A Mi-38: Bayani dalla-dalla da kuma hotuna

A 2015, da Kazan helikofta shuka shirya farawa daga serial samar da Mi-38 saukar ungulu. Photos of sabon na'ura da kuma ta mockup gabatar a shekarar 1989 a lokacin da kasa da kasa Aerospace nuni a Le Bourget. Design aikin ya fara shekaru biyu da suka wuce, amma kawai a farkon nineties, kamfanin fara tattaro farko samfur. A wannan wahala, duk da haka, bai ƙare a can. Sai da na ɗauki fiye da shekaru goma zuwa loomed da hange na wani takamaiman m embodiment na na'ura a gaban. Gaskiyar cewa Mi-38 da aka tsara a matsayin canji na girmama da kuma ƙaunataccen aviators a kasashe da dama (da musamman Rasha), wani tsohon soja na Mi-8. The aiki alhakin, amma akwai tsammãnin wani mafari ba kunya.

Sauya da Mi-8 - mai wuya aiki

Mi-8 ne daya daga cikin m Rotary-reshe jirgin sama a tarihin duniya jirgin sama. Da farko samfur, har yanzu guda-engine, ya kashe wani shekara na Gagarin ta jirgin. Mun yi aiki a kan zane na dogon kuma a hankali. A helikofta juya kusan daidai daidai da bukatun da motoci, da jiragen daukar kaya-fasinja aji. Ana iya amfani da mutane da yawa daban-daban dalilai, duka biyu farar hula da kuma soja. Gina dubu goma sha biyu raka'a Mi-8 da dama dubun gyare-gyare. A aikace-aikace iyaka ne m, daga m up iska hari dalilai. Aiki ne fiye da hamsin kasashen a daban-daban climatic bangarori na duniya - daga Arctic ga ekweita da kuma a kan zuwa Antarctica. Daga cikin kasashen da suka sayi wannan helikofta - USA, Canada, Koriya ta Kudu, Finland.

Mi-8 ake samar da sayansu a yau. The mota ne sosai m, unpretentious da sauki don kula da. Sarrafa shi da sauki, kuma m. Fi wannan fitacciyar - wani m aiki. A Mi-38 ya zama mafi kyau ma, tare da mai yawa. Fuel yadda ya dace ba haka ba ne mai muhimmanci a cikin farkon sittin, shi ne a yanzu ta zama daya daga cikin manyan sigogi da jirgin sama. Yana idan aka kwatanta da Mi-8 ana sa ran girma da rabin, da kuma sau uku mafi alhẽri.

External kwatanta Mi-8 da kuma Mi-38

A duban farko, akwai da yawa kamance a general ka'idodin waɗanda gina Mi-8 da kuma Mi-38. Photo inji nuna wani ci gaba, bayyana a cikin tsari na babban aka gyara da kuma majalisai. A fuselage aka sanya na Semi-monocoque makirci, tare da wani lebur kasa da kuma taso da nata irin rufi. Shasi gyarawa kaya, tripodal, biyar-ruwa na'ura mai juyi. Matuka jirgin a kasa na opaque, sabanin lantern Mi-8. Siffar baka aka nuna a saman da shi akwai saba protruding mashiga cowl turbines. Hudu-bladed wutsiya na'ura mai juyi. Volumetric man fetur tankuna located a Mi-8 a tarnaƙi na kasa na fuselage, suna boye a ciki da Mi-38. Bayani dalla-dalla, duk da haka, wadannan biyu m motoci ne quite daban-daban.

fasaha Manuniya

Na farko, da m kewayon ya girma. A cike da man fetur ajiye daidai 3796 lita, Mi-38 iya tashi 800km (y Ni-8, dangane da gyara, rabon jeri daga 425 zuwa 590 km). Zama bulkier kaya daki, ta girma ne 8630 mm (tsawon), 2400 mm (fadin) da kuma 1.850 mm (tsawo). Dauke da damar da ya kai 6 ton. Kuma ya karu gudun a Mi-8, shi ya kan talakawan 225 km / h, 65 km / h ƙananan fiye da na Ni-38. Fasaha bayani dalla-dalla na sabon na'ura da kuma gwada favorably cikin sharuddan rufi, a shekarar 2012 da ta fãɗi a duniya rikodin, amounting zuwa 8600 m, amma da wadannan shekara ya bayyana cewa tsohon soja mai saukar ungulu Mi-8MSB, idan sanye take da wani sabon nau'in engine TV3-117VMA- SBM1V, shi ne kuma wani abu da m. Ya tashi zuwa wani sabon rikodin high a 9150 mita. Hau, duk da haka, ya kasance "tsinke zuwa": 6 minti to score dubu uku mita iya kawai Mi-38. Features na wannan na'ura, don haka shi ya yi alkawarin mai tsawo da kuma nasara aiki a Tunisair da kuma Air Force, da kuma kasashen waje.

Fasaha na kayan

Tafi ne da kwanaki a lokacin da jirgin sama a duniya yi kawai daga duralumin. A Mi-38 da aka yi tare da m amfani da roba da kuma kumshin kayan. The ruwan wukake na biyu propellers da multilayer tsarin sanya ta Tuddan, tabbatar da high elasticity kuma an kusan Unlimited lokaci na amfani (a kalla a lokacin aiki na da na'ura). A polymeric abu ne ma amfani a yi na hannayen riga da wutsiya na'ura mai juyi (saita haka ya kira elastomeric bearings), inda lubrication wadannan nodes ba a bukata. A yi na ba-ikon fuselage abubuwa (bonit, da Matuka jirgin kayan aiki bangarori, na waje surface na gangara da fairing katako) amfani da uku-Layer sanwic panel. Hada sheathing kunshi wani m da ciki karfe-polymer cell yadudduka.

ikon shuka

Fi dacewa, da ikon da ake bukata domin ingantaccen aiki na inji shi ne 5000 lita. wani. Yana tasowa biyu injuna. Akwai biyu zažužžukan cikakken Mi-38 powerplant. 2 turboshaft engine "Pratt & Whitney Kenada" ci gaba da zama dole kokarin, samar da ake bukata tattalin arziki Manuniya. Yana kulawa da aiki mai kara amfani da tsarin, tare da sau uku redundancy. Irin wannan makirci shibtarsu da high fitarwa yuwuwar na sabon na'ura. A shekarar 1990, da aka zaci cewa shi za a musamman halitta hadin gwiwa "Euromil", wanda hannun jeri zan dasa su. Mile, Kazan helikofta Shuka, kamfanin "Eurocopter" da kuma NPO. Klimov. Hope, duk da haka, ba materialize, da Turai damuwa a shekaru 13 ya bar kwamitin da hadin gwiwa, yayin da ci gaba da yin aiki tare da su a kan moriyar juna sharuddan. Mafi m, da samar da model za a sanye take da injuna Klimovskaya TV7-117V wanda ba muni kasashen waje da takwarorinsu, amma da dan kadan ƙananan iya aiki (2 x 2350 = 4700 HP) amma zai iya quite nasarar dauke Mi-38. Helikofta, da halaye na wanda sha daga gare shi dan kadan, zai kasance m daga shigo da.

na'urorin

Modern avionics IBKO-38 da aka tsara da kuma kerarre da "Transas sufurin jiragen sama", shi za'ayi da fasahar "m Matuka jirgin". Wannan yana nufin cewa godiya ga ma'aikatan na'urorin iya zama duka-zagaye ganuwa, to gani kimantawa da halin da ake ciki a kusa da jirgin sama da kuma a karkashin shi. Matukan jirgi aiki sarari sanye take da biyar LCD nuni, kwamfuta tsarin aiwatar da wani dijital iko yanayin, da mota da kuma duk a kan-jirgin kayan aiki. Autopilot ma aiki a kan tushen da BEVM. Navigation sanye take da wani Doppler injin gwada sauri. A cikin baka ne radar, ban da na sarari matsayi na na'ura bincika da kuma yanayin yanayi. Akwai kuma wani raba kamara, wanda damar don sarrafa matsayi na aza a kan waje majajjawa. Mass kuma Kafa halaye an kimanta ta atomatik.

tsaro al'amurran da suka shafi

Don ci a cikin kasa da kasa takardar shaida daga wani jirgin sama manufacturer yana tabbatar da aiwatar da wani yawan yanayi ICAO duniya kungiyar. Total ya zuwa yanzu hudu prototypes samar. Last Mi-38 (OP-4) ya bambanta daga baya daya daga gaban da man fetur tsarin jure nauyi naushe da ƙasa. Kamar wancan cimma wani babban matakin wuta aminci. Shasi, blanking daga wani karo da ƙasa a high gudu rage, kuma mũdu da kara ƙungiya survivability da fasinjoji a taron na gaggawa halin da ake ciki, amma suna da fasali mai bayar riga a ci gaba da baya lokutta (OP-2 da kuma OP-3), da Mi-38 saukar ungulu.

2014 ya da kwanan wata na kammala duk gwajin da ayyukan da kammala na farko zane aiki. Bayan da ƙaddamar da jerin samar da zane kyautata, babu shakka, za su ci gaba da, ciki har da a cikin al'amurran da inganta aiki aminci.

Mu'amala da zabin

Tuni a cikin ci gaban da tushe model masana ofishin mai suna. Mile gane cewa, muddin suka halitta mai Multi-manufa na'ura, shi dole ne a saba saduwa da widest yiwu kewayon aikace-aikace. Don yin wannan, za ka bukatar ka yi la'akari da yiwuwar gwada da sauki shiri na musamman gyare-gyare dangane da ainihin makirci. Da farko kana bukatar wani fasinja abin hawa (a cikin wannan embodiment, shi zai iya saukar da 32 mutane). Game da bukatun da sojoji da kuma kar ka manta, ma'aikatar tsaro - abokin ciniki m ne kuma abin dogara. A kasa tattalin arzikin zai ma bukatar canji na Mi-8, saboda haka, kaya gyara ne ma ake bukata. Moe m helikofta motar asibiti. Kuma a sa'an nan - lokaci zai gaya.

A dukkan lokuta, da mota kawai bukatar wani abin dogara da kuma dace wajen loading da magudi. Duk wadannan siffofin na Mi-38 saukar ungulu. Hotuna kaya gida ya burge reasonableness na wuri na duk raka'a tsara don warware wannan matsala. Cargo gangara yana da nisa daga 1800 mm, shi ne bayar da dagawa inji tare da m na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa iko. A bude gefen loading kofa saka duniya winch high (300 kg) load iya aiki, da kuma matsawa cikin gida yuwuwa ta ciruwa nadi waƙoƙi.

Zuwan nan da sannu!

Sa ran farkon na yau da kullum aiki na Mi-38 saukar ungulu, a fili, da kadan lokaci. A farko samarwa model an riga an aza a kan hannun jari na Kazan helikofta shuka, wasu za su bi shi. A 'yan shekaru, da kuma rarrabe silhouette na inji zai zama saba wa duk. So da Mi-38 ta kamar yadda 8 ta? Shin, ba su zama kamar sanannun a duk faɗin duniya? Lokaci zai gaya.