Abin da aka iAd a zamani sunadarai?

Bari mu magana game da abin da ISI a inorganic kuma Organic kira.

aiwatar definition

Karkashin redox halayen unsa irin matakai a sakamakon wanda zai canza hadawan abu da iskar shaka Jihar biyu ko fiye da sinadaran abubuwa a hadaddun ko sauki abubuwa.

Mene ne hadawan abu da iskar shaka

By irin wannan nufin da hadawan abu da iskar shaka na da sinadaran dauki, a cikin abin da aiwatar da wani takamaiman zarra ko ion hasarar electrons, ta haka ne rage ta asali hadawan abu da iskar shaka da lambar. Wannan tsari shi ne halayyar karafa.

Mene ne dawo da

A karkashin dawo da tsarin ya shafi wani sinadaran canji, sakamakon a cikin mataki na hadawan abu da iskar shaka zai rage ion ko wani sauki abu, Bugu da kari na electrons faruwa. Wannan dauki halayyar wadanda ba karafa da acidic sharan.

reductant Feature

Idan akai la'akari da tambaya ga abin da yake iAd, ba za mu iya watsi da irin wannan abu a matsayin "Munã rage wakili".

Yana nufin wani tsaka tsaki kwayoyin ko cajin ion, wanda a sakamakon sinadaran hulda zai so ion zuwa wani zarra ko electron, haka ne kara da mataki na hadawan abu da iskar shaka.

Tabbatar da dalilin da oxidant

Reasoning kan abin da OVR ne mai muhimmanci ga ambaci wani lokaci kamar "oxidizer". Karkashin shi suna dauka don nufin ions ko tsaka tsaki atoms cewa ta sinadaran hulda zai yi mummunan electrons da sauran kwayoyin halitta ko tsaka tsaki barbashi. A lokaci guda ta asali hadawan abu da iskar shaka jihar za ta rage.

iri ISI

Jayayya a kan abin da iAd, ya kamata a lura game da irin wadannan matakai, wanda sukan dauke a cikin inorganic kuma Organic kira.

Intermolecular interactions unsa irin matakai a cikin abin da kwayoyin zarra da wani rage wakili da oxidizing wakili suna located in daban-daban suka fara abubuwa, an mayar da martani. A matsayin misali na irin wannan canji zai iya haifar da hulda tsakanin manganese oxide (4) da wani bayani da hydrochloric acid a cikin abin da chlorine gas da aka kafa, manganous chloride da ruwa.

A wannan tsarin sunadarai a matsayin reductant anions bayyana chlorine hadawan abu da iskar shaka a matsayin hulda. Manganese cation (tare da hadawan abu da iskar shaka +4) exerts hadawan abu da iskar shaka dauki damar, yarda biyu electrons, an rage.

Intramolecular hulda ne da sinadaran rikirkida irin wannan, kamar yadda wani rage wakili da wanda kwayoyin zarra da oxidant ne da farko kwayoyin halitta daya fara abu, da kuma bayan hira su ne a cikin daban-daban dauki kayayyakin.
A matsayin misali na irin wannan dauki za a iya wakilta wani bazuwar na potassium chlorate. Bayan dumama abu za a tuba zuwa potassium chloride, da oxygen. Oxidative Properties ne halayyar chlorate anion, wanda, shan biyar electrons a dauki zai dawo ya canza kama zuwa chloride.

A wannan yanayin, da oxygen anion zai nuna rage Properties, suna oxidized to kwayoyin oxygen. To, abin da yake cikin IAD a cikin wannan hali? Wannan electron canja wurin tsari tsakanin ions, manyan ga samuwar biyu dauki kayayyakin.

Har ila yau, domin irin wannan sinadaran halayen faruwa tare da canji a cikin hadawan abu da iskar shaka furta abubuwa ne da farko a cikin wata dabara tana nufin aiwatar da bazuwar na ammonium nitrite. Nitrogen tsaye a ammonium cation da ciwon da hadawan abu da iskar shaka jihar 3, a lokacin aiwatar da aika wani shida electrons da aka oxidized to kwayoyin nitrogen. Kuma da nitrogen wanda shi ne memba na nitrite, na'am shida electrons, tare da rage wakili, da kuma a lokacin da dauki shi ne oxidized.

Mene ne iAd a cikin sunadarai? Definition dauke sama ya nuna cewa wannan canji a hade da canje-canje da dama abubuwa na hadawan abu da iskar shaka.

Autoxidation da kuma dawo da (fidda) kwakwalwa irin matakai a cikin shakka daga abin da matsayin rage wakili da oxidizing wakili hidima daya fara zarra wadda za ta kara da kuma lokaci guda rage hadawan abu da iskar shaka jihar bayan kammala na dauki. Jayayya a kan abin da iAd ne a cikin sunadarai, misalai na irin canje za a iya samu ko da a cikin shakka daga makarantar sakandare sunadarai. Potassium sulfite bazuwar kan dumama sakamakon a cikin samuwar biyu karfe salts: sulphide da sulphate. A sulfur a hadawan abu da iskar shaka jihar +4 da kuma farfado saukarwa da hadawan abu da iskar shaka da kaddarorin da kiwon da ragewan da hadawan abu da iskar shaka jihar Manuniya.

Don gane abin da ake nufi WRA a cikin sunadarai, mu kira wani nau'i na irin wannan sinadaran canje. Kontrproportsionirovanie ya shafi irin matakai a sakamakon wanda da oxidant da reductant atoms an hada da daban-daban farawa aka gyara, amma a gefen dama, sai suka samar da wani dauki samfurin. Alal misali, ta maida martani a sulfur oxide (4) tare da hydrogen sulfide ta samar da sulfur da kuma ruwa. Ion sulfur a hadawan abu da iskar shaka jihar +4 zai dauki hudu electrons, da sulfur ion tare da nuna alama -2 hasarar biyu electrons. A sakamakon haka, biyu daga cikinsu an canza kama zuwa wani sauki abu, wanda yana da wani hadawan abu da iskar shaka Jihar sifili.

ƙarshe

Idan akai la'akari da tambaya ga abin da yake ISI a cikin sunadarai, mun lura cewa wannan mahara hira, da wanda rayayyun kwayoyin halitta aiki, sanya wani iri-iri na halitta matakai da mamaki. Domin shirya lissafai a irin wannan abubuwan, ya zama dole a yi wani lantarki balance.