A kashin baya na mutum: tsarin. Mahaifa kashin baya shafi division

mutum kashin baya, a cikin wasu kalmomi, da vertebral shafi, shi ne babban bangaren na goyon bayan kwarangwal. Yana da aka gina na mutum vertebrae wanda aka kulla tare ta wajen wani intervertebral hadin gwiwa, da kuma fãra daga tushe daga cikin kwanyar, wanda aka haɗe da farko vertebra, da ake kira atalas. Wannan Anchorage ne m ta hanyar da atlanto-axial da atlanto-occipital gidajen abinci. Nonrigid irin fili yana mai girma mataki na free motsi. A cikin ƙananan sassa na kashin baya shafi na wani mutum kusan tsit, nan da bangarorin da alaka da hip kashi na ƙashin ƙugu amfani da sacroiliac gidajen abinci.

A kashin baya: tiyata

The mutum kashin baya ne a tsarin yana da 5 ƙungiyoyin segments. Yadda yawa vertebrae a cikin kashin baya mutum? M martani ba ya wanzu. A cikakken kiwon lafiya yana daga 32 zuwa 34 vertebrae, saboda yawan su a cikin mutum kashin baya shafi ne kai tsaye dogara a kan tsarin da karshe (coccygeal) kashi, wanda ya hada da biyu zuwa hudu rudimentary, wanda an ba mu da kakanninmu daga dabba duniya.

bends

A wata al'ada, da lafiya a jihar ba gaba daya lebur, amma yana da wani physiological masu lankwasa na kashin baya. Tiyata da wannan halitta da yanayi da adana da ma'auni na tsaye da kuma tolerability kaifi motor ayyuka. Don fahimci yadda bends zama a cikin kashin baya shafi na jikin mutum, shi wajibi ne a yi la'akari da makirci da kuma gane muhimmancin da ilimin Halittar Jiki siffar tsarin gudanar da aiki.

A total akwai hudu a cikin kashin baya lankwasawa a cikin al'ada jihar: 2 - ventral (ie, lankwasawa gaba), 2 - dorsal (tare da lankwasawa da baya). Bugu da mutum kashin baya masu lankwasa suna da dangantaka da hali, m pathological yanayin a cikin abin da daidai yanayi na shafi ne jurewa da wasu tasiri daga wannan lankwasawa sha canji da kuma canji a cikin hanyar da suka haifar da hali. Bugu da kari, da samuwar m canje-canje kara bunkasa al'ada masu lankwasa da zama a wani m yanayin. Sa'an nan inganta lankwasawa zurfin musamman katin, a sakamakon wannan tsari samar daidai canje-canje a cikin wasu rabo daga cikin kashin baya shafi.

Sashen matsayin wani ɓangare na kashin baya shafi

A kashin baya ne zuwa kashi biyar sassan: mahaifa, thoracic, lumbar, sacral (sacrum), coccyx.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa mutum kwarangwal shafi masu lankwasa suna da dangantaka da kashin baya. Lumbar da mahaifa kashin baya an lankwasa a gaba shugabanci (ko lordozis), thoracic da sacral bi da bi a raya (ko kiphosis).

A mahaifa kashin baya bakwai raba vertebrae, kuma shi yana da wani muhimmi damar zuwa mafi girma motsi. The lafiya jikin mutum ne iya samar da dama QFontDatabase da Rotary ƙungiyoyi na kai, da rotational motsi na wuyansa part tare da isasshe manyan karkacewa. Wannan m sassauci halitta da tsarin da mahaifa kashi, mafi daidai, da asali biyu na farkon vertebrae:

• cikin atalas, wanda aka bayar da biyu arches, shi rasa jiki;

• epistrophe yana a cikin tsarin odontoid kashi, kusa da karshe samar da rotational motsi na atalas.

thorax

A tsarin da thoracic kashin baya ne musamman sauki. Kashin baya a cikin thoracic vertebrae hada da goma sha biyu haskakawa zuwa gefuna. A gaban farfajiya na haƙarƙari jiki da connection ta hanyar da sternum, kuma haka ya samar da ake kira kirji - samuwar ga m rigakafin muhimmanci ciki gabobin - zuciya da kuma huhu. Ya kamata a lura da cewa tsarin da thoracic rabo daga wani mutum post kama da cewa dabbobi masu shayarwa vertabrate. All goma sha biyu vertebrae thoracic segments ne irin wannan a ilimin Halittar Jiki tsarin. Kawai fadowa zuwa lumbar yankin, vertebral jiki yana faɗaɗa a size da kuma sanya mafi m.

Lumbar kashi da sacrum

A kashin baya shafi (tsarin) na lumbar halitta da yanayi domin yin wani iri-iri motor ayyukan - jikin jũya, duk shekara tilts a daban-daban kwatance. A kashin baya a cikin lumbar yankin da aka jurewa mafi muhimmanci load. Saboda haka, nan da nan vertebrae yawa ya fi girma fiye da na baya segments jiki sigogi kara daga sama zuwa kasa (daga na farko zuwa na biyar).

