A ciki da kuma haruffa na "Madame Butterfly" da Puccini. Abin da opera Dzhakomo Puchchini "Madame Butterfly"

Yana yakan faru ne cewa mai kyau da wallafe-wallafen aikin mutu kawai aka haife. Amma wani lokacin shi ya ci gaba da rayuwa domin ƙarni, gano taba sabon hanyoyi na ganin: a film, music, gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Saboda haka shi yana tare da karamin labari na American Yahaya. L. Long. Haruffa "Madame Butterfly" su ne don haka girman kai cewa manya jimre da gwajin lokaci.

Yadda za a fara a labarin

A cikin marigayi XIX da farkon karni XX, duniya tana mulki fashion ga dukan gabas, don haka a kananan labarin, halitta da kuma aka buga a Journal of American marubuci Yahaya. L. Long, relished ba kawai masu karatu amma kuma marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, David Belasco. Da ya rubuta dangane da wannan karamin aiki "Geisha", wanda yake sha'awar a cikin nagartattu Prince of York wasan kwaikwayo a London.

Tsĩrar da wani wasan kwaikwayon dadin nasara tare da masu sauraro, don haka shi aka zaba don duba Italian opera mawaki Dzhakomo Puchchini. "Madame Butterfly" (ko da yake nan har yanzu taka da ake kira "Geisha") ne don haka yarda da baiwa da music, aka neman wani mãkirci ga na gaba aikin, sai nan da nan ya dauki sama da ganin na da ra'ayin.

lingering mafarki

M tarihi, Dzhakomo Puchchini librettists ya juya zuwa ga mafi kyau na lokacin, wanda yana dauke da L. Illica da kuma George. Giacosa. Sun son wannan ra'ayin, ma, duk da haka, a karshen sakamakon shi ne nan da nan. Laifi ga wannan shi ne mawaki da kansa, wanda sau da yawa bar wani abu a kan hanya, a maimaitawa, ba kawai a cikin daban-daban birane a Italiya, amma kuma a waje tafiye-tafiye.

Ba ta kasance ba moriya ga m rubuce-rubuce music ne wani so daga Puccini -. Cars. Siyan mota ya juya a cikin wani zafi Italian real racer, suka yi tafiya game, kada ku bi gudun a kan hanyoyi kasar. Duk da haka, da hatsari a wanda ya kasance a tsakiyar aiki a kan wasar kwaikwayo ta waka, kadan sanyaya ya ardor. A karye kafa wani tsanani shawara nuna hali baya da dabaran da wani yawa neater. Amma duk da bata lokaci ba, a 1903, da libretto na opera "Madame Butterfly" da aka shirya.

Don yi aikinsa maximally gaskiya mawaki karatu Japan al'adu da kuma wani m bako a gidan na Roma da jakadan kasar Japan. Matarsa, Ms. Okiyama, gladly raira waƙa haihuwa kasa karin waƙa.

gaza farko

Fabrairu 17, 1904 a Milan wasan kwaikwayo "La Scala" ga masu sauraro da aka gabatar da brainchild na Puccini. The title rawa raira waƙa Rosina kirtani (soprano). Ta kamfanin ne mawaki Giovanni Dzenatello (Lieutenant Pinkerton). Duk da cewa haruffan "Madame Butterfly" sun m da idon basira, da masu sauraro da aka mamaki m sowa farko. Kuma a kan rana ta biyu na jaridar tube zapestrili yankunan da labarin sukar.

A mawaki ya tawayar, amma ya ki yarda da ra'ayin kasa. Ya yi imani da cewa wasan kwaikwayo shi ne nasara, rubuta a cikin wasika K. Bandy: "A karshen za ka gani - nasara zai kasance a gare ni!" Dzhakomo Puchchini kasa kunne ga shawara abokai da kuma masu sukar. Yana kawar da wasu daga cikin al'amuran, raba ta biyu yi a cikin biyu raba ayyuka da kuma kiran da gubar rawa na Ukrainian opera Diva Krushelnytska. Libretto "Madame Butterfly" suka fara wasa da sabon launuka. A taron da suka taru a gidan wasan kwaikwayo "Grande" (Brescia) May 28, 1904, farincikin gaishe da samfurin. A mawaki ya sha nanata kira a baka.

