A babban birnin kasar na Sicily. Tarik Photo

Tsibirin na Sicily (Sicilia, Italy), da gani da kuma rairayin bakin teku da cewa jawo hankalin miliyoyin masu yawon bude ido a kowace shekara, tãyarwa a kan ƙasa suna da yawa a tarihi da kuma gine-gine da Monuments cewa suna cikin daban-daban lokaci na wayewar dan adam. Its babban birnin kasar da aka kira Palermo. Game da shi, filla-filla, kuma za a tattauna kara.

Janar Description na gari

Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, da babban birnin kasar na Sicily (Italiya) - Palermo. A garin ne daya daga cikin tsofaffin ƙauyuka a ko'ina cikin kasar. Shi ne mafi girma da tashar jiragen ruwa a Italiya, kamar yadda a cikin sharuddan yawan ne a karo na biyar wuri a jihar. A musamman, kamar yadda na yau a nan zaune game da 655 000 mazaunan. Palermo aka located a kan Rum Coast, a gabashin ɓangare na tsibirin, a kusa da gindin Dutsen Pellegrino. A yammacin ɓangare ne in mun gwada matasa. A lokaci guda gidaje a nan ne yafi tsada idan aka kwatanta da tsakiyar yankunan. Dukan birnin za a iya kira m, m, kuma m. Yana alfahari da musamman yanayi, m mutane, kyau gine da kuma dadi abinci.

Babban tambaya ban sha'awa ga duk matafiya zuwa ziyarci cewa shi ne Palermo (babban birnin na Sicily) - yadda za a samu zuwa birni mafi kyau. Shi ne mafi m yi shi a kan jirgin sama. Abin baƙin ciki, kai tsaye flights daga kasar zuwa tsibirin ba bayar. Saboda haka, wajibi ne a gudanar da wani hada jirgin ta hanyar Roma ko Milan Venice.

A tarihin gindi da farko nasara

Bisa ga hukuma tarihi, birnin da aka kafa ta Phoenicians a 734 BC. Da farko an mai suna Sus, wanda fassara a matsayin "flower". Saboda ta ɓangaren da aka hanzari ɓullo da kasuwanci da cinikayya. A kadan daga baya ya bayyana da tashar jiragen ruwa, wanda daga baya ya zama babban filin ajiye motoci na Carthaginian jiragen ruwa. Wannan, bi da bi, da kara kara ta ci gaba. Tun zuwan nan a 254, da Romawa, ya zama birnin da wani real breadbasket na daular. Duk abin da ya, shi ya ba da mafi kyau lokaci na rayuwarsa, da kuma ya hankali fadi a cikin lalata. An fara da 535 shekaru mulki Rumawa, amma halin da ake ciki bai canza ba.

Larabci lokaci

A zama na tara karni, birnin da aka ci nasarar da Saracens, wanda nan da nan sanar da cewa Palermo - babban birnin kasar Sicily. A tarihin ta ci gaba, daga wannan lokacin, ya juya a cikin wata shugabanci gaba ɗaya. A birnin sauri tsiwirwirinsu ta ba ƙawa da tuba a cikin daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci shopping cibiyoyin a duk na Bahar Rum. A zamanin da Saracens nan aka gina shi fiye da 300 masallatai. Tare da wadannan invaders ba biyã wani Kirista ko Yahudawa, don haka masana tarihi kira wannan lokaci tsawon haƙuri. Tare da Larabawa a nan ya zo da sababbin hanyoyin fasaha na ban ruwa. To, akwai mutane da duniya-sanannen Citrus Ashtarot.

Norman zamanin

A 1072 tsibirin Sicily (ciki har da babban birnin kasar) da aka kama da dakarun na Norman King Ruggero D'Altavilly. A sabon shugabanni sun sosai talented da kuma m. Haka kuma, sun yarda da gida yan asali mutane don adana su ainihi. A 1130 aka kafa a can Mulkin Sicily, da kuma babban birnin kasar shi ne birni na Palermo. The gine na Norman lokaci, shi ne wani tabbaci daga cikin manyan adaptability daga cikin shugabannin wannan lokacin, da na gida hadisai, saboda shi daidaituwa united kuma kiyaye Roman, Byzantine, Arab da Norman sabon trends.

Spanish lokaci

A 1266 a birnin lashe Karl Anzhuysky. Duk da haka, shekara goma sha biyar daga baya, da na gida yawan tayar da gwamnatin, wanda wuni a wani yaki. Yana tsawon shekaru tara, lokacin da lokacin da akwai zasu kare kome Faransa. Bayan samun digiri fara zamanin Spanish mulki. 1618 alama farkon Turai ta shekara talatin da 'War. Wannan lokaci ya fi karfinsu da kuma tsibirin Sicily. A babban birnin kasar, kazalika da sauran birane, sha wahala daga high haraji, da kuma aggravated halin da ake ciki musamman talakawa girbi. A sakamakon haka, ƙiyayya da Spanish girma, sakamakon zo wani yunkuri cikin gida yawan. A sakamakon haka, an narkar da majalisar dattijai, da kuma saukar da haraji. Duk da haka, da jimawa da Halĩfa koma su 'yancin da kuma gabatar da tsauraran matakan dangane da mazauna.

