Tunguska Reserve: photos, lambobin sadarwa, Flora da fauna

Duniya tamu ne na musamman da kuma muna rayuwa a shi, shi ne mazaunan fadi ilimi - Galaxy. Bi da bi, da Milky Way ne a wani ma fi duniya, da kuma gaba daya dan hanya zuwa duniyar dan Adam. Yana duhu da sanyi sarari. Mutum ba tare da musamman kayan aikin a inhospitable injin ba tsira, amma daban-daban cosmic jikinsu, kamar taurari, taurari, asteroids da comets a cikin halittu quite jin dadi. A cikin duhun da kuma shirun tafiya dutse da tubalan da kankara, amma wani lokacin da hanyõyi haye tare da duniya. Wadannan baƙi riga ziyarci wannan duniya tamu. Karshe ziyara juya mutuwar dinosaur da manyan canjin yanayi.

samaniya bako

Cool bazara safe a 1908 mazaunan taiga ƙauyuka gani a sama mai babbar haske ball, yawo a high gudun. Sa'an nan, ya bace bayan da na fi itatuwa, da kuma ko da yaushe aiki kauyen mutane yin kasuwanci kamar yadda ya saba. Amma rabin awa daga baya a makantar flash lit up kewaye, da kuma kadan daga baya akwai wani m fashewa. Windows rasa tabarau, ƙasa ta girgiza, da girgije ya zama jini-ja. Saboda haka maraba earthlings almara meteorite, burbushi na wanda aka samu a yankin na da cikakken-gudãna kogin Stony Tunguska. Wannan m aukuwa har yanzu murna zukatan masu bincike da kuma masu goyon baya. Me ne m, tambayar da uninitiated? Haka ne, domin meteorite, kazalika, da bakin dutse, wanda dole ne a samu a hadarin site haka manyan (da fashewa) da abu ya ba tukuna aka samu.

m jarrabawa

Bayan da wasu batattun sifofi fashewa Masana ilmin kuranye. Gaskiyar ita ce, domin da yawa kwana a Turai kiyaye m haske, darũruwa da azurfa girgije ya yi inuwa a lokacin da rana. Saboda haka, a lokacin da taron ya faru, kuma mu duniya ne guda, da farin ciki sunã zubar da masana kimiyya rai. A gaba fice batun shi ne wuri na faduwar da abu. Ya bayyana cewa search kamata a da za'ayi a cikin gandun daji, amma inda? Yana da wata babbar yankin. M, amma a farkon karni na 20th kasance ba, a saka shi a cikin zamani sharuddan, masu zuba jari son su zuba jari a cikin search for meteorite, ko abin da ke bar shi. Duk da yake masana kimiyya da aka iyakance zuwa tambayar da mãsu shaida. Sai da bayan shekaru 13 da aka shirya balaguro cewa gano bakin dutse ne ba, kamar yadda cibiyar da babban-sikelin fashewa. Mun gano cewa, a samaniya jiki akwai wani fashewa a wata tsawo na 5 zuwa 15 km sama da surface na duniya, a tsakiyar yadudduka da yanayi, da kuma ikon yayi daidai da harin da hydrogen bam. Babban rabo mai girma ya kasance da cewa akwai wani cataclysm a cikin gaba daya inda ba wanda yake zaune wuri, in ba haka ba da jikkata dã ya kasance ba zai yiwu ba don kauce wa.

Shiriritar game da abin da cikin wani sarari suKe jiki ya ziyarci da yanayi na duniya tamu ne sararin. Amma irin wannan ne babba:

• meteorite.
• tauraro mai wutsiya.
• dan hanya jirgin.

A mafi plausible version ne prishelitsa kankara. Bayan fashewa a ƙasa ƙarfe inclusions aka samu shaidar a cikin ni'imar da wannan jarrabawa. An yi imani da cewa kankara da aka narke a cikin yanayi, da kuma qananan adadin sauran abubuwa kika aika uwa da surface na duniya. M version na dan hanya jirgin, wanda fashe kafin ya kai ga ƙasa, da yawa, yana da wani hakkin ya wanzu.