Da bala'i na mace a soyayya

A wasar kwaikwayo ta waka da aka ci gaba a cikin XIX da XX ƙarni a Nagasaki. Wannan labari ne game da yadda wani matashi Geisha Cio-Cio-San, wanda ga kyakkyawa da alherin da ake kira "Butterfly" (Butterfly), fadi cikin soyayya tare da Amurka Navy Lieutenant Pinkerton. Ta ji ya da karfi da cewa, saba wa hadisai na ta mutane, ta auri shi. Duk da haka, wauta malam ba ko da gane cewa ga ta zaba wannan aure kawai fun, shi ba ya yi da shi tsanani.

History of Madame Butterfly - wani bala'i na lamba tsakanin biyu halittu: yammacin da kuma gabashin, namiji da mace. M mutum a zahiri juya a kira su da wani jahili wanda bai yi imani da kalmomi magana takwabin alfarma, don haka sauƙi karya su. Amma ga mai bãyar da tsofaffin al'adun (wanda Yammacin mutane ze zama quite daji) da kalmar "ƙungiyar," "fadanci," "soyayya," weighs fiye da rayuwa. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa m ji juya mata bala'i.

Babban haruffa na "Madame Butterfly"

• Cio-Cio-San - kyau mace na Gabas. Ta wani wakilin wani tsoho sana'a a Japan - Geisha. Amma duk da bayyana fragility, Butterfly nuna unprecedented juriya, wadannan mizanansa zuwa karshen.
• Lieutenant Benjamin Pinkerton - American ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa wanda, ba tare da jinkirin, amince da su da aure da Japan kyakkyawa, amma ga shi a matsayin kyau Bugu da kari ga sabis. Ya ji ba zurfi, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa an sauƙi narkar da ƙungiyar domin ya auri wata takwararta.
• Sharpless - American jakadan. Wannan shi ne mai kyau mutum na ci-gaba shekaru, wanda tun daga ranar farko na sani damu game da Madame Butterfly da kuma fatan cewa shi ba zai cutar da Pinkerton. Halinsa ne mai taushi, gaisuwa. Lieutenant ra'ayoyi kan rayuwar ze shi quite na waje.
• Suzuki - wani amintaccen bawan Butterfly. Daban-daban live fushi da kuma wuce kima talkativeness, wanda irritates Pinkerton. Na yi kokarin ajiye Ms. kansa da kansa, amma ba ta yi nasara ba.
• Goro - wani gida matchmaker. Shi ne ya samu zuwa leftana, "wucin gadi matarsa", bayan kokarin kafa Butterfly da Prince, amma samu wani lebur ƙi.

Waɗannan su ne key haruffa na opera "Madame Butterfly", da abun ciki wanda ke mayar da hankali kan su abubuwan. A haruffa bayyana a kan mataki sau da yawa sosai, sun hada da: Uncle Bonze (la'ana Butterfly domin ta so ka canja addini na kakanninsu), Prince Yamadori (tambaye ga hannun Cio-Cio-San, bayan da cin amana da Pinkerton), Dolor (dan leftana da wani Geisha), Kate (matar Benjamin).

Opera "Madame Butterfly." Abinda ke ciki na farko yi

A mataki faruwa a cikin sabon gidan da Lieutenant Pinkerton, wanda ya takalman. Benjamin ne cikakken gamsu da ransa: ya ya kawai ya aure a m Jafananci Geisha. Ba nauyin kyawawan dabi'u, sai ya ban-daki a jakadan Sharpless tsõratar: kada ku warware yarinya ta zuciya.