A 1734, ya kwace mulki a tsibirin da wakilan da Bourbons. A farkon karni na sha tara, da suka shiga Mulkin Naples da kuma Sicily, yana shelar Mulkin biyu Sicilies.

Italiya

A May 1860, tare da dubu masu sa komai a fili a kan tsibirin Dzhuzeppe Garibaldi. A kwana uku na gwabza kazamin fada, birnin sallamãwa, kuma ya zama wani ɓangare na united Italiya. Kan gaba shekarun da suka gabata, an kullum akwai tarzoma, tawaye da kuma danniya, a lokacin da mazaunan tsibirin aka hankali yin amfani da su da lafiya da mulkin. A lokaci guda akwai wani duniya-sanannen Sicilian mafia, wanda da farko goyon ikon manoma gonaki.

Idan a lokacin yakin duniya na farko, Palermo da aka ba da suka ji rauni, sa'an nan a lokacin duniya na biyu, babban birnin kasar Sicily, ya aka hõre maimaita harin bom na kawance sojojin. Homeless yayin da akwai fiye da 14 dubu gida 'yan ƙasa. A hamsin na karshe karni, birnin da fuskantar da kalaman na baƙi waɗanda suka zo a cikin search na aiki. Ba su da tsari, don haka a wannan lokacin akwai wani gini albarku a nan, ya tafi a tarihi a matsayin "lalata da Palermo." Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, tun rushe musamman constructions da kuma gine-gine a kan site inda akwai Multi-storey kankare gidan, kuma a mota shakatawa. A daidai wannan lokaci mafi shafi cibiyar zauna a cikin kufai. A gida yawan girma da kusan 20% a lokacin wadannan shekaru.

Janar bayanin irin jan hankali

Wani lokacin ake magana a kai a matsayin Palermo-jẽfa bude-iska gidan kayan gargajiya. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, domin a nan akwai 295 chapels da majami'u, da rubu'i daga abin da yake a baya gidajen lama. Wadannan Monuments alfahari duk Italiya, da kuma musamman mazaunan tsibirin Sicily. Tarik (tarihi na wasu daga cikinsu ke mayar da kusan dubu uku shekaru) da aka halicce ƙarƙashin rinjayar daban-daban al'adu da kuma yanayi dazamani. Ya kamata a lura cewa, birnin da ya samu da fara'a godiya ga mai ban sha'awa layout: akwai biyu main gida tituna suna shirya perpendicular zuwa ga sãshe, kuma rarraba a Square Kvantro Kanti, wanda ya bayyana a cikin goma sha bakwai karni. A mafi daki-daki, mafi muhimmanci wurare na birnin aka bayyana a kasa.

babban coci

Daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan jan hankali, wanda alfahari da babban birnin kasar na Sicily, yana dauke da Cathedral of Palermo. Its gine da aka lokaci guda infused Larabci da Norman style kazalika Baroque da Gothic. Bisa ga gudanar da bincike, shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa ginin da aka kerata da kuma gyara sau da yawa. More musamman, shi ne mai ban mamaki a kan wannan shafin ya mai Byzantine coci tuba a tara karni da Larabawa a wani masallaci. Bayan da Norman ci na gari shi aka tsarkake a cikin girmamawa ga Virgin. A sha biyu karni, da gida Akbishop gina a nan Cathedral, wanda kan gaba bakwai ƙarni, akai-akai gina da kuma fadada. Its ba bayyanar da shi tsiwirwirinsu, a 1801.

Church of La Martorana

The hukuma sunan wannan Palermo jan hankali sauti kamar Church of Santa Maria del Ammiralo. An located a kan square Bellini da aka gina ta Normans a cikin goma sha biyu karni. Bayyanar da haikalin ma ya halartar a cikin tarihi da yawa canje-canje. Don wannan rana shi ya rike asali bayyanar da ciki da kararrawa hasumiya. A ciki na kawai ban mamaki tare da su musamman da suka bambanta da ƙawa. Specific kalmomi cancanci Norman-Byzantine mosaics cewa ƙawata ganuwar da Dome. Domin tara ƙarni, ba su rasa da haske da launi. Wannan hujja ne mai mu'ujiza kira ko da masana kimiyya.

catacombs na Capuchins

Mai enigmatic kuma m janye, wanda shi ne babban birnin na Sicily, dauke catacombs na Capuchins. Su ne tsoho binne a karkashin wannan sufi. Saboda da musamman sauyin yanayi na gida kogwanni, jikin matattu binne shi a lokacin daga cikin goma sha huɗu ga karni na sha tara, sun tsira. A cikin duka, sa'an nan, akwai game da dubu takwas mummies mutane da take daban-daban azuzuwan (Ruhbãnãwa haƙĩƙa sunã da firistoci, da ma'aurata, m mutane da yara). Ko da yake catacombs suna located waje cikin birnin, za ka iya har ma da samun a nan a kafa. Wannan wuri an dauki daya daga cikin rare yawon shakatawa manufa a Palermo. A daidai wannan lokaci, shi ne shawarar zuwa ziyarci kawai sosai na bincike mutane da karfi jijiyoyi.

