokar gaske sanã'anta, jihar dillancin aka bukata, wanda za a tsunduma a tarewa shafukan. A saboda wannan dalili, an zabi Roskomnadzor, wanda shi ne wani ɓangare na ma'aikatar sadarwa da kuma Mass Communications na Rasha.

Yaushe ne aka "anti-fashin teku" dokar, Tarayyar Service ya samu duk kayan aikin dole a gudanar da tarewa shafukan kwanaki biyar. Tun daga farko shi ne, ba bayyana nawa kudi za a bukata don tabbatar da cewa duk dole albarkatun sashen. A rana ta biyu na dokar Roskomnadzor nemi miliyan 100 rubles a shekara a yaki da 'yan fashin teku. Don aiki tare da An katange shafukan ƙirƙirar musamman naúrar, a cikin abin da 25 da ma'aikata da aka aiki.

enactment na da wata doka

Rasha "anti-fashin teku" dokar da aka tsara da kuma soma a wani dan kankanin lokacin. 6 ga watan Yuni, 2013 dama wakilai, na Jihar Duma na uku majalisar jam'iyyun sun sanya su aikin for shawara. A tattaunawa da aka short-rayu. Yuni 21 "anti-fashin teku" dokar da aka wuce a cikin na uku karatu. The kawai mutum da suka zabe kan shi, shi ne mataimakin na "Fair Rasha" Dmitry Gudkov.

Yuni 26 da doka da aka amince a cikin Federation Council, da kuma riga Yuli 2 aka sanya hannu da shugaban kasar Rasha Vladimir Putin. Its guzuri shiga da karfi a kan 1 watan Agusta 2013.

Criticism a cikin Internet masana'antu

Ko kafin "anti-fashin teku" dokar a Rasha Federation shiga da karfi, shi ya soki manyan gida da kuma waje Internet kamfanonin ( "yandex", Mail.ru, Google). Abokan adawar na aikin ce sabon dalĩli Roskomnadzor ba kawai ya cutar da hakkin kambun kansu, amma kuma ta kai ga bayyanar yin katsalandan a kan yanar gizo.

Har ila yau a cikin "yandex" mu lura da cewa, wakilai, ya yanke shawarar ya dauko sabon matsayin na dukan masana'antu, ba tare da tuntubar masana. A Jihar Duma bai amsa kiran da gwani da kuma ra'ayin jama'a. Internet kamfanoni sun nemi soke idan ba ka aikata ba, to, a kalla a gyara "anti-fashin teku" dokar a Rasha.

A Google yi falala a kansu da pre-fitina sanarwar da kuma kau da abun ciki. Matsalar shi ne cewa Roskomnadzor iya toshe wata site, ko da ba tare da sun sanar da masu kuma ba da ciwon lokaci ga kuskure gyara (kau na unlicensed kayayyakin). Kwararru na "yandex", a cikin wasu abubuwa, ya kara da cewa rufe dukan yankin bai sa hankali. Daga shafin zama m tarewa da abun ciki wanda cikakken kõma, zuwa ga hukuncinSa. Saboda haka, masana ya nuna cewa, hanya mafi kyau don toshe da dakatar kayayyakin ga wani kai tsaye mahada zuwa gare shi. A wannan yanayin, da sauran abubuwan da ba za a shafa.

Fighting kwa'di

Lokacin da "anti-fashin teku" dokar a Rasha za su kawai za a yarda a Duma, da yawa Internet masana'antu masana ce cewa kulle a kan IP-address banza ne. The inji wannan hanya ne cewa Roskomnadzor ba zai iya cire site da kuma halakar da haramta abun ciki, don haka hukumar rufe masu amfani "kofofin" manyan zuwa shafin. Wannan ne yake aikata da taimakon Internet masu samar da sabis. Aiki aiki a Rasha, sami sanarwa daga jihar cewa wani site yanzu blacklisted. ISP aka tarewa zirga-zirga masu amfani da suke so su ziyarci shi.

Amma da shafin kanta, wadannan matakan da ba ya ji rauni. Ya ci gaba da aiki a kan da kansa uwar garke. Yana a cikin wannan yanayin za a iya bude kasashen waje, inda wani dalĩli game da Roskomnadzor. Saboda haka, nan da nan bayan da tallafi na Shari'a a Rasha kashi na Internet sun zama ƙara rare iri-iri na fasaha wajen jingine interlocks. Alal misali, anonymizer kai tsaye mai amfani da zirga-zirga zuwa IP-address ne a wata kasa. Saboda haka, mutum wanda yake so ya sauke wani abu online, iya kewaye da kulle sauƙi.

A mummunan sakamakon da dokar

A "yandex" da kuma Mail.ru kuma tambaye wakilai, to la'akari da kwarewa na} asashen waje, da yaki da 'yan fashin teku. A kamfanonin yanke shawarar cewa Roskomnadzor sunadaran haifar da ƙasa ga zagi da kuma tsiwirwirin kuskure. Alal misali, kamfanin dillancin iya toshe m hanya. Ko da idan ta faru bisa ga kuskure, ba sharri, rasa shafin owner zai zama guda.

Rasha Association of Electronic Communications gabatar da jama'a ta rahoto kan abin da ya razana su "anti-fashin teku" dokar a Rasha. Jigon ta drawbacks ne cewa masu Rasha shafukan zai fara "matsawa" zuwa wasu kasashen. Wannan ne yake aikata sosai kawai. A duka Internet ne zuwa kashi domains na zuwa kasashe daban-daban. A Rasha shi ne «.ru». Idan mai "zai kawo" wani hanya zuwa ga matukar ".com", shi zai zama wani ƙarin buga wa dukan na cikin gida da kashi na World Wide Web.