Sa'an nan ya bi da wani idon sani na amarya da ango. Cio-Cio-san tattaunawa game da leftana kansa, da kimono hannun riga a cikin abin da shi ne "rai na kakanninsu", ya fahimci zaba daya cikin soyayya da kuma yi alkawarin canza addini saboda shi.

A courtship al'ada aka katse ziyarar Butterfly ta kawu, wanda la'ana ta yar dangi domin ta kasance a shirye ta yi watsi da addini na kakanninsu ga maza. Bikin aure irredeemably washe ta dukan baƙin da dangi na amarya cire. Kau da sabon sanya matar calms ƙasa kawai a hannun mijinta.

Na biyu yi. dokar Daya

Shekaru uku sun shude. Pinkerton ya bar Madame Butterfly. Da abun ciki na farko yi ne gaba daya mayar da hankali a kan babban harafin. A baranya Suzuki kokarin shawo farka cewa mijinta bar ta ga da kyau. Fushi Cio-Cio-san zuba sanannen aria "a kan wata hujja rana, ina so", wanda sauti mai bege cewa a ƙaunar daya zai dawo.

{Aramin Sharpless ya sauka a gidan malam tare da wata wasika inda ta bayyana cewa Benjamin aka aure a Amirka. Su hira da aka katse bayyanar Prince Goro da Yamadori, wanda yake so ya dauki matarsa zuwa Butterfly. Da ciwon da aka ƙi, baƙi an cire. Sharpless shawara da Prince dauki da tayin ya kuma ce, Pinkerton aure. A farko da tunani mata - kunar bakin wake, amma ta daukan kanta da kuma tambayi jakadan gaya mijinta game da danta.

Bayan wani lokaci a cikin harbor hada da wani American jirgin. Cio-Cio-san san shi - a fi so. Ta gyarta up, ado gidan da jiran shi, amma ba da yamma ko dare, shi ba ya bayyana.

dokar II

Haruffa "Madame Butterfly" a karshe ɓangare na opera kasance sosai wani tunanin. Pinkerton da Sharpless zo a kan wata ziyara Cio-Cio-San. Benjamin matar zauna a cikin lambu. A baranya farko kome fitar da siffa da leftana, ganin ta hawaye, ta gudu, ba su shiga a cikin scene.

Butterfly a ciki nan take gane. {Aramin ya gaya mata cewa, matar Pinkerton ta amince da daukar ilimi na yaro. Butterfly fahimci cewa, bãbu kuɓuta, kuma ya tambaye mijinta zo a cikin awa daya da yaro. Wannan lokaci zai kasance isa ga kashe kansa.

A lokacin shirya addu'o'in Mrs. baranya Firaministan danta ta dakin, suna begen shi zai dakatar da ita. Ya mika yaro wasa da kuma rufe musu idanu, Cio-Cio-san stabs kansa bayan allon. Lokacin da dakin bayyana Pinkerton da Sharpless, da m Butterflies sojojin sun kasance kawai isa ya nuna up on da dan.

opera dauwama

Wannan aikin da aka farko da brainchild Yahaya. Puccini. "Madame Butterfly" da aka yaba ba kawai Italian jama'a, amma kuma waje music magoya. Babu wani gazawar da opera productions. Mawaki ya tabbatar da cikakken 'yancin lokacin da ya yanke shawarar numfashi sabon rai cikin da ya halitta, canza tsarinta da gayyata don yin babban ɓangare na kwantantuwa Krushelnytska.

Mazauna Faransa, Ingila, Russia, da Amurka, Argentina da kuma sauran kasashe har yanzu suna farin ciki don zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo, tun da posters akan title na wasar kwaikwayo ta waka. Su empathize da m Cio-Cio-San, fushi a Pinkerton, damu game da makomar jaririn. Kowane opera singer aka girmama su yi wani ɓangare na almara Japan Butterflies, wanda hasãra soyayya ga wani da bai dāce da mutum.

Dzhakomo Puchchini halitta mai real fitacciyar, wanda tsiwirwirinsu dauwama a kan mataki. "Madame Butterfly" har yanzu a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi kyau operas a duniya.