Palace na Normans

Specific kalmomi cancanci Norman Palace. Da farko gani na gini ne mai sauqi qwarai. Amma lokacin da ingested farko ra'ayi na shi ne canza da cika fuska. Wannan yana buɗewa up wani marmari ciki ga baƙi. Wasu daga cikin dakunan da aka adana a cikin ta asali tsari, amma a babban ɓangare na castle da Spanish zamanin da aka gina. Yau, a nan zaune cikin gida majalisar dokokin kasar. A hawa na biyu ne Palatine Chapel, wadda shãmakunta aka yi wa ado da mosaics sadaukar da Littafi Mai Tsarki batutuwa. An liyi tare da na gida da kuma Byzantine sana'a a lokacin daga cikin goma sha biyu da goma sha biyar karni. Babu wani abu kamar wannan ba za a iya samu ko da a Konstantinoful tsoho Ibada.

Sauran shahara majami'u

A babban birnin kasar na Sicily, Palermo yana da dama haruffa, daya daga wanda ke dauke su Church of San Giovanni del Eremitti, gina a cikin 1142. A halin yanzu, ba za ka iya ganin dama na sarki, da na sarki sarcophagi, kazalika da waɗanda suke cikin kaburbura na wadanada kayan ado.

A cikin coci na St. Francis Assizkogo ne mai yawa ayyukan art. A daban-daban sau da aka halicce su da irin wannan shahara artists kamar yadda Giacomo Serpotta, Gagini iyali, Francesco Laurana, Pietro Novelli da sauransu.

Admiral ta coci da aka gina a 1143, a lokacin da zamanin sarki Roger II. Wannan sunan shi ya samu dangane da abin da ake gina a kan kudi na Admiral Georga Antiohiyskogo. Na musamman sha'awa a nan shi ne na musamman tarin kayayyakin tarihi, a tsakanin su - da tsoho wuyar warwarewa da image.

A real dutse mai daraja na Sicilian Baroque za a iya kira Yesu "Haikali, wanda shiri fara a 1590. A 1636 ya aka tsarkake, da kuma a 1892 - aka bayar da matsayi na wani National Monument.

Sauran wuraren ban sha'awa

Duk abin da ya, babban birnin kasar Sicily, shi ne da ya shahara ba kawai domin ta haikalin da kuma manyan gidãje. Akwai su da yawa wasu wuraren ban sha'awa cewa jawo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Alal misali, a 1555 ya bude wani marmaro Pretoria gina Florentine Mannerist Francesco Kamilyani. A kanta shi ne wani abun da ke ciki wanda ya ƙunshi jerin kududdufai, iri dabam-dabam a cikin size. Suna kewaye da marmara da mutummutumai da allegories, dama dodanni, dabbobi, da kuma mythological haruffa.

Mutane da suke so hutu daga majestic Monuments da kuma gine iya ziyarci Botanical Garden, a cikin wanda ƙasa na musamman da tarin shuke-shuke, wanda su ne wakilan duk nahiyoyi. A total akwai akwai game da dubu 12 raka'a.

Kamar sauran yankuna na Italiya, Sicily ne daban-daban girma soyayya na mazauna yankin da su da National Opera. Ba abin mamaki ba cewa akwai 21 wasan kwaikwayo. A mafi shahara da kuma m, daga gare su ne a gina a 1897 "Teatro Massimo". Shi ne mafi girma ma'aikata na wannan irin wasan kwaikwayo a Turai da kyau kwarai acoustics, yayin da saliha har zuwa dubu uku kallo.

A takaice bayyana duk gani na gari ba zai iya zama - da suka kawai bukatar ganin akalla sau daya a rayuwarsu.

Sicilian mura

Duk da babban muhimmanci da kuma yawon shakatawa sha'awa cikin Palermo, akwai wasu ban sha'awa, da darajar da ziyartar wuraren a tsibirin Sicily. Dabbab garuruwa, wuraren ban sha'awa wanda, kamar babban birnin kasar, ba zai iya barin sha'aninsu dabam har ma da nagartaccen matafiya, yada duk tare da bakin tekun.

Agridzhetto shi ne mafi girma mafaka a kan Rum Coast. A birni ne da ya shahara ba kawai a thermal marẽmari, amma kuma da kyau yashi rairayin bakin teku. Yana hada uku Pelagiyskih tsibiran cewa ajalinsa masoya na musamman shimfidar wurare, boating, kama kifi da kuma ruwa.

A gabas Coast na tsibirin lullube Catania, lapped da Ionian Sea. Its main janye aka dauke tsiri na rairayin bakin teku kafa daga volcanic yashi. Its tsawon shi ne tara kilomita.

Babban makõma na Taormina duk tsibirin da ake located a lardin Messina da kuma wanke da ruwan Tyrrhenian da Ionian tekuna. A yankin ne sananne ga ta rairayin bakin teku, mafi mashahuri na da ake kira Spiaggia Sabbia-Nere. Ya kunshi 'black volcanic yashi.

Sauran m mura suna dauke Siracusa da Ragusa.