Viktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov, Rasha wallafe-wallafen zargi, masanin ilimin harsuna: biography, aikin

Domestic harsuna, shi ne ba zai yiwu ba su yi tunanin ba tare da irin wannan gagarumin masanin kimiyya a matsayin Viktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov. Masanin ilimin harsuna, da wallafe-wallafen malamin, wani mutumin encyclopaedic erudition, ya bar wani gagarumin alama a cikin koyarwa da Rasha harshen, da ya yi yawa ga ci gaban da zamani al'adu da kuma horar da wani galaxy na talented masana kimiyya.

farko na hanya

Viktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov aka haife kan Janairu 12, 1895 a Zaraysk a cikin iyali firist. A 1930, danniya mahaifinsa, ya mutu a gudun hijira a Kazakhstan. Mother, wanda ya tafi gudun hijira tare da mijinta ya rasu, ma. The iyali ya iya samar da wata Victor karfi cravings ga ilimi. A 1917 ya sauke karatu daga Cibiyar kawai biyu a St. Petersburg: Tarihin da Philology (Zubov) da kuma archaeological.

A hanya zuwa kimiyya

Viktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov a matsayin dalibi ya nuna m kimiyya son zuciyõyin. Nan da nan bayan da ya institute ana kiran su zuwa ci gaba da yi kimiyya a Petrograd Institute, ya fara hulda da tarihi na coci sãɓãni kawai sabõda, ya ce bincike. A wannan lokaci, shi zai dauki Academician na dara, wanda gan babbar m a cikin matasa masanin kimiyya da kuma ganin game da cewa Vinogradov samu wani malanta domin shiri na sabawa rubuce-rubucensu na Rasha wallafe-wallafe. A shekara ta 1919, ya rubuta karkashin shiryarwar Shakhmatova master na ƙarshe a kan tarihin da sauti [b] a Arewa-Russian yare. Bayan haka, ya aka bai wa damar zama farfesa a Petrograd Institute, a wannan wuri, ya yi aiki domin shekaru 10. Bayan rasuwar Shakhmatov a 1920, Viktor sami wani sabon shawarta a cikin mutum na mashawarta daga masanin ilimin harsuna L. V. Scherby.

Nasarori a wallafe-wallafen zargi

Vinogradov yayin da tsunduma a harsuna, da kuma wallafe-wallafen da karatu. Ayyukansa sun zama sananne a fadi da'irori na Petrograd kawo dukkan. Ya rubuta wani yawan sha'awa ayyukan style daga cikin manyan Rasha marubuta Alexander Pushkin, FM Dostoevsky, NS Leskov, NV Litattafan Gogol. Bayan style, yana sha'awar nazarin tarihi bangare na adabi ayyukansu. Tanã nasu bincike hanya, wanda ta dogara ne a kan m janye daga tarihi mahallin da binciken daga cikin halaye na adabi aiki. Ya ji ya muhimmanci don nazarin ƙayyadaddu marubucin style, wanda zai taimaka wajen shiga da zurfi cikin marubucin bane. Vinogradov daga baya don ƙirƙirar wani jitu koyarwa game da image na marubucin da kuma marubucin stylistic category, wanda yake a tsaka-tsaki na adabi da ilmin harsuna.

shekaru na tsananta

A 1930, Viktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov tafi Moscow, inda ya yi aiki a daban-daban jami'o'i. Amma a 1934 da aka kama shi a cikin abin da ake kira "Case na Slavic." Kusan ba tare da bincike Vinogradov kõre su Vyatka, inda zai rike na tsawon shekaru biyu, sa'an nan ya aka yarda su matsa zuwa Mozhaisk kuma ko da ba ka damar koyar a Moscow. Ya yi ya zauna tare da matarsa ba bisa ka'ida ba, sa duka biyu a hadarin.

