A jima'i haifuwa ya bambanta daga asexual. kiwo Features

Daya daga cikin manyan damar iya yin komai na duk halittu ne a haifuwa. Akwai biyu main zažužžukan da samuwar sabon nau'in. Masana sun gano haifuwa jima'i da kuma asexual.

Hanyoyin da kai-haifuwa

Kowane mai rai kwayoyin iya haifar da nasu irin na mutane. Mutane da yawa shuke-shuke da kuma ƙananan dabbobi amfani da asexual Hanyar kai-haifuwa. Don samun zuriya, kawai iyaye daya mutum, wanda yake iya kafa na biyu kwayoyin.

Amma wannan bai isa ba bayanai don gane da abin da jima'i haifuwa ya bambanta daga asexual. Wadannan siffofin ne fundamentally daban-daban da zũriyarta play. Saboda haka, jima'i haifuwa mai yiwuwa ne kawai tare da sa hannu na biyu iyayentaka jinsunan. A jima'i tsari ne halin a cewa gametes suna kafa. Wannan musamman sel haihuwar da haploid sa na chromosomes.

Babban bambance-bambance

Jima'i Hanyar an dauki mafi m idan aka kwatanta da asexual. Ana amfani da ɗumbin mafiya yawan abubuwa masu rai, don samar da zuriya. Fahimci abin jima'i haifuwa ya bambanta daga asexual, shi ne zai yiwu, idan ka san da wadannan.

A farko nau'i na haifuwa bukatar sa hannu na biyu iyayentaka jinsunan. A kowane daga cikinsu suna samar da musamman jima'i Kwayoyin - gametes. A lokacin haifuwa suka coalesce kuma samar da wata zygote. Yana da wani sabon kwayoyin da aka kafa daga gare ta.

A kan aiwatar da sake yiwuwar tohowarsu, gametes ba da ake bukata. A sabon misali kafa daga somatic Kwayoyin. Yana da wani daidai kwafin iyaye jiki. Wannan haifuwa Hanyar damar zuwa da sauri samu zuriyarsa.

Features na sake yiwuwar tohowarsu,

Kai-haifuwa na sabon kwayoyin daga somatic Kwayoyin yana da abũbuwan amfãni. Sanin su, shi ne mai sauki bayyana bambanci tsakanin jima'i haifuwa ta asexual. Yana ba ka damar haifar da wani babban yawan mutane a cikin wani gajeren lokaci. A wannan yanayin, sakamakon zuriya ba daban-daban daga cikin iyaye da tsuntsaye. Rassa kwayoyin ne daidai kofe.

Irin wannan hanya ne m, a waddan kwayoyin cewa zauna da canzawa yanayi. Halitta bambancin a sake yiwuwar tohowarsu iya kawai haifar daga kwayoyin maye gurbi. A wannan tsari na kai-kwafi cell raba, yawanci da mitosis.

Higher dabbobi ba zai iya haifa kansu asexually. The kawai togiya ne cloning na wani wucin gadi hanya.

Nau'in na sake yiwuwar tohowarsu,

Akwai hanyoyi da dama don ƙirƙirar kwayoyin na nasu irin ba tare da musamman sel haihuwar. Figuring fitar da abin da jima'i haifuwa ya bambanta daga asexual, kada ka manta da cewa na karshe Hanyar haifuwa zuriyarsa ne zuwa kashi da dama iri.

Dabam ware division, sporulation, vegetative yaduwa, ciki har da dake tasowa, da kuma fragmentation. Kowace daga cikin wadannan dabaru wani sabon misali an kafa daga daya ko wani rukuni na jiki Kwayoyin. Ninka ta rarraba sauki: amoeba, kore euglena, Paramecium. Har ila yau, wannan hanya yana amfani da wasu kwayoyin.

Sporulation haifa duk kungiyoyin na kore shuke-shuke, fungi, wasu kwayoyin cuta da kuma protozoa. Spores an kafa a musamman Tsarin - sporogonia.

Figuring fitar da bambance-bambance na jima'i da kuma sake yiwuwar tohowarsu, yana da daraja ambaton cewa wadannan hanyoyi bambanta da yawa. Lalle ne, idan kai-haifuwa ba tare da gametes fara rarraba somatic Kwayoyin. Alal misali, vegetative yaduwa ne zai yiwu ta amfani da cuttings, ke tsaye bakin ramin, Tushen, rhizomes, tubers, kwararan fitila, corms.

Features na jima'i haifuwa

Don samar da zuriya ta wannan hanya na bukatar mutane biyu daga cikin guda jinsunan cewa amfanin musamman sel haihuwar. Bayyanar da zũriyarta yiwu tare da su ci da kuma samuwar zygotes. Wannan abin da yana da daraja ambaton, gaya bambanci tsakanin jima'i haifuwa ta asexual.

Gametes dauke da haploid (guda) sa na chromosomes. Wadannan Kwayoyin suna samar a cikin aiwatar da meiosis. Yana da da su taimako, kwayoyin bayanai da aka wuce daga iyaye biyu da yaro kwayoyin. Gamete Fusion tsari shine ake kira hadi. A sakamakon haploid nuclei hada da samar da wata zygote tare da wani diploid chromosome sa. Wannan shi ne tushen intraspecific bambancin da kwayoyin.

Tãtacce da asexual da kuma jima'i haifuwa, dole ne mu manta da cewa akwai nau'i biyu daga gametes. Sun samar da namiji da mace. Amma a cikin yanayi akwai irin wannan nau'i na kwayoyin da cewa zai iya nuna lokaci guda biyu iri daban-daban na jima'i Kwayoyin. Su kira dauke da lalurar mata. Saboda haka zai iya haifa kananan crustaceans, earthworm, dodon kodi, wasu kifi.

zai yiwu ware

Don fahimta fiye da jima'i haifuwa ya bambanta daga asexual, shi ne zai yiwu, idan mun san cewa da farko aiwatar halin da samuwar musamman gametes, yayin da na biyu rabo fara somatic sel da iyaye kwayoyin.

Yana da muhimmanci cewa for sake yiwuwar tohowarsu, kawai mutum daya, amma wajibi ne ga jinsuna biyu. Duk da haka, ya kamata mu manta game da ban. Wadannan sun hada da hermaphroditism da parthenogenesis. Ko da yake da farko na ce haifuwa siffar sau da yawa da hannu gametes daga mutane daban, kuma akwai matakai a cikin jiki, hana kai-hadi.

Shi ne kuma wani nau'i na jima'i haifuwa ne parthenogenesis. A wannan hanya, da mace jima'i Kwayoyin iya tasowa a cikin wani sabon mutum ba tare da sa hannu na namiji gametes. Procreate haka Can wasu dabbobi da kuma shuke-shuke.

Dangane da yawan chromosomes a mace jam sel aka ware diploid da haploid parthenogenesis. Wannan yaduwa inji ba ka damar daidaita yawan zũriyarsu, da iri. Alal misali, kudan zuma sarauniya iya sa qwai daga abin da ya zo da mace (mahaifa, aiki mutane) ko maza (drones). Sake bugun - jima'i da kuma asexual - a cikin classic version ba su da irin wannan damar.