"Ural-377": tarihi, fasali, bayani dalla-dalla

A shekarar 1958 Miass mota shuka fara aiki a kan mota aikin, wanda ya dauki wurinsa daga cikin motocin tsara don na kasa da tattalin arziki. Bugu da ƙari, cikin tushe koyi ga sabon truck ya "Ural-375" - truck SUV cewa kawai shirya ya fara a cikin jerin.

A sabon mota da aka labeled da "Ural-377", da photo inji aka gabatar a kasa.

A dalilan ga halittar 377-th

An yi imani da cewa babban dalilin domin a saki wani sabon truck ya so ya fadada da iyaka da kuma samar da wani inji cewa an amfani ba kawai a cikin soja amma kuma a cikin farar hula duniya. Har ila yau a cikin Tarayyar Soviet alkuki da zai dauki wani uku-aksali truck da biyu drive axles (6x4), kuma Ya ƙãra load-dauke iya aiki, shi ya kyauta.

Har ila yau a lokacin wannan lokaci a kasar fadi da kudi ya yi na dukan hanya cibiyar sadarwa, rufe da cewa zai iya tsayayya da kaya da kara zuwa 6000 kg mota aksali. Domin irin wannan waƙoƙi, kashe-hanya manyan motoci da aka ba da ake bukata.

Duk da haka, don ƙirƙirar model daga karce aka tsada. Saboda haka, wadannan da daidaituwa na Concepts rinjaye tsakanin automakers a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, an yanke shawarar daidaita sabuwar mota da duk-dabaran drive "Ural-375", wanda an riga an shirya don taro samar.

Bambance-bambance 377 th 375 th

Car "Ural-377" a wani gwajin version bayyana a shekarar 1961, da kuma, a duban farko, shi ne ba yawa daban-daban daga ta samfur. Duk da haka, shi ya kasance wani daban-daban na'ura. Babban bambancin sabon truck ta da "wa" dukkan-ƙasa abin hawa kamar haka:

• sabon mota engine rasa kare wayoyi.
• A gaban aksali ya daina zama jagorantar, shi ya maye gurbin da m sashe, kuma a wannan batun, da kuma a cikin canja wurin hali cire daya drive. Kuma da zane na "Handout" kanta saboda daidaituwa na bukatun kasance canzawa.
• Kayayyakin dabaran mariƙin, wanda shi ne 375-m positioned tsaye a kan "Ural-377" zanen shigar horizontally a gefen dama, kai tsaye a kasa cikin kaya katako dandali. A dandamali kanta ya kuma canza da kuma girma ta zama fiye da duk-ƙasa abin hawa.
• Wani sabon "Ural" da aka fara kafa duk-karfe, mai tsanani, mai kofa biyu taksi, tsara don mutane uku (direba + 2 dako). A taksi daga baya aka shigar a kan duk gaba model na kashe-hanya manyan motoci.

"Ural-377": farkon na tafiya

Bayan jerin factory gwaje-gwaje, a lokacin abin da gusar da shortcomings gano da kaka na shekarar 1962 factory ma'aikata shirya biyu motoci riga for jama'a dubawa.

Bayan nasara kammala farko jiha, sa'an nan da interdepartmental gwaje-gwaje a cikin Maris 1966, "Ural 377" shawarar da serial samar. Haka kuma, shi aka lura a cikin rahoton na karshe dubawa: sabon "Ural" 6x4 gana da kayyade bukatun, shi ne abin koyi, wanda yana da wani babban mataki na kowa na da "Ural-375" (samarwa model), da kuma wani sabon truck za a iya amfani da a matsayin tarakta, babbar mota, kuma shasi for daban-daban gyara.

"Ural-377": fasaha bayani dalla-dalla

• Girma a size - 7 m 60 cm x 2 x cm m 50 2 m 62 cm (L x W x H).
• Weight - 7 t 500 kg.
• Total nauyi - 15 ton.
• Base - 4 m 20 cm.
• Clearance - 40 cm.
• Iyakar gudun - 75 km / h.
• man fetur amfani - 48 l da 100 km.
• Powertrain - ZIL-375, man fetur, 8-Silinda.
• A girma daga cikin ikon naúrar - 7 lita.
• Engine ikon - 175 l / s.
• CAT - wani biyar-gudun.
• Kama - bushe-type, twin-farantin.

The rauni aya daga cikin sabon truck

Yana da bi daga cikin mafi girma zai yiwu daidaituwa tare da serial "Ural" shi ne dalilin da cewa sabon model aka rasa da halaye an riga da ake ci gaba da fafatawa a gasa yayin - Maz-500 da kuma ZIL-133. load damar rabo na inji to da kansa nauyi da aka ƙananan fiye da na Maz da ZIL. A tsawon dandamali ga kaya ya kasa, alhãli kuwa, shi ma mai girma a loading tsawo - 1 m 60 cm. Duk da cewa da dandali yana da wani gwada da kananan size, shi yana da m adadin biya diyya ga raya na na'ura. Wannan kyamara matsayi a cika kaya, kazalika da kai na kaya bayan jiki (elongated), ya jagoranci wani m rataye na gaban ƙafafun, wanda ƙwarai rage handling na truck. Bugu da kari, da "Ural-377" da ya kafa engine cewa gudanar a kan fetur. Duk da cewa sauran masana'antun truck a kasar sun nemi kafa su model more tattali da kuma m dizal powertrains.

Kokarin magance wannan halin da ake ciki, ma'aikata ma'aikata suka fara samar a karkashin sunan "Ural-377M" a cikin abin da suka yi kokarin kawar da dukkan wadannan disadvantages, amma ba wani abin alheri ya fito daga shi. Gyara na "Ural" "stalled", ya tsaya a kan biyu prototypes, kuma ba su sauko taro samar.

Amma duk da cewa sabon ƙasa truck juya waje, ba da kyau, da mota factory samar 71.000 motoci a daban-daban versions:

• "Ural-377N". Daga tushe model daban-daban m-roba.
• "Ural-377K". A tsarin da aka musamman tsara don amfani a low-zazzabi yankuna.
• "Ural-377S" da kuma gyara CH - tractors ga Semi-Trailers da wani canja nauyi 18,5 tons.

Kuma da 377 th ya samu aikace-aikace ba wai kawai a cikin farar hula duniya, amma kuma a cikin sojojin. Shi ne yadu used da kuma matsayin tarakta da kuma matsayin shasi don hawa musamman kayan aiki.