A wadda kasa shi ne mafi girma Kamfanonin na TNC?

Ciniki samo asali a zamanin da. Tare da ci gaban 'yan Adam da aka kusan komai ya canza, fãce, ba shakka, na dukiya da kuma ayyuka kasuwar. Idan a farkon samar aka dogara ne a kan wani ƙasa, yanzu sayen ƙasar a wasu kasashen domin ginin nasu masana'antu - quite talakawa sabon abu. Wannan shiga (da sosai aiki), ba kawai kasashen Turai, amma kuma da Rasha Federation. A gaskiya, game da kasar da most Kamfanonin na TNC, za a tattauna.

Mene ne kamfanin dake da wata kamfani?

TNK farko shi ne kamfanin da samarwa ofisoshin a kasashe da dama. Da muhimmancin irin hukumomi a duniya tsari, ba shakka, babban. Kamfanonin na TNC, zai iya bauta wa ba kawai a matsayin samarwa kamfanin, amma kuma kamar yadda sadarwa, da inshora da kuma auditing. Bugu da kari, a nan sun hada da manyan bankuna da kuma fansho.

A kasafin kudin, wanda da wasu daga cikin mafi girma a Kamfanonin na TNC, shi ne don haka mai girma cewa ya wuce kudi yanayin da wasu ƙasashe. Alal misali, net shekara-shekara riba na General Electric Corporation ne dan kadan fiye da $ 13 biliyan, wanda shi ne kusan 34 sau fiye da shekara-shekara kasafin kudin na Andorra da yawan jama'a na 85,4 dubu mutane, ko da dan kadan kasa da GDP na Iceland for 2015. Har ila yau, hukumomi taka muhimmiyar rawa a fannin kimiyya, da rabo daga Kamfanonin na TNC, asusu na kimanin 80% na kudi wadata bincike da ci gaban ayyuka da kuma game da wannan adadin rajista patents.

Manyan kamfanonin: me ya sa internationalism?

Fitowan kan iyakoki hukumomi da fari, da aka gina a kan yiwuwar samun riba. Wannan ya bayyana halittar duniya samar. Saboda gaban masana'antu shuke-shuke a cikin ƙasa na wata kasa, za ka iya ajiye mai yawa:

• a kan darajar albarkatun (idan kasar da cewa rike da manyan kamfani da aka ba kulla isasshe wasu irin albarkatun kasa, da yi na biyu zai iya warware wannan matsala a cikin wani ta ƙasa).
• a cikin haraji area (saboda bambance-bambance a tattalin arziki da sharuddan wani lokacin mai rahusa samar da gubar, kamar "ba a gida");
• a kan ma'aikata 'Hakkin (idan, misali, Jamus da kuma Amirkawa yaba da aikin ne quite high, wannan mazauni ne na Mexico yarda da aiki domin mun gwada da kananan fee).

Filaye ga kasa da kasa da hukumomi yawaita. Shi ne a kan wadannan ka'idojin rike da most Kamfanonin na TNC.

Nau'in kan iyakoki hukumomi

Akwai iri uku Kamfanonin na TNC: International, manyan da kuma duniya kamfanin.

Nau'i na farko shi ne wani kamfani cewa halitta da rassan a sauran kasashe, amma wadannan tsarin abubuwa rabu. Wancan ne, suna da nasu samar da bincike da ci gaban. Duk da haka, da cikakkar fifiko ne iyaye kamfanin yana amfani da.

Nau'i na biyu da hidima a matsayin wata mahada tsakanin kasa da kamfanoni a duniya. A gaskiya, wannan ra'ayi sun fi mayar da bayyana abin da Kamfanonin na TNC. Kowane kamfani a cikin MNC, shi ne m, a dauke da fitar da wani aiki.

The uku irin aka wakilta a matsayin mai halayyar da most Kamfanonin na TNC. A bin wannan embodiment, wani kamfani ko samar da wani jadadda mallaka zane ga samar, tare da sauran kasashe, ko samar da abubuwa na samfurin, da kuma taro da aka riga tsunduma a sauran shuke-shuke. Tun bayan 80 ta, wannan jinsin aka habaka. The most Kamfanonin na TNC, har yanzu bi ba domin.

TNK iko inji

Babban kamfanoni management ne biyu da sabani trends embodiment: a karkashin shugabancin tsakiya da kuma decentralization.

A farko zaɓi ne da bege na Kamfanonin na TNC, to halittar guda cibiyar. Ya kamata ya zama a cikin wata kasa cewa nasa Corporation. Wasu sashen gudanar da ayyuka ne kawai tare da izni na iyaye kamfanin.