Masana sun ce an yi gyara da cewa zai yi smoothed da sharpest kusassari. A cikin view, da dokar kamata ba karya da kayan yau da kullum na free internet. Bugu da kari, wasu kasuwa mahalarta suka fara ji tsõron sabon tsarin zai zama wani kayan aiki don shirya kasuwanci matsaloli musamman hakkokin da kambun a kudi na masu shafukan.

jama'a dauki

Mutane da yawa online shafukan matsayin alamar rashin jituwa da sabon dokokin dan lokaci tsaya ta aiki a ranar, a lõkacin da suka shiga da karfi "anti-fashin teku" dokar a Rasha. Kwanan wata na sanya hannu na daftarin aiki ya} ashin ga bunqasar da daban-daban mahalarta a cikin rumfa cibiyar sadarwa. 1 ga watan Agusta, 2013 fiye da dubu shafukan sun katse su uwar garke. Zanga-zangar da aka gudanar a tituna. Saboda haka, "dan fashi na teku Party of Rasha" da aka gudanar a 'yan rallies, kide a cikin manyan birane.

The Internet ya fara tattara rumfa sa hannu ga takarda da hukumomi. Bisa ga dokoki, cewa da himma ya wuce zuwa jihar Duma, shi dole ne goyi bayan a kalla mutum ɗari da dubu mutane. The bukata yawan sa hannu an tattara shi ne da gaske a cikin farko makonni bayan tallafi na lissafin. Duk da haka, duk wani m sakamakon wannan yakin himma kasa. A takarda da aka ƙi a watan Oktoba 2013.

Tallafi na dokar wani lokaci kawo tare magoya bayan na yaki da unlicensed ciki. Saboda haka, kasar ta most online movie sinimomi sun kafa wata kungiya da ake kira "Internet Video". Mahalarta taron sun amince da a hade inganta kasuwar istinbadi kayayyakin a kan Internet - fina-finai, TV series, da dai sauransu ...

"Madawwami kulle"

Daya daga cikin mafi resonant events hade da tallafi na dokar ya "madawwami kulle" rare torrent portal Rutracker.org. A wannan site, dage farawa daga sosai daban-daban ciki. Masu da hanya a gaban doka rufe rarraba fayiloli, dama da kambun wanda ya koka game da su jeri a cikin cibiyar sadarwa.

A 2015, wata babbar bugu gidan "Eksmo" yi kwat da wando a cikin Moscow City Kotun. By ta yanke shawara, da shafin da aka katange. Publisher da ake bukata rufe 320.000 hannuwa, Ya halitta a kan shekaru goma na zama na portal. Site masu sun ciyar a kan hanya kuri'a tsakanin masu amfani. A weights aka tambaye shi yadda suke dangantaka da ƙulli daga hannunsu. Dalilin da rikici tsakanin tracker da wallafe-wallafe gidan zama "anti-fashin teku" dokar a Rasha. Mataki na ashirin da, ko kuma wajen, Tarayyar Dokar lambar 187, ya ce cewa da shafin, a cikin taron na biyu kashi a kotu ya kamata fada karkashin "m kulle".

Case "rutrekere"

"Madawwami kulle" - mai ban a dama ga dukan site, ba kawai ga waɗanda kayan da aka samu unlicensed. Amma kamar yadda irin wannan hani ba ne daban-daban daga saba? A baya lokuta, Roskomnadzor tanadi damar zuwa yanar idan su masu da aka cire pirated ciki.

Rutracker.org barazanar ban da wani lokaci iyaka. Masu amfani da shafin a cikin ni'imar retaining cikin jayayya abu. Janairu 19, 2016 da hanya da aka buga da wani "m kulle". Har sai wannan rana, da shafin da aka ziyarci da 'yan kowace rana, miliyoyin masu amfani. Yana da aka Rasha ta most site na irin.

Internet masu amfani da Roskomnadzor

A labarin na "rutrekere" a fili ya nuna abin da wani "anti-fashin teku" dokar a Rasha. Soma ko ba wannan daftarin aiki? Haka ne, shi ne riga a karfi a cikin dukan Rasha kashi na Internet. "Rutrekere" ya zama daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci jikkata.

Da zarar kulle, da yawan masu amfani da suka ziyarci shafin, fadi sau da dama. Duk da haka, masu sauraro da sauri ƙware da kayan aikin su domin kubuta da aka hana Roskomnadzor. Cikin 'yan makonni da zirga-zirga a kan site mayar da asali dabi'u (kulle). Bugu da kari, "rutrekere" haramta mallaka da kambun don daukaka kara kan hannunka. Bayan haka, shafin ya captivated doka abun ciki, da wanda ya yi yaƙi "anti-fashin teku" dokar.

piratical records

Masu amfani da sauran albarkatun kuma fito da nasu hanyoyi na rashin amincewa da shawarar da Roskomnadzor. Bugu da kari to video, wata babbar tsararru na bayanai da aka pirated audio fayiloli. The most mangaza na music a Rasha kashi na yanar-gizo ne a social network "VKontakte". Ta jagoranci ya ko da yaushe bi da umarnin na Roskomnadzor kuma amsa gunaguni na dama da kambun, wanda records da aka aza masu sauraro a kan su shafukan.

Duk da haka, masu amfani da social networks, kazalika a cikin hali na "rutrekere" sãmi wata hanya da za a kewaye da blockage, wanda ya jagoranci gwagwarmaya na jihar da 'yan fashin teku. Mutanen da suka sauke waƙa, ya fara sake suna cikin song haka da cewa tsarin ba zai iya sanin cewa fayil da ke a cikin shugabanci na bai dace ba abun ciki. A sakamakon haka, da zamantakewa cibiyar sadarwa sake yin ambaliyar ruwa pirated abu.