A shekara ta 1938, ya aka haramta don ya koya, amma bayan Viktor rubuta wata wasika zuwa ga Stalin, ya koma Moscow zama yarda da hakkin ya sami aiki a Moscow. Shekaru biyu da suka shige mun gwada zare jiki, amma a lokacin da yakin duniya na II ya fara, Vinogradova, kamar yadda wani unreliable kashi, an aike mu zuwa Tobolsk, inda zai zauna har sai lokacin rani na 1943. Duk wadannan shekaru, duk da matalauta rai yanayi da kuma m tsoro ga rayuwarsa, Victor V. ci gaba. Ya rubuta tarihin mutum kalmomi a kan jirgin ruwa ake ɗaukar kananan daga gare su a cikin archive na masanin kimiyya samu da yawa. Lokacin da yaki ya ƙare, Vinogradov rayuwa inganta, kuma ya koma zuwa Moscow, da kuma da yawa ya fara aiki productively.

Harsuna, a matsayin sadaukarwa

Viktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov ya lashe karbuwa a kasashen duniya da shi a cikin harsuna. Da bincike bukatun karya a yankin na Rasha harshen, da ya halicci kansa kimiyya makaranta, wanda aka dogara ne a kan na baya tarihi na Rasha harsuna, da kuma buɗe sama dama ga bayanin da amfaninsa harshe. Ya bayar da gudunmawar da Rasha philology ne musamman manyan.

Vinogradov gina wani ka'idar da nahawu da Rasha harshen, dangane da ra'ayoyi Shakhmatov, ya ɓullo da wani ka'idar game da sassa na magana, wanda aka buga a cikin na asali aiki "The zamani Rasha harshe." Sha'awar aikinsa a cikin harshen da almarar, wanda ya hada da albarkatun da harsuna, da kuma wallafe-wallafen da karatu da kuma ba da damar mai zurfi haske game da aikin da marubucin style. An muhimmin ɓangare na kimiyya al'adunmu ne ayyukan ƙwarai a kan matani zargi, lexicology da lexicography, ya ware daga cikin muhimman iri lexical ma'anar, halitta ka'idar phraseology. The masanin kimiyyar ya memba na kungiyar a kan Shirin zanen na ilimi kamus na Rasha harshe.

fice aiki

Fitattun masana kimiyya daga m yanki na kimiyya moriyar sau da yawa haifar da gagarumin ayyuka a dama yankunan, irin wannan shi ya Vinogradov kuma Viktor. "Rasha harshe. Nau'in ka'idar da kalmar "da" A harshen adabi "," A cikin litattafan "- wadannan da kuma wasu ayyukan da suka kawo daukaka ga masanin kimiyya da bincike damar hada style, nahawu da wallafe-wallafen analysis. Muhimmanci aikin da aka taba buga littafin "History of kalmomi" cewa VV Vinogradov rubuta a rayuwa.

An muhimmanci, na daga cikin wasiyya kunshi nazarin a kan ginin kalma na littafin "Daga cikin tarihi na nazarin Rasha ginin kalma" da kuma "Key tambayoyi ginin kalma bada shawarwari 'alama karshen Vynohradiv nahawu, a cikin abin da ya bayyana main iri bada shawarwari, gano iri syntactic mahallin.

The aiki na masanin kimiyyar aka bayar da Jihar Prize da Tarayyar Soviet.

ilimi aiki

Vinogradov Viktor Vladimirovich, wanda biography ya ko da yaushe aka hade da ilimi kimiyya, mai yawa hayayyafa aiki. Daga shekarar 1944 zuwa 1948 ya kasance shugaban makaranta na sashin Philology na Moscow Jami'ar Jihar, a cikin wannan '23 gangarawa sashen na Rasha harshe. A shekarar 1945 kuma an zabe shi da wani Academician na Academy of Sciences da Tarayyar Soviet, ya wuce matsayin da m memba. Tun da 1950, domin 4 shekaru, ya ke jagorancin Cibiyar harsuna na Academy of Sciences da Tarayyar Soviet. Kuma a shekarar 1958 Academician Viktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov ya zama shugaban Cibiyar Rasha Academy of Sciences da Tarayyar Soviet, wanda za a karkashin jagorancin fiye da kwata karni. Bugu da kari, masana kimiyya suna tsunduma a da yawa jama'a da kuma ilimi matsayi, shi ya kasance wani memba, girmamawa memba na da yawa waje da kwalejojin da kuma farfesa a Prague da Budapest jami'o'i.

mutu VV Vinogradov Oktoba 4, 1969 a Moscow.