Zabi na biyu da ba ka damar yin yanke shawara. Gudanarwa cibiyoyin kafa a kowane reshe. Rassa, kamar yadda mai mulkin, isasshe mai zaman kanta da sauran rassan da kamfani.

Sources tasiri ayyuka na duniyar dake hada-hukumomi

Comparative halaye daga cikin mafi girma Kamfanonin na TNC, da m amfanin wanda shi ne indisputable, ya ce da wadannan: da amfani da albarkatun kasa daga wasu kasashe, kazalika da zarafinshi na kudi damar, ba ka damar fadada, ya kama da ko riƙe kasuwar. Bugu da kari, da tasiri aiki saboda da kusanci na waje masu amfani. Wayar da kan jama'a na gudanar da bincike da gwaje-gwaje, da kuma su sakamakon suna mai kyau ga ci gaban da duniyar dake hada hukumomi.

Bugu da kari ga waɗannan ka'idodi na kamanta halaye daga cikin mafi girma Kamfanonin na TNC, shi ya sa ya bayyana a fili cewa ayyuka a kasashe da dama a lokaci guda, wajen taimaka wa inganta shiga gasa da kuma inganta dangantaka tare da sauran} asashen.

Statistics a waje dukiya

Babban wuraren aiki na halin yanzu kamfanoni - yana da lantarki, mota, ma'adinai da kuma aiki na man fetur. The most Kamfanonin na TNC, sau da yawa zuba jari a ba-core dukiya da wani ra'ayi da kwanciyar hankali na duniya kasuwar. A farko wuri cikin sharuddan waje dukiya janye wadannan hukumomi:

• "General Electric". A kasar - Amurka, da irin aiki - lantarki. Da rabo daga kasashen waje dukiya ne 30%.
• "Royal Dutch Shell". Kasar - Netherlands - United Kingdom, sana'a - da masana'antun man fetur. A rabo daga kasashen waje dukiya - 66%.
• "Ford." A kasar - Amurka, da irin aiki - Automotive. A rabo daga kasashen waje dukiya - 30%.

Bugu da kari ga jera kamfanonin har yanzu akwai yalwa da TNK, ta amfani da hanyar na ci gaba domin cimma dorewa.

jerin hukumomi

An muhimmanci nuna alama na kamfanin ta samu nasara a kasuwar kasa da kasa ne da darajar tallace-tallace gane a cikin ƙasa na wasu ƙasashe. The most Kamfanonin na TNC, na jerin abin da aka kafa daga kasa da aka bincikar da wannan manufa. Har ila yau, a Bugu da kari ga irin aiki, kuma kasar na mai shi, da abubuwa kunshe a cikin kudaden shiga da kuma hukumomi:

1. Walmart (kiri kansu, US) - 482,130.
2. Jihar Layukan Corporation na kasar Sin (wutar lantarki, kasar Sin) - 329,601.
3. China National Petroleum (man fetur da kuma iskar gas kansu, kasar Sin) - 299,271.
4. Sinopec Groupe (petrochemical masana'antu, kasar Sin) - 294,344.
5. Royal Dutch Shell (man fetur da kuma iskar gas kansu, da Netherlands - United Kingdom) - 272,156.

Wadannan ba duk Kamfanonin na TNC. Amma kamar yadda na 2016, wa] annan kamfanonin sa up saman biyar.

TNK a Rasha

Tun da ƙarshen XIX karni Rasha yi ƙoƙarin shiga a cikin ayyukan Magance hukumomi a duniya. Amma da akai deceleration saboda juyin da kuma siyasa canje-canje ba su yarda da su gudanar da wannan tsari sosai. Yana da wannan dalili da cewa zuwa yanzu a kasar mamaye ayyuka da kuma samfurori da kamfanonin ketare. Kawai in mun gwada kwanan nan, Rasha da aka tsunduma a cikin halittar nasu kudi-masana'antu kungiyoyin ( 'ya'yan ɓaure), waxanda suke da matukar kama da TNC.

Comparative halaye daga cikin mafi girma Kamfanonin na TNC duniya kawai a karshen da XX karni bayansa da Rasha wakilin, wato 1996 rating wallafa Financial Times, ya gabatar da kamfanin "Gazprom".

A lokacin, ci gaban Rasha hukumomi ne a hankali, fiye da sauran ƙasashe. Domin a more nasara gabatarwa a duniya kasuwar Rasha kamata gama kokarin inganta nasu kudi da kuma masana'antu kungiyoyin, tare da sada zumunci da kasashe.