A lokacin haihuwar mutum kashin baya a cikin sacral sashen yana da biyar raba vertebrae. Amma sannu a hankali tsufa da ci gaban da kashin baya sakamakon coalescing da kuma kafa vertebrae general tsarin sassa - da sacrum.

coccygeal sashen

A kashin baya shafi a coccygeal sashen kunshi mutane uku zuwa biyar raba vertebrae. Abin da coccygeal vertebrae a wani sashi za a iya ƙaddara kawai tare da wani musamman kayan aiki jarrabawa (X-ray ko tomographic).

A tsarin da vertebral shafi

Connection na biyu vertebrae, a tsaye a cikin unguwa, yana da za'ayi ta hanyar intervertebral fayafai, wanda da daban-daban ƙuduri. Suna bayar da roba iyakacin duniya da kuma elasticity. The most Disk baiwa lumbar da mahaifa yankunan da kashin baya na jikin mutum. Duk da haka, saboda kyau motsi, da kuma faifai damar wadannan segments mafi fallasa rauni. Akwai kuma sau da yawa kafa herniated fayafai kuma daban-daban a kullum cututtuka na musculoskeletal tsarin. A mafi ci karo da irin cuta ne osteochondrosis - degenerative-dystrophic pathological aiwatar da intervertebral fayafai.

The mutum kashin baya da aka gina na ilimin Halittar Jiki Tsarin hotel - vertebrae, intervertebral fayafai kuma articular gidajen abinci (gidajen abinci).

Ayyuka na mutum vertebral shafi

A kashin baya ne babban musculoskeletal tsarin mutum. Yana kuma sa ya yiwu a ci gaba da ma'auni na jiki, shi ne na axis na mota da kuma yin wani aiki tsaro. Tsokoki na kashin baya a tare da tare da tsakiya m tsarin, haifar da yanayi na biya daga cikin wadannan:

• tilts a daban-daban kwatance.

• extensor da flexor hvizheny.

• cikin rotational motsi a kusa da axis.

• kafa biyu locomotion.

Mahaifa da rabo (na uku zuwa na bakwai vertebrae), thoracic da lumbar intervertebral bai wa wannan tsarin da gidajen abinci wanin modified farko da na biyu na mahaifa vertebrae, kuma sacral kashi rabo a wani jikin mutum a cikin balagaggu jihar (shi kunshi biyar Fused vertebrae da kuma gaba daya m).

Intervertebral gidajen abinci suna located a kan kashin baya tafiyar matakai da kuma haifar da yanayi na mobile shafi iya aiki. Matsar da wasu vertebra kusan ba zai yiwu, kamar yadda a lokacin da daya vertebra tashin hankali matsawa kai tsaye zuwa nan kusa. Bai wa mafi girma motsi na mahaifa da lumbar yankunan, da sauran vertebrae iya matsar da kawai dan kadan.

A mafi ci karo da cutar da kuma kashin baya: haltta dangantaka

Tiyata da mahaifa kashi na kashin baya da ke sa shi mai rauni nufi ga zargin degenerative Disc cuta. Wannan Pathology ne dystrophic-degenerative matakai a intervertebral fayafai na ba-kumburi yanayi. A wannan cuta aiwatar da hannu a connective nama da kuma guringuntsi. Similar cutar tasowa a cikin lumbar kashin baya, thoracic kashi da aka shafa shi ilimin kididdiga rare.

Lumbar da mahaifa yankunan saukin kamuwa zuwa herniation na intervertebral woje - SHmorlja. Wannan tsari ne da aka nuna a cikin nau'i na tsakiya pulposus fitarwa Disc iyaka. Irin wannan Pathology ne ya dada tabarbare shi da matsaloli na Sistem da kuma juyayi tsarin, tun da wadannan protrusions iya damfara da jini a cikin kashin baya (vertebral) da kuma jijiya tushen tsawaita daga laka. A karshen wahala da aka kira sciatica, a sakamakon matsawa na inflamed asalinsu.

Human kashin baya shafi iya hõre da kumburi tsari (ciki har da autoimmune dauki ko rauni ..) A gidajen abinci - amosanin gabbai.

Asibiti, mafi yawan cututtuka na kashin baya faruwa tare da babba zafi, rage motsi da sauran shafi halaye.

Duk wadannan cututtuka bukatar dace magani, da kuma wani lokacin har nan da nan baki.

Hadarin rauni da kuma na vertebral shafi.

Taimakon farko a yin ji rauni

Wajibi ne a samar da da suka ji rauni tare da matsakaicin kwance straightening kashin baya da kuma natsuwa kafin isowa na motar asibiti. An haramta da a tilasta wa wanda aka azabtar ya yi tafiya da kai, saboda akwai yiwuwar na zargin sabon raunin da ya faru da kuma saboda haka rikitarwa. Shari raunana halatta a na kwarai lokuta - at hadari yayin da barin a wurin.

The mutum vertebral shafi - na musamman da tsarin a cikin jiki, wanda aka bai wa wani goyan baya, a m, motor ayyuka. Saboda haka, kula da yanayin jiki, rigakafin pathologies kuma su dace da magani wajibi ne a ajiye kiwon lafiya. Vertebrae da kashin baya shafi tare da asali na tsarin, wasu yankunan da damar da mutum ya yi tafiya da kafa biyu da kuma rama domin aza aiki a kan bangaren sassa na kashin baya, da kuma kula da motor skills cikin rayuwa.