A yankin na Don Cossacks tarihi. Map Area na Army Don

Don Cossack sojoji sun mamaye yankin na Don Cossacks. A zamaninmu, waɗannan ƙasashe suna located Rostov, Volgograd, Lugansk, Voronezh yankin da kuma Kalmykia. Ko da yake Rostov aka shiga nan a karshe misali, mafi yawan takardu a kan yawan jama'a da kuma tarihi na yankin da aka adana a cikin ta gidajen tarihi da kuma archives.

A tarihin samuwar na Don Cossacks

A ranar da hukuma samuwar Don Cossacks dauke fita na farko da aka rubuta source, wanda aka kiyaye su domin mu kwana. Yana da wani tambaya na Ivana Groznogo, a cikin abin da da ya gaya Michael Ataman Cherkashenina biyayya bayan sarki Novosiltsev jagora zuwa Konstantinoful. HanyarSa dauki kan Don. A lokacin wannan gwamnati wa'adi ga baiwa da Cossacks. Dating na diplomas - Janairu 3, 1570. Duk da yake shi ne bayyananne shi ne gaskiya cewa Union of Cossacks, da Don Sojojin aka kafa da yawa a baya. Saboda in ba haka ba sarki kawai babu daya da za a magance.

Amma da daftarin aiki ya nuna cewa daga lokacin Don Cossacks hukumance tsaron iyakar kudancin na mulkin. A ƙarshen XVI karni, shi shagaltar da ƙasa daga kasashen waje tare da duka na tsawon game da 800 kilomita. An located a kan bankunan na Don kuma ta aikin gandu. Kuma bayan wani karni Cossacks na Don sojojin sun babban m karfi wajen yaki da Turkiyya da kuma Yaren mutanen Poland invaders. Domin su sabis da suka samu kudi, gunpowder, gubar, zane da kuma gurasa.

Mulkin kai da kai gwamnati

Don Cossacks hankali kasu kashi biyu kungiyoyin: Thrifty da kuma golutvennye. Tsohon sun kasance mafi yawa haihuwa-Ms. da kuma sanya shi a cikin ƙananan ƙasashe, da karshen da aka rasa muhallinsu da kuma zaunar da su a cikin babba kai na kogin. Kafin farkon na XVIII karni. Land na Don sojojin sun m, kuma sun kasance karkashin iko da sojojin da'irar da zabe zartarwa jikinsu. Kafin zuwa zaben ya faru Ataman, da ciwon Unlimited iko. The sojojin ya kasu kashi ɗari da hamsin, da shugaban da suke centurions, Pentecostals da Khorunzhiy. Bayan Bulavin tawaye da Don Cossack sojojin subordinated zuwa Soja Collegium.

Tun 1763 da Cossack sabis zama m to da rayuwa a cikin yanayi. The yaki na 1773-1775 ya manoma kawo karshen Cossack cin gashin. Don kama Sarkin ta sojojin. Sai dai wannan ba karshen su "svoevolnichestva", wanda dade na dogon lokaci bayan wancan.

Don ta rashin 'yancin kai

1769-1775 shekaru - da samuwar Cossack tawagar Petersburg Tuli, kuma pyatisotennogo Ataman na Don Cossacks rajimanti.

1797 - kafuwar Don Cossack manyan bindigogi. A shekara daga baya ya faru zabin da Cossacks matsayin mai zaman kanta rajimanti, kuma da darajõji kamar misãlin wani sojojin. A daidai wannan lokaci shi gudanar equating albashi Cossacks ga biyan daidai da darajõji.

A cikin shekaru 1798-1800 Foreman Cossack samu wannan hakkin a matsayin Rasha nobility, kuma serfs samu. Gudanar da wadannan sababbin abubuwa:

• Gabatarwar da wani 30-shekara lokacin na soja.
• definition na sojojin kit.
• gudanarwa ta matsayi kwansu da kwarkwatansu starshina rajimanti a matsayin mataimaki umurninSa, ta substituent.
• da rabo daga tufafi ga soja da kuma na yau da kullum gida.

Garambawul na 1835

Innovation 1835 bayar ga kowane Cossack rabo a cikin adadin 30 da gona wajen kadada. Amma riga a 1916 wannan adadin da aka rage zuwa 11, da kuma wani m ƙasar ne kawai 9.8 da gona wajen kadada na ƙasar. A farkon karni na ashirin, fiye da rabi daga cikin Cossack iyalai da aka tilasta hayan fitar da wadannan makirce-makirce, domin biya bashin na soja da kayan aiki. Kawai a karo na biyar na gidaje da a lokacin m.

Bayan da garambawul na 1835 a kan soja da farar hula, duk da Cossacks aka raba. A yankin na Don Cossacks ya sa ran da wadannan canje-canje:

• sake.
• sashe na soja yanki.
• m conscription na namiji yawan daga 18 zuwa 43 shekaru da haihuwa.
• ban ƙauyuka a kan ƙasa na sojojin baki.
• Cossack canji a cikin rufaffiyar aji da rayuwa na nan;
• amincewa da sabon ƙungiya kit.

Yabo na Don Army Region

A 1874, ya dauki maganar da sabon Jihar ciki iko. Yana kunshi wata ƙungiya daga sandarsa, da management na mutum soja sassa da kuma manyan bindigogi. 1875 - gabatarwar da hukuma sunan Don Cossacks. A wannan shekarar akwai wani akan rage tsawon soja zuwa 20 shekaru.

A lokacin zamanin mulkin na Alexander III filin Don Army (Donetsk yankin) da aka a haɗe zuwa Gradonachalstva Taganrog da Rostov County. Na su sanya sabon jama'a gundumar. A wannan shekara akwai na kauda tashe posts mashãwarta sassan.

A Fabrairu juyin juya halin na 1917 shekaru lalle gudummawar da samuwar Don sojojin gwamnati. Kansa ya zama Ataman AM Kaledin. Yana tsayayya da fitowan na Soviets. A shekarar 1918 shi ya faru da samuwar da Don Soviet ta Tsakiya, inda shi ne kullum walƙiya anti-Soviet tawaye. A 1920, da Don Cossack watsa shiri daina wanzuwa da aka mayar kawai a 90-ies na XX karni.