Duk abin da ya, amma daidai da m tarihi da kyau na halitta ra'ayoyi ko da yaushe jawo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa da ajiye "Tunguska".

Maras lokaci baki

Krasnoyarsk Territory, a cikin Evenki cin gashin kanta Area, musamman yanki na game da 300 000 kadada, wanda ya shirya Jihar Halitta Reserve "Tunguska". Its musamman da suka bambanta qarya ba kawai a cikin halitta kyakkyawa, amma kuma da hade "meteorite" tarihi, ya zuga a lokacin dukan duniya.

Tunguska Halitta Reserve hada da kusan untouched by mutum na duniya tare da hankula biocoenosis, picturesque shimfidar wurare, ruwan tekun Atlantika koguna da tabkuna. Sunan da aka samu daga halitta shakatawa na kogin da cewa gudanar tare da iyakar kudancin na kare shafukan. Shi ne ake kira da Stony Tunguska.

almarar kimiyya

Daga mazaunan kauyen Vanarava, wanda aka located kusa da wurin wani tsohon hatsari, ji jita-jita, ya zama wani labari da m anomalies da kayayyakin gargajiya da lura a cikin kusanci da fashewa. Found da ake kira Mai Tsarki Grail, tsawaita rayuwa, da warkaswa m cututtuka. Ba wai kawai da Krasnoyarsk yankin, amma dukan duniya da aka gigice labarin wani mutum wanda ya ce da cewa wannan taskar kawo kakan kaka daga wani balaguro zuwa shafin na wani meteorite. Dan uwan rayu fiye da shekara ɗari da ya wuce batun ta girma-jika, yana mai cewa ci, suka sha daga cikin kofin, don haka ya rayu sai anjima. Great-jikan bai yi imani da cewa lokaci, har sai 'yarsa samu a cikin wani hatsari, barazana ta rayuwa-dogon nakasa. Lokacin da ta fara amfani da kofin, wasu m hanyar dawo dasu. Samar da na bincike na "mai tsarki grail" iske ta Extraterrestrial asalin.

Daga cikin abubuwan, a cikin taiga jeji kusa da Tunguska sauri girma itatuwa, akwai daban-daban m ga su kafin maye gurbi. Wadannan mamaki dangana ga mataki na cosmic "taki". A cikin wani hali, ba irin wannan m da arziki tarihi na wannan wuri da kuma ta yi fice a halitta kyakkyawa, ba abin mamaki me ya sa mutane suna so su ziyarci yanayi ajiye "Tunguska".

Taiga wuri mai faɗi

Low plateaus, raba da kogin tashar, mazugi-dimbin yawa duwãtsu, kuma mesas, kai wani tsawo na 300 mita - da cewa shi ne total wuri mai faɗi da zurfin wurare kusa da Tunguska. Tsororuwar da ajiye - Lakursky kunya, rufinta ne 533 m Next sanya cosmic cataclysm ne Dutsen Farrington, na biyu mafi girma Filato .. Daga duwatsu rasa creek Churgim kafa goma-mita waterfall. A ƙasa a yankin tsakanin Hushmy da Kimchi yawa swampy.

Kasa a cikin yanayin wurin shakatawa ko podzolic swampy, dangane da wuri. A lokacin da Mesozoic, ƙasar da yanzu gidaje da ajiye "Tunguska" a cikin Krasnoyarsk yankin, shi ya shahara ga da karfi volcanic aiki, kamar yadda evidenced yawa ma'aunan kasa gudanar da bincike da kuma yanayi na ƙasa. Park Center ne mai babbar, tsoho volcanic bakin dutse. Lura a wani iri-iri na abinci m volcanic aiki, kamar basaltic kankara. Gleiser, yada a fadin duniya a zamanin da, bai isa kare shafukan. Amma da bushe sanyi da gudummawar da wani gagarumin daskarewa da ƙasa.

yanayin siffofin

Tunguska Rasha ajiye daban-daban nahiyar sauyin yanayi irin, saboda haka, ba da muhimmiyar mawadãta daga cikin zazzabi. A talakawan shekara-shekara da zazzabi Manuniya tsaye a kusa 6 digiri kasa sifili. bazara sauyin yanayi zama m, tare da wani talakawan shekara-shekara ruwan sama sosai kadan hazo. The kawai wata a lokacin da babu wani sanyi - yana da Yuli. A zazzabi iya Range daga 17 zuwa 30 digiri Celsius. A duk da rani, lokacin rani ƙwarai, a cikin ruwan sama, wanda ba ya ganimar da yanayi ajiye a cikin sauran watanni. Ciyayi zamani yana ba fiye da kwanaki 120 a shekara.

Shi ne mai kauri amma kyau da kuma rarrabe baki. Kasa ne yafi zurfin daskare saboda kananan adadin snow, da kuma gaban fiye da 250 sanyi kwanaki. Winters su ne mafi tsanani da iska da kuma musamman high yanayin zafi a cikin -60 digiri. Lokaci-lokaci na yanayi fronts kawo da labulen snow.

Tsire-tsire Halitta Park

Reserve "Tungussky" rufe gandun daji da kuma Woodlands, Bishiyoyi da na cikin ruwa ciyayi, m gangara kuma fadamun, swampy yankunan. Jamhuriyar Siberian taiga Flora bambancin ne saboda da nuances na karba-karba. A matsayi na na halitta shakatawa shi ne cewa an dake tsakanin kudanci, Angara Pine gandun daji, da kuma arewacin, leafy Lower Tunguska. Hybridization faruwa saboda wannan kasa matsayi, Yãna halitta na musamman yanayi na cin gaban sabuwar shuka kungiyoyin. Gandun daji, wadda fi yawa a cikin ajiye, ya tashi daga matasan Pine da Siberian larch. A cikin gandun daji da kuma undergrowth broadleaf kowa Birch, alder. A coniferous gandun daji mamaye spruce kuma itacen al'ul. Cover kunshi mosses, lichens lokaci-lokaci da kuma berries: cranberries da kuma blueberries. A Marshes, spruce Woodlands girma cranberries, sedge. A kan m gangara ripening rosehips, Sakhalin rasberi, black currant.

Domin masana kimiyya, da nazarin halittu al'umma wasanni yankunan samar da mai fadi da filin aiki: da yawa jinsunan da aka jera a matsayin miyagun, akwai 9 endemic jinsunan shuke-shuke, daban-daban kaya.

Akwai, a kan ba a sani ba, hanyõyi: a kare fauna

Ga wani wanda ziyarci da Tunguska Reserve, Flora da fauna - wani muhimmin ɓangare na musamman kyau na bude matafiyi. Kamar yadda suka ce, sai waɗanda suka yi idanu amma ga. Lalle ne, wanda zai iya ganin fiye da 30 jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa a wurin shakatawa. Ba zato ba tsammani, kuma nan da nan, ba shakka. Wannan tsari shi ne tsawo da kuma tsaurara. Sai haƙuri za a sãka: a nan rayuwa muz, barewa, chipmunks da zomaye. Har ila yau, akwai wasu jinsunan muskrats, moles Altai. Daga yara mamaye ruwan kasa beyar, Sable, kerkẽci. Foxes, weasels, mink ma faruwa, amma infrequently. Wani lokacin da ta je ziyarci Lynx, Otter iyon. Na wasanni yankunan dauke da lugar da kadangaru da macizai.

Kamar yadda da tsuntsaye da suke zaune a inuwar cikin matsananci taiga itatuwa, wannan matsala ne talauci gane. Mai yiwuwa, a cikin ƙasa na ajiye akwai game da 100 jinsunan tsuntsaye, kuma suka Ba dole ba ne asali a cikin wadannan wurare. Waterfowl ake wakilta dabbling ducks, goldeneye da merganser. Akwai Swans, terns da kogin gulls.

Birds ma bushara da gida wuri kuri'un su. Goshawk likes shirya a Chamba Basin. Black shirwa fi son gandun daji kusa da Stony Tunguska. Wani lokaci akwai wani shaho, kuma m kananan kafafu ungulu. Tabbata in ajiye ka iya saduwa da capercaillie da mujiya. Reserve "Tunguska" yayi wani shagali ya saurari Nightingale Red-da waxwings, ga jirgin gaggafa mujiya, mikiya, ko zinariya mikiya. Na more maras muhimmanci jinsunan tsuntsaye iya kalla zakara, daga abin da mai girma iri-iri na wurin shakatawa. Mutane da yawa tsuntsaye aka jera a matsayin miyagun.

Sisters Stony Tunguska

Tunguska Reserve hotuna da so ido, ne Ribar da koguna. Dukansu suna da aikin gandu na Stony Tunguska River, a cikin kwari wanda yake shi ne na musamman na halitta shakatawa. Marshy Chamba yana da yawa m whirlpools da floodplain tabkuna. A lokacin rani da kogin shallower. Hushma - mai sauri, dutsen kogin, kewaye da cliffs. Bisa ikon Allah bambancin kogin kimchi ne m, m lake Cheko. Gina jiki da rage cin abinci Tungus waɗansu kõguna na dusar ƙanƙara da ruwan sama. Kawai karamin yawan ruwa ne a bayansa da ta karkashin kasa igiyoyin. Domin da Stony Tunguska River tasa ne halin high ruwa girma da kuma daskare-up.

Great hanyoyi

Domin yawon bude ido, ban sha'awa tsara, multidirectional hanyoyi:

• 2 gauraye: up to 12 kwana, tare da sa hannu na wani rukuni na game da mutane 15.
• yin yawo: mafi m, abu zuwa wurin wani tsohon hatsari, tarin kungiyoyin up to 15 rãyukansu.
• Ruwa: daga kauye Vanavara kungiyar ke kafa zango for 8 kwanaki.
• iska: wurin da fashewa a meteorite, yawon bude ido suna hawa da saukar ungulu.

Tafiya hanya da aka tsara don wani rukuni da aka daidai shirya jiki, kamar yadda da izinin for 87 km da hadarin shafin. Mafi abu don shawo kan wannan hanya a lokacin rani watanni.

Mixed tafiya hanyoyi unsa rafting a kan katako jiragen ko a wurin kirkirar zabrosku da helikofta. Domin wadannan kamfen, dole ne ka da kwarewa na tafiya tare da wani kaya na ruwa da kuma gami.

Ruwa hanya da aka shirya a marigayi spring, hade da nassi na jiragen a kan Tunguska da hannayen riga.

Helikofta hanya ya shafi saukowa a ƙasa, tafiya yawon shakatawa, tare da ziyarar da duwãtsu, kuma komawa zuwa batu na tashi da ta cikin iska.

Tourist bayanai

Ina Reserve "Tunguska", Lambobin - bayanai, musamman cikin sha'awa na yawon bude ido. Yana da muhimmanci a san cewa wuri, cewa shi ne, har da yarjejeniya Vanavara, za a iya isa kawai da iska, wanda ya yi hijira sau uku a mako daga Krasnoyarsk.

Kai, kada ku damu da masauki, kuma sadarwar: a kauyen da aka kafa zamani salula kayayyakin more rayuwa, akwai biyu da-nada hotel. Akwai zamani shagunan da catering kamfanoni.

Idan wani rukuni na yawon bude ido ya sauka, da ganyen da ajiye gwamnati saduwa mutane a filin jirgin sama. The m ma'aikatan karkashin jagorancin darektan, Lyudmila Logunova, zai yi duk mai yiwuwa don zaɓar ganiya hanya da kuma tabbatar da ta'aziyya da baƙi ajiye. Telephone: +7 (39177) 2-27-59.