A talakawan zurfi na Arctic Ocean kasa topography da kuma sauyin yanayi

The karami wakilin Duniya ta teku - Arctic. Ya kwace ƙasar da Arewa iyakacin duniya da kuma aka kẽwayesu da daban-daban jam'iyyun nahiyoyi. A talakawan zurfi na Arctic Ocean ne 1.225 mita. Shi ne mafi m teku na duk.

matsayi

Ba za a hayin Arctic Circle matattarã na ruwan sanyi da kuma kankara wanke gaba na nahiyoyi, hemispheres da Grecia daga arewa. A talakawan zurfi na Arctic Ocean ne fairly kananan, amma da ruwa a cikin shi da coldest. Surface yankin - 14,75 murabba'in kilomita miliyan girma - 18.070.000 cubic kilomita. A talakawan zurfi na Arctic Ocean a mita - a 1225, yayin da mafi zurfi ma'ana da aka located a 5527 mita kasa da surface. Wannan batu nasa ne da tasa na Greenland Sea.

kasa kwane-kwane

Game da cewa, abin da yake talakawan da matsakaicin zurfin da Arctic Ocean, masana kimiyya sun koya lokaci mai tsawo, amma shi ke game da tushe da taimako zuwa ga yaki na 1939-1945 kusan kome da aka ba su sani ba. Na tsawon shekaru goma, da yawa na da bambancin bayanai da aka tattara ta hanyar expeditions a kan icebreakers da submarines. A tsarin da kasa na tsakiyar m ne ya zama ruwan dare, wanda aka located a kusa da m teku.

Kusan rabin yankin shagaltar da ta teku shiryayye. A Rasha ƙasa, ya miƙe zuwa 1300 km sama da ƙasa. Kusa da Turai gaba da shiryayye ne da yawa da zurfi, kuma shi ne sosai m. Akwai shawarwari da cewa shi ya faru a ƙarƙashin rinjayar Pleistocene glaciers. A cibiyar ne mai m m mafi girma zurfin, wanda aka raba kunya University, ya gano da kuma karatu partially bayan da yaki. Eurasian tsakanin shiryayye, kuma ya ce kunya ta lullube tasa wanda zurfin ne tsakanin 4 da kuma 6 km. A wani gefen na kunya lullube biyu m, wanda 3400m zurfin.

Daga Pacific Arctic alaka Bering mashigar, ɗaure da Atlantic gudanar ta hanyar da Norwegian Sea. A tsarin da kasa na wajibi ga m ci gaban teku da kuma karkashin ruwa nahiyar yankin. Wannan bayyana sosai low talakawan zurfi na Arctic Ocean - fiye da 40% na yankin ne ba zurfi fiye da 200 m sauran ne teku ..

yanayi

Ocean sauyin yanayi ne m da matsayinsu. matsananci yanayi ne ya dada tabarbare wata babbar adadin kankara - farin ciki Layer ba ya narke taba a cikin tsakiyar ɓangare na kwari.

Shekara-zagaye a cikin Arctic cyclones ci gaba. Anticiklon aiki yawanci a cikin hunturu, yayin da a cikin bazara shi ne koma cikin maha? Ar da tekun Pacific. Cyclones fashe-fashe a kan ƙasa na bazara. Saboda wannan canji, da iyakacin duniya kankara a fili bayyana bambancin yanayi matsa lamba. Winter yana daga Nuwamba zuwa Afrilu, rani - daga Yuni zuwa watan Agusta. Bayan ya samo asali bisa teku cyclones nan sau da yawa tafiya cyclones da suka zo daga waje.

Iska gwamnatin a Arewa iyakacin duniya ba uniform, amma gudun ne a sama 15 m / S kusan ba ya faruwa. Iskõki kan Arctic Ocean advantageously da gudun 3-7 m / s.
The talakawan zafin jiki a cikin hunturu - +4 zuwa -40 bazara - daga 0 zuwa +10 digiri Celsius.

Low girgije yana da wani periodicity a cikin shakka daga cikin shekara. A lokacin rani, da alama na low girgije ya kai 90-95% a cikin hunturu - 40-50%. Clear sama mafi hali na sanyi kakar. Summer fogs ne m, wani lokacin ba su tashi zuwa mako.

Ruwan sama, hali na wannan yankin - snow. Ruwan sama kusan ba ya faru, kuma idan sun kasance, da more akai-akai tare da dusar ƙanƙara. Da dama a shekara 80-250 mm, a yankin na Turai arewa na Arctic Basin - kadan more. A snow ne low, shi ne ba a ko'ina rarraba. A warmer watanni, da snow narke rayayye, wani lokacin ya tafi gaba daya.

A sauyin yanayi na yankin tsakiya na kasar ne softer fiye da a cikin unguwannin bayan gari (kusa da gaba da Asian bangare na Eurasia da kuma Arewacin Amirka). Ruwayen shiga cikin dumi igiyoyin na Atlantic, wanda ya samar da yanayi na gaba dayan ruwa yankin na teku.

Biota

A talakawan zurfi na Arctic Ocean ishe fitowan da babban yawan daban-daban kwayoyin a shafi. A Atlantic yankin sau da yawa za gano bambance bambancen yawan kifi kamar cod, teku bass, herring, haddock, saithe. A cikin teku, da sanaki Whales, yafi Greenlandic da sofane.

A da yawa daga cikin Arctic babu itatuwa, ko da yake a arewacin Rasha da kuma Scandinavian Larabawa girma spruce, Pine da kuma ko da Birch. Ciyayi tundra wakilta hatsi, lichens, da dama jinsunan Birch, sedge, Dwarf Willows. Summer ne takaice, amma hunturu da ake malale, lokacin da hasken rana radiation, stimulates na ayyuka na ci gaba da kuma ci gaban da Flora. Ƙasa za a iya warmed a cikin babba yadudduka zuwa 20 digiri, da kuma kara da low zazzabi iska yadudduka.

A peculiarity na fauna na Arctic - da gazawa daga jinsin tare da wani yawa na wakilan kowanne daga cikinsu. A Arctic - gida domin iyakacin duniya beyar, Arctic Foxes, fari-owls, da tsuntsaye, zakara, partridges da tundra lemmings. A tekuna splashing dabbar walrus shanu, narwhals, like da beluga Whales.

Ba wai kawai da talakawan da matsakaicin zurfin da Arctic Ocean kayyade yawan dabbobi da kuma shuke-shuke zuwa tsakiyar daga cikin teku rage-rage yawa da kuma yawan jinsunan cewa zauna